Ordinary People in Extraordinary Times

by Bermeo, Nancy

• ISBN13: 9780691089706
• ISBN10: 0691089701
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-07-21
• Publisher: Princeton Univ Pr

Summary

For generations, influential thinkers--often citing the tragic polarization that took place during Germany's Great Depression--have suspected that people's loyalty to democratic institutions erodes under pressure and that citizens gravitate toward antidemocratic extremes in times of political and economic crisis. But do people really defect from democracy when times get tough? Do ordinary people play a leading role in the collapse of popular government? Based on extensive research, this book overturns the common wisdom. It shows that the German experience was exceptional, that people's affinity for particular political positions are surprisingly stable, and that what is often labeled polarization is the result not of vote switching but of such factors as expansion of the franchise, elite defections, and the mobilization of new voters. Democratic collapses are caused less by changes in popular preferences than by the actions of political elites who polarize themselves and mistake the actions of a few for the preferences of the many. These conclusions are drawn from the study of twenty cases, including every democracy that collapsed in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution in interwar Europe, every South American democracy that fell to the Right after the Cuban Revolution, and three democracies that avoided breakdown despite serious economic and political challenges. Unique in its historical and regional scope, this book offers unsettling but important lessons about civil society and regime change--and about the paths to democratic consolidation today.

Author Biography

Nancy Bermeo is Professor of Politics at Princeton University

Table of Contents

LIST OF FIGURES	ix
LIST OF TABLES	xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS	xv
PART I: OUR LITERATURE AND INTERWAR EUROPE	1	(64)
1 Heroes or Villains? Images of Citizens and Civil Society in the Literature on Democracy	7	(14)
2 Ordinary People and the Breakdown of Democracy in Interwar Europe	21	(44)
PART II: SOUTH AMERICA AND OUR LITERATURE REVISED	65	(192)
3 The Reluctant Coup in Brazil	69	(31)
4 The Slow-Motion Coup in Uruguay	100	(38)
5 The Tragedy of Democracy in Chile	138	(39)
6 The Violent Death of Democracy in Argentina	177	(44)
7 Polarization and the Ignorance of Elites	221	(36)
INDEX	257