Organic Computing -

by Muller-schloer, Christian; Schmeck, Hartmut; Ungerer, Theo

• ISBN13: 9783034801294
• ISBN10: 3034801297
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2011-05-29
• Publisher: Birkhauser

Summary

Organic Computing has emerged as a challenging vision for future information processing systems. Organic Computing is based on the insight that we will soon be surrounded by large collections of autonomous systems, which are equipped with sensors and actuators, aware of their environment, communicating freely, and organising themselves in order to perform the actions and services that are required by the users. The presence of networks of intelligent systems in our environment opens fascinating application areas but, at the same time, bears the problem of their controllability. Hence, we have to construct such systems which we increasingly depend on as robust, safe, flexible, and trustworthy as possible. In particular, a strong orientation towards human needs as opposed to a pure implementation of the technologically possible seems absolutely central. In order to achieve these goals, our technical systems will have to act more independently, flexibly, and autonomously, i.e. they will have to exhibit life-like properties. We call those systems "organic". Hence, an "Organic Computing System" is a technical system, which adapts dynamically to the current conditions of its environment. It will be self-organising, self-configuring, self-optimising, self-healing, self-protecting, self-explaining, and context-aware, while offering complementary interfaces for higher-level directives with respect to the desired behaviour in order to cope with unexpected or undesired events. First steps towards adaptive and self-organising computer systems are already being undertaken. Adaptivity, reconfigurability, emergence of new properties, and self-organisation are topics in a variety of research projects. The special priority research program (SPP) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) addresses fundamental challenges in the design of Organic Computing systems; its objective is a deeper understanding of emergent global behaviour in self-organising systems and the design of specific concepts and tools to support the construction of Organic Computing systems for technical applications. This book documents the results of the 6-year research programme. But it is much more than a collection of project reports. In 6 chapters it discusses the theoretical foundations of Organic Computing, basic methods and tools, learning techniques used in Organic Computing, architectural patterns and many applications. The final outlook shows that Organic Computing ideas have spawned in the meantime a variety of new projects beyond the original research programme.

Table of Contents

Theoretical Foundations
Adaptivity and Self-organisation in Organic Computing Systems	p. 5
Quantitative Emergence	p. 39
Divergence Measures as a Generalised Approach to Quantitative Emergence	p. 53
Emergent Control	p. 67
Constraining Self-organisation Through Corridors of Correct Behaviour: The Restore Invariant Approach	p. 79
Ant Inspired Methods for Organic Computing	p. 95
Organic Computing: Metaphor or Model?	p. 111
Methods and Tools
Model-Driven Development of Self-organising Control Applications	p. 131
How to Design and Implement Self-organising Resource-Flow Systems	p. 145
Monitoring and Self-awareness for Heterogeneous, Adaptive Computing Systems	p. 163
Generic Emergent Computing in Chip Architectures	p. 179
Multi-objective Intrinsic Evolution of Embedded Systems	p. 193
Organisation-Oriented Chemical Programming	p. 207
Hovering Data Clouds for Organic Computing	p. 221
Learning
Aspects of Learning in OC Systems	p. 237
Combining Software and Hardware LCS for Lightweight On-chip Learning	p. 253
Collaborative Learning by Knowledge Exchange	p. 267
A Framework for Controlled Self-optimisation in Modular System Architectures	p. 281
Increasing Learning Speed by Imitation in Multi-robot Societies	p. 295
Learning to Look at Humans	p. 309
Architectures
Observation and Control of Organic Systems	p. 325
Organic Computing Middleware for Ubiquitous Environments	p. 339
DodOrg-A Self-adaptive Organic Many-core Architecture	p. 353
The Artificial Hormone System-An Organic Middleware for Self-organising Real-Time Task Allocation	p. 369
ORCA: An Organic Robot Control Architecture	p. 385
The EPOC Architecture-Enabling Evolution Under Hard Constraints	p. 399
Autonomic System on Chip Platform	p. 413
Applications
Organic Traffic Control	p. 431
Methods for Improving the Flow of Traffic	p. 447
Applying ASoC to Multi-core Applications for Workload Management	p. 461
Efficient Adaptive Communication from Resource-Restricted Transmitters	p. 473
OrganicBus: Organic Self-organising Bus-Based Communication Systems	p. 489
OC Principles in Wireless Sensor Networks	p. 503
Application of the Organic Robot Control Architecture ORCA to the Six-Legged Walking Robot OSCAR	p. 517
Energy-Awareness in Self-organising Robotic Exploration Teams	p. 531
A Fast Hierarchical Learning Approach for Autonomous Robots	p. 545
Emergent Computing with Marching Pixels for Real-Time Smart Camera Applications	p. 559
Status and Outlook
OC Techniques Applied to Solve Reliability Problems in Future 1000-Core Processors	p. 575
Dynamic Classification for Embedded Real-Time Systems	p. 579
On the Future of Chemistry-Inspired Computing	p. 583
Agent-Based Thermal Management for Multi-core Architectures	p. 587
Trust Management-Handling Uncertainties in Embedded Systems	p. 589
OC-Trust: Towards Trustworthy Organic Computing Systems	p. 593
Emergence in Action	p. 597
Organic Computing in Off-highway Machines	p. 601
Decentralised Energy Management for Smart Homes	p. 605
Self-organising Distributed Smart Camera Systems	p. 609
Organic Network Control	p. 611
Organic Computing: Quo vadis?	p. 615
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