Orpheus and Power: The Movimento Negro of Rio De Janeiro and Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1945-1988

by Hanchard, Michael George

• ISBN13: 9780691002705
• ISBN10: 0691002703
• Edition: Reprint
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-10-19
• Publisher: Princeton Univ Pr

Summary

From recent data on disparities between Brazilian whites and non-whites in areas of health, education, and welfare, it is clear that vast racial inequalities do exist in Brazil, contrary to earlier assertions in race relations scholarship that the country is a "racial democracy." Here Michael George Hanchard explores the implications of this increasingly evident racial inequality, highlighting Afro-Brazilian attempts at mobilizing for civil rights and the powerful efforts of white elites to neutralize such attempts. Within a neo-Gramscian framework, Hanchard shows how racial hegemony in Brazil has hampered ethnic and racial identification among non-whites by simultaneously promoting racial discrimination and false premises of racial equality. Drawing from personal archives of and interviews with participants in the Movimento Negro of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, Hanchard presents a wealth of empirical evidence about Afro-Brazilian militants, comparing their effectiveness with their counterparts in sub-Saharan Africa, the United States, and the Caribbean in the post-World War II period. He analyzes, in comprehensive detail, the extreme difficulties experienced by Afro-Brazilian activists in identifying and redressing racially specific patterns of violation and discrimination. Hanchard argues that the Afro-American struggle to subvert dominant cultural forms and practices carries the danger of being subsumed by the contradictions that these dominant forms produce.

Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS	ix
INTRODUCTION	3	(10)
PART ONE: RACIAL HEGEMONY	13	(64)
ONE Racial Politics: Terms, Theory, Methodology	13	(18)
TWO Brazilian Racial Politics: An Overview and Reconceptualization	31	(12)
THREE Racial Democracy: Hegemony, Brazilian Style	43	(34)
PART TWO: NEGATION AND CONTESTATION	77	(92)
FOUR Formations of Racial Consciousness	77	(22)
FIVE Movements and Moments	99	(43)
SIX Racial Politics and National Commemorations: The Struggle for Hegemony	142	(13)
SEVEN Conclusion	155	(14)
NOTES	169	(20)
APPENDIX	189	(2)
BIBLIOGRAPHY	191	(10)
INDEX	201