Out of Many

by Faragher, John Mack; Buhle, Mari Jo; Czitrom, Daniel; Armitage, Susan H.

• ISBN13: 9780130986924
• ISBN10: 0130986925
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-05-01
• Publisher: PRENTICE HALL SCHOOL GROUP

Table of Contents

Preface	xxxvii
Community and Diversity	xliv
1 A Continent of Villages, to 1500	1	(24)
American Communities: Cahokia: Thirteenth-Century Life on the Mississippi	1	(2)
Settling the Continent	3	(3)
Who Are the Indian People?	3	(1)
Migration from Asia	3	(2)
Clovis: The First American Technology	5	(1)
The Beginning of Regional Cultures	6	(4)
Hunting Traditions of the Plains and Forests	6	(1)
Desert Culture in Western America	7	(1)
History and the Land The Regions of Native North America	8	(1)
Forest Efficiency	9	(1)
The Development of Farming	10	(7)
Mexico	10	(1)
The Resisted Revolution	11	(1)
Increasing Social Complexity	12	(1)
The Religions of Foragers and Farmers	12	(1)
Earliest Farmers of the Southwest	13	(1)
The Anasazis	14	(1)
Farmers of the Eastern Woodlands	14	(1)
Mississippian Society	15	(1)
The Politics of Warfare and Violence	16	(1)
North America on the Eve of Colonization	17	(8)
The Indian Population of America	17	(1)
The Southwest	17	(2)
The South	19	(2)
The Northeast	21	(4)
Chronology	22	(1)
Conclusion	22	(1)
Review Questions	23	(1)
Document-Based Question	23	(2)
2 When Worlds Collide, 1492--1590	25	(24)
American Communities: The English and the Algonquians at Roanoke	26	(2)
The Expansion of Europe	28	(5)
European Communities	28	(1)
The Merchant Class and the Renaissance	29	(1)
The New Monarchies	30	(1)
Portuguese Explorations	30	(1)
Columbus Reaches the Americas	31	(2)
The Spanish in the Americas	33	(6)
The Invasion of America	33	(1)
The Destruction of the Indies	34	(2)
Intercontinental Exchange	36	(1)
The First Europeans in North America	37	(2)
The Spanish New World Empire	39	(1)
French and English Explorations and Encounters	39	(10)
The Political Impact of the Reformation	40	(1)
The French Colony in Florida	40	(1)
Fish and Furs	41	(2)
Social Change in Sixteenth-Century England	43	(1)
England Turns toward Colonization	44	(5)
Conclusion	45	(1)
Chronology	46	(1)
Review Questions	46	(1)
Document-Based Question	47	(2)
3 Planting Colonies in North America, 1588--1701	49	(24)
American Communities: Communities Struggle with Diversity in Seventeenth-Century Santa Fe	50	(2)
The Spanish and French in North America	52	(2)
New Mexico	52	(1)
The First Communities of New France	53	(1)
England in the Chesapeake	54	(4)
Jamestown and the Powhatan Confederacy	54	(1)
Tobacco, Expansion, and Warfare	55	(1)
Maryland	56	(1)
Indentured Servants	57	(1)
Community Life in the Chesapeake	58	(1)
The New England Colonies	58	(6)
The Social and Political Values of Puritanism	58	(1)
Early Contacts in New England	58	(1)
Plymouth Colony and the Mayflower Compact	59	(1)
The Massachusetts Bay Colony	59	(1)
Indians and Puritans	60	(1)
New England Communities	61	(1)
The Politics of Gender in Massachusetts	62	(1)
Dissent and New Communities	63	(1)
The Restoration Colonies	64	(2)
Early Carolina	64	(1)
From New Netherland to New York	64	(1)
The Founding of Pennsylvania	65	(1)
Conflict and War	66	(7)
King Philip's War	67	(1)
Bacon's Rebellion	68	(1)
Wars in the South	68	(1)
The Glorious Revolution in America	69	(1)
King William's War	69	(4)
Chronology	70	(1)
Conclusion	70	(1)
Review Questions	70	(1)
Document-Based Question	71	(2)
4 Slavery and Empire, 1441--1770	73	(30)
American Communities: African Slaves Build Their Own Community in Coastal Georgia	74	(2)
The Beginnings of African Slavery	76	(2)
Sugar and Slavery	76	(1)
West Africans	77	(1)
The African Slave Trade	78	(5)
The Demography of the Slave Trade	78	(1)
Slavers of All Nations	79	(1)
The Shock of Enslavement	79	(2)
The Middle Passage	81	(1)
Arrival in the New World	82	(1)
Political and Economic Effects on Africa	82	(1)
The Development of North American Slave Societies	83	(5)
Slavery Comes to North America	83	(1)
The Tobacco Colonies	84	(1)
The Lower South	85	(1)
Slavery in the Spanish Colonies	86	(1)
French Louisiana	87	(1)
Slavery in the North	87	(1)
Becoming African American	88	(4)
The Daily Life of Slaves	88	(1)
Families and Communities	88	(1)
African American Culture	89	(1)
The Africanization of the South	90	(1)
Violence and Resistance	91	(1)
Slavery and the Structure of Empire	92	(6)
Slavery the Mainspring	92	(2)
The Politics of Mercantilism	94	(1)
Wars for Empire	94	(1)
British Colonial Regulation	95	(2)
The Colonial Economy	97	(1)
Slavery and Freedom	98	(5)
The Social Structure of the Slave Colonies	98	(1)
White Skin Privilege	99	(4)
Chronology	100	(1)
Conclusion	100	(1)
Review Questions	101	(1)
Document-Based Question	101	(2)
5 The Cultures of Colonial North America, 1700--1780	103	(29)
American Communities: From Deerfield to Kahnawake: Crossing Cultural Boundaries	104	(2)
North American Regions	106	(13)
Indian America	106	(2)
The Spanish Borderlands	108	(1)
History and the Land Regions in Eighteenth-Century North America	108	(3)
The French Crescent	111	(1)
New England	112	(1)
The Middle Colonies	113	(1)
The Backcountry	114	(1)
The South	115	(1)
Traditional Culture in the New World	116	(1)
The Frontier Heritage	117	(2)
Diverging Social and Political Patterns	119	(4)
Population Growth	119	(1)
Social Class	120	(1)
Economic Growth and Increasing Inequality	121	(2)
Contrasts in Colonial Politics	123	(1)
The Cultural Transformation of British North America	123	(9)
The Enlightenment Challenge	124	(1)
A Decline in Religious Devotion	125	(1)
The Great Awakening	126	(2)
Great Awakening Politics	128	(4)
Chronology	128	(1)
Conclusion	129	(1)
Review Questions	129	(1)
Document-Based Question	129	(3)
6 From Empire to Independence, 1750--1776	132	(30)
American Communities: The First Continental Congress Shapes a National Political Community	133	(2)
The Seven Years War in America	135	(6)
The Albany Conference of 1754	135	(1)
Colonial Aims and Indian Interests	135	(2)
Frontier Warfare	137	(1)
The Conquest of Canada	137	(2)
Indians and Europeans Struggle over the West	139	(2)
The Imperial Crisis in British North America	141	(4)
The Emergence of American Nationalism	141	(1)
Politics, Republicanism, and the Press	142	(1)
The Sugar and Stamp Acts	143	(1)
The Stamp Act Crisis	143	(2)
Repeal of the Stamp Act	145	(1)
``Save Your Money and Save Your Country''	145	(4)
The Townshend Revenue Acts	145	(1)
Nonimportation: An Early Political Boycott	146	(1)
The Massachusetts Circular Letter	147	(1)
The Politics of Revolt and the Boston Massacre	148	(1)
From Resistance to Rebellion	149	(5)
Intercolonial Cooperation	149	(1)
The Boston Tea Party	150	(1)
The Intolerable Acts	151	(1)
The First Continental Congress	152	(1)
Lexington and Concord	153	(1)
Deciding for Independence	154	(8)
The Second Continental Congress	155	(1)
Fighting in the North and South	156	(1)
No Turning Back	157	(1)
The Declaration of Independence	158	(4)
Chronology	159	(1)
Conclusion	159	(1)
Review Questions	160	(1)
Document-Based Question	160	(2)
7 The Creation of the United States, 1776--1786	162	(31)
American Communities: A National Community Evolves at Valley Forge	163	(2)
The War for Independence	165	(10)
The Patriot Forces	165	(2)
The Loyalists	167	(1)
The Campaign for New York and New Jersey	168	(1)
The Northern Campaigns of 1777	169	(1)
The Politics of the French and Spanish Alliance	170	(2)
Indian Peoples and the Revolution	172	(1)
The War in the South	173	(2)
Yorktown	175	(1)
The United States in Congress Assembled	175	(7)
The Articles of Confederation	176	(1)
Financing the War	176	(1)
Negotiating Independence	177	(1)
The Crisis of Demobilization	178	(1)
The Problem of the West	179	(1)
History and the Land The Northwest Territory and the Land Survey System of the United States	180	(2)
Revolutionary Politics in the States	182	(11)
The Broadened Base of Politics	182	(1)
The First State Constitutions	183	(1)
Declarations of Rights	184	(1)
A Spirit of Reform	184	(1)
African Americans and the Revolution	185	(2)
Economic Problems	187	(1)
State Remedies	188	(1)
Shays' Rebellion	189	(4)
Conclusion	189	(1)
Chronology	190	(1)
Review Questions	190	(1)
Document-Based Question	191	(2)
8 The United States of North America, 1787--1800	193	(35)
American Communities: Mingo Creek Settlers Refuse to Pay the Whiskey Tax	194	(2)
Forming A New Government	196	(4)
Nationalist Sentiment	196	(1)
The Constitutional Convention	196	(2)
Ratifying the New Constitution	198	(2)
Shaping the Bill of Rights	200	(1)
The New Nation	200	(8)
The Washington Presidency	200	(1)
An Active Federal Judiciary	201	(1)
Hamilton's Controversial Fiscal Program	202	(1)
The Beginnings of Foreign Policy	203	(1)
The United States and the Indian Peoples	204	(1)
Spanish and British Hostility	205	(1)
Domestic and International Crises	206	(1)
Jay's and Pinckney's Treaties	207	(1)
Washington's Farewell Address	208	(1)
Federalists and Republicans	208	(5)
The Rise of Political Parties	208	(1)
The Adams Presidency	209	(1)
The Alien and Sedition Acts	210	(1)
The Revolution of 1800	211	(2)
``The Rising Glory of America''	213	(15)
Art and Architecture	213	(2)
The Liberty of the Press	215	(1)
The Birth of American Literature	215	(3)
Women on the Intellectual Scene	218	(4)
Chronology	218	(1)
Conclusion	219	(1)
Review Questions	219	(1)
Document-Based Question	219	(3)
Immigration & Community: The Changing Face of Ethnicity in America, To 1800	222	(6)
9 An Agrarian Republic, 1790--1824	228	(33)
American Communities: Expansion Touches Mandan Villages on the Upper Missouri	229	(2)
The Growth of American Communities from Coast to Coast	231	(4)
Russian America: Sitka	231	(1)
Northern New Spain: Los Angeles	232	(1)
A French Legacy: New Orleans and St. Louis	232	(1)
Trans-Appalachia: Cincinnati	233	(1)
Atlantic Ports: From Charleston to Boston	234	(1)
A National Economy	235	(2)
The Economy of the Young Republic	235	(1)
Shipping and the Economic Boom	235	(2)
The Jefferson Presidency	237	(5)
Republican Agrarianism	237	(1)
Jefferson's Government	238	(1)
An Independent Judiciary	239	(1)
Opportunity: The Louisiana Purchase	239	(2)
Incorporating Louisiana	241	(1)
Texas and the Struggle for Mexican Independence	241	(1)
Renewed Imperial Rivalry in North America	242	(5)
Problems with Neutral Rights	242	(1)
The Embargo Act	242	(1)
Madison and the Failure of ``Peaceable Coercion''	242	(1)
A Contradictory Indian Policy	243	(2)
History and the Land Indian Resistance, 1790--1816	245	(1)
Indian Resistance	246	(1)
The War of 1812	247	(3)
The War Hawks	247	(1)
The Campaign against Canada	248	(1)
War in the South	248	(1)
The Naval War	248	(1)
The Hartford Convention	249	(1)
The Treaty of Ghent	249	(1)
Defining the Boundaries	250	(11)
Another Westward Surge	250	(3)
The Second Great Awakening on the Frontier	253	(1)
The Election of 1816 and the Era of Good Feelings	253	(1)
The Diplomacy of John Quincy Adams	254	(2)
The Panic of 1819	256	(1)
The Missouri Compromise	256	(5)
Chronology	258	(1)
Conclusion	259	(1)
Review Questions	259	(1)
Document-Based Question	259	(2)
10 The Growth of Democracy, 1824--1840	261	(33)
American Communities: Martin Van Buren Forges a New Kind of Political Community	262	(2)
The New Democratic Politics	264	(5)
The Expansion and Limits of Suffrage	264	(2)
The Election of 1824	266	(1)
Organizing Popular Politics	267	(1)
The Election of 1828	268	(1)
The Jackson Presidency	269	(2)
A Popular Figure	269	(1)
The Spoils System and the New Politics	269	(1)
The Nation's Leader vs. Sectional Spokesmen	270	(1)
A Strong Executive	271	(1)
Internal Improvements: Building an Infrastructure	271	(8)
The Transportation Revolution	271	(2)
Canals and Steamboats	273	(2)
Railroads	275	(1)
The Legal Infrastructure	276	(1)
Commerical Agriculture in the Old Northwest	276	(1)
Effects of the Transportation Revolution	277	(2)
Jackson and His Opponents: The Rise of the Whigs	279	(6)
The Nullification Crisis	279	(1)
Indian Removal	280	(2)
The Bank War	282	(1)
Jackson's Reelection in 1832	283	(1)
Whigs, Van Buren, and the Election of 1836	283	(1)
The Panic of 1837	284	(1)
The Second American Party System	285	(2)
Whigs and Democrats	285	(1)
The Campaign of 1840	286	(1)
The Whig Victory Turns to Loss: The Tyler Presidency	287	(1)
American Arts and Letters	287	(7)
The Spread of the Written Word	287	(1)
Creating an American Culture	288	(2)
Artists and Builders	290	(4)
Chronology	291	(1)
Conclusion	291	(1)
Review Questions	292	(1)
Document-Based Question	292	(2)
11 The South and Slavery, 1790s--1850s	294	(30)
American Communities: Natchez-under-the Hill	295	(2)
King Cotton and Southern Expansion	297	(4)
The Cotton Gin and Expansion into the Old Southwest	297	(1)
The Question of Slavery	298	(1)
The Internal Slave Trade	299	(1)
The Economics of Slavery	299	(1)
Cotton Culture	300	(1)
To Be a Slave	301	(5)
The Maturing of the American Slave System	301	(1)
The Challenge to Survive	302	(1)
From Cradle to Grave	303	(1)
House Servants	304	(1)
Artisans and Skilled Workers	305	(1)
Field Work	305	(1)
The African American Community	306	(5)
Slave Families	306	(1)
African American Religion	307	(1)
Freedom and Resistance	308	(1)
Slave Revolts	309	(1)
Free African Americans	310	(1)
Yeomen and Poor White People	311	(2)
Yeomen	311	(1)
Poor White People	312	(1)
Yeoman Values	313	(1)
Planters	313	(4)
Small Slave Owners	313	(1)
The Old Planter Elite	314	(1)
The Natchez ``Nabobs''	315	(1)
Plantation Life	315	(1)
The Plantation Mistress	316	(1)
Coercion and Violence	317	(1)
The Defense of Slavery	317	(7)
Developing Proslavery Arguments	318	(1)
After Nat Turner	318	(2)
Changes in the South	320	(4)
Chronology	320	(1)
Conclusion	321	(1)
Review Questions	321	(1)
Document-Based Question	322	(2)
12 Industry and the North, 1790s--1840s	324	(27)
American Communities: Women Factory Workers Form a Community in Lowell, Massachusetts	325	(2)
Preindustrial Ways of Working	327	(3)
Rural Life: The Springer Family	327	(1)
The Family Labor System	327	(1)
Urban Artisans and Workers	328	(1)
Patriarchy in Family, Work, and Society	329	(1)
The Social Order	329	(1)
The Market Revolution	330	(8)
The Accumulation of Capital	330	(1)
The Putting-Out System	331	(1)
British Technology and American Industrialization	332	(1)
Slater's Mill	333	(1)
The Lowell Mills	334	(1)
Family Mills	335	(1)
``The American System of Manufactures''	336	(1)
Other Factories	337	(1)
From Artisan to Worker	338	(4)
Personal Relationships	338	(1)
Mechanization and Women's Work	339	(1)
Time, Work, and Leisure	339	(1)
The Cash Economy	340	(1)
Free Labor	341	(1)
Early Strikes	341	(1)
A New Social Order	342	(9)
Wealth and Class	342	(1)
Religion and Personal Life	343	(1)
The New Middle-Class Family	344	(1)
Family Limitation	345	(1)
Motherhood	345	(1)
Sentimentalism	346	(1)
Transcendentalism and Self-Reliance	347	(4)
Chronology	348	(1)
Conclusion	348	(1)
Review Questions	349	(1)
Document-Based Question	349	(2)
13 Coming to Terms with the New Age, 1820s--1850s	351	(35)
American Communities: Seneca Falls: Women Reformers Respond to the Market Revolution	352	(2)
Urban America	354	(8)
The Preindustrial City	354	(1)
The Growth of Cities	354	(1)
Patterns of Immigration	355	(1)
Class Structure in the Cities	355	(1)
History and the Land The Growth of Cities, 1820--1860	356	(1)
Sanitation and Living Patterns	356	(1)
Ethnic Neighborhoods	357	(1)
Urban Popular Culture	358	(2)
Civic Order	360	(1)
Urban Life of Free African Americans	361	(1)
The Labor Movement and Urban Politics	362	(3)
The Tradition of Artisanal Politics	362	(1)
The Union Movement	363	(1)
Big-City Machines	364	(1)
Social Reform Movements	365	(6)
Evangelism, Reform, and Social Control	365	(1)
Education and Women Teachers	366	(1)
Temperance	367	(1)
Moral Reform, Asylums, and Prisons	368	(1)
Utopianism and Mormonism	369	(2)
Antislavery and Abolitionism	371	(4)
The American Colonization Society	371	(1)
African Americans' Fight against Slavery	371	(1)
Abolitionists	372	(3)
Abolitionism and Politics	375	(1)
The Women's Rights Movement	375	(11)
The Grimke Sisters	376	(1)
Women's Rights	376	(4)
Chronology	377	(1)
Conclusion	378	(1)
Review Questions	378	(1)
Document-Based Question	378	(2)
Immigration & Community: The Changing Face of Ethnicity in America, 1800--1860	380	(6)
14 The Territorial Expansion of the United States, 1830s--1850s	386	(31)
American Communities: Texans and Tejanos ``Remember the Alamo!''	387	(2)
Exploring the West	389	(3)
The Fur Trade	389	(1)
Government-Sponsored Exploration	390	(1)
Expansion and Indian Policy	391	(1)
The Politics of Expansion	392	(11)
Manifest Destiny, an Expansionist Ideology	392	(2)
The Overland Trails	394	(2)
Oregon	396	(1)
The Santa Fe Trade	397	(1)
Mexican Texas	398	(1)
Americans in Texas	399	(1)
The Texas Revolt	400	(1)
The Republic of Texas	401	(1)
Texas Annexation and the Election of 1844	402	(1)
The Mexican-American War	403	(3)
Origins of the War	404	(1)
Mr. Polk's War	404	(2)
The Press and Popular War Enthusiasm	406	(1)
California and the Gold Rush	406	(4)
Russian-Californio Trade	406	(1)
Early American Settlement	407	(1)
Gold!	408	(1)
Mining Camps	409	(1)
The Politics of Manifest Destiny	410	(7)
The ``Young America'' Movement	410	(1)
The Wilmot Proviso	411	(1)
The Free-Soil Movement	412	(1)
The Election of 1848	412	(5)
Chronology	414	(1)
Conclusion	414	(1)
Review Questions	415	(1)
Document-Based Question	415	(2)
15 The Coming Crisis, the 1850s	417	(30)
American Communities: Illinois Communities Debate Slavery	418	(2)
America in 1850	420	(4)
Expansion and Growth	420	(1)
Cultural Life and Social Issues	420	(2)
Political Parties and Slavery	422	(1)
States' Rights and Slavery	422	(1)
Northern Fears of ``The Slave Power''	423	(1)
Two Communities, Two Perspectives	423	(1)
The Compromise of 1850	424	(5)
Debate and Compromise	425	(1)
The Fugitive Slave Act	426	(2)
The Election of 1852	428	(1)
``Young America'': The Politics of Expansion	428	(1)
The Crisis of the National Party System	429	(5)
The Kansas-Nebraska Act	429	(1)
``Bleeding Kansas''	430	(1)
The Politics of Nativism	431	(1)
The Republican Party and the Election of 1856	432	(2)
The Differences Deepen	434	(4)
The Dred Scott Decision	434	(1)
The Lecompton Constitution	435	(1)
The Panic of 1857	436	(1)
John Brown's Raid	437	(1)
The South Secedes	438	(9)
The Election of 1860	438	(2)
The South Leaves the Union	440	(1)
The North's Political Options	441	(1)
Establishment of the Confederacy	442	(1)
Lincoln's Inauguration	443	(4)
Chronology	444	(1)
Conclusion	444	(1)
Review Questions	445	(1)
Document-Based Question	445	(2)
16 The Civil War, 1861--1865	447	(34)
American Communities: Mother Bickerdyke Connects Northern Communities to Their Boys at War	448	(2)
Communities Mobilize for War	450	(5)
Fort Sumter: War Begins	450	(1)
The Call to Arms	450	(2)
The Border States	452	(1)
The Battle of Bull Run	452	(1)
The Relative Strengths of North and South	453	(2)
The Lincoln Presidency	455	(3)
Lincoln as Party Leader and War President	455	(1)
The War Department	456	(1)
Taxes and the Greenback Dollar	456	(1)
Politics and Economics: The Republican Platform	457	(1)
Diplomatic Objectives	457	(1)
The Confederacy	458	(1)
Jefferson Davis as President	458	(1)
Diplomatic Hopes	458	(1)
The Sinews of War	458	(1)
Contradictions of Southern Nationalism	459	(1)
The Fighting Through 1862	459	(5)
History and the Land Overall Strategy of the Civil War	460	(1)
The War in Northern Virginia	461	(1)
Shiloh and the War for the Mississippi	461	(1)
The War in the Trans-Mississippi West	462	(1)
The Naval War	463	(1)
The Black Response	464	(1)
The Death of Slavery	464	(3)
The Politics of Emancipation	464	(1)
Black Fighting Men	465	(2)
The Front Lines and the Home Front	467	(5)
The Toll of War	467	(1)
Army Nurses	468	(1)
The Life of the Common Soldier	469	(1)
Wartime Politics	469	(1)
Economic and Social Strains on the North	470	(1)
The New York City Draft Riots	471	(1)
The Failure of Southern Nationalism	471	(1)
The Tide Turns	472	(9)
The Turning Point of 1863	472	(1)
Grant and Sherman	473	(2)
The 1864 Election	475	(1)
Nearing the End	476	(1)
Appomattox	477	(1)
Death of a President	477	(4)
Chronology	478	(1)
Conclusion	478	(1)
Review Questions	479	(1)
Document-Based Question	479	(2)
17 Reconstruction, 1863--1877	481	(32)
American Communities: Hale County, Alabama: From Slavery to Freedom in a Black Belt Community	482	(2)
The Politics of Reconstruction	484	(8)
The Defeated South	484	(1)
Abraham Lincoln's Plan	485	(1)
Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction	486	(1)
The Radical Republican Vision	487	(2)
Congressional Reconstruction and the Impeachment Crisis	489	(1)
The Election of 1868	490	(1)
Woman Suffrage and Reconstruction	490	(2)
The Meaning of Freedom	492	(6)
Moving About	492	(1)
The African American Family	493	(1)
African American Churches and Schools	494	(1)
Land and Labor after Slavery	494	(3)
The Origins of African American Politics	497	(1)
Southern Politics and Society	498	(6)
Southern Republicans	498	(1)
Reconstructing the States: A Mixed Record	499	(1)
White Resistance and ``Redemption''	500	(2)
``King Cotton'' and the Crop Lien System	502	(2)
Reconstructing the North	504	(9)
The Age of Capital	504	(2)
Liberal Republicans and the Election of 1872	506	(1)
The Depression of 1873	507	(1)
The Electoral Crisis of 1876	508	(5)
Conclusion	509	(1)
Chronology	510	(1)
Review Questions	510	(1)
Document-Based Question	511	(2)
18 Conquest and Survival: The TransMississippi West, 1860--1900	513	(34)
American Communities: The Oklahoma Land Rush	514	(2)
Indian Peoples Under Siege	516	(4)
On the Eve of Conquest	516	(1)
Reservations and the Slaughter of the Buffalo	517	(1)
The Indian Wars	518	(2)
The Nez Perce	520	(1)
The Internal Empire	520	(6)
Mining Communities	522	(1)
Mormon Settlements	523	(1)
The Southwest	524	(2)
The Cattle Industry	526	(3)
Cowboys	526	(1)
Cowgirls and Prostitutes	527	(1)
Community and Conflict on the Range	527	(1)
History and the Land Statehood and Ethnic Settlement	528	(1)
Farming Communities on the Plains	529	(3)
The Homestead Act	529	(1)
Populating the Plains	530	(1)
Work, Dawn to Dusk	531	(1)
The World's Breadbasket	532	(4)
New Production Technologies	532	(1)
Producing for the Market	533	(1)
California	534	(1)
The Toll on the Land	535	(1)
The Western Landscape	536	(3)
Nature's Majesty	536	(1)
The Legendary Wild West	537	(1)
The ``American Primitive''	538	(1)
The Transformation of Indian Societies	539	(8)
Reform Policy and Politics	539	(2)
The Ghost Dance	541	(1)
Endurance and Rejuvenation	542	(5)
Chronology	543	(1)
Conclusion	544	(1)
Review Questions	544	(1)
Document-Based Question	545	(2)
19 The Incorporation of America, 1865--1900	547	(31)
American Communities: Packingtown, Chicago, Illinois	548	(2)
Rise of Industry, the Triumph of Business	550	(5)
A Revolution in Technology	550	(1)
Mechanization Takes Command	551	(1)
The Expanding Market for Goods	551	(2)
Integration, Combination, and Merger	553	(1)
The Gospel of Wealth	554	(1)
Labor in the Age of Big Business	555	(4)
The Changing Status of Labor	555	(2)
Mobilization against the Wage System	557	(2)
The American Federation of Labor	559	(1)
The Industrial City	559	(5)
Populating the City	559	(2)
History and the Land Patterns in Urban Growth in Turn-of-the-Century America	561	(1)
The Urban Landscape	562	(1)
The City and the Environment	563	(1)
The New South	564	(3)
Industrialization	564	(1)
Southern Labor	565	(1)
The Transformation of Piedmont Communities	566	(1)
Culture and Society in the Gilded Age	567	(4)
``Conspicuous Consumption''	567	(1)
Gentility and the Middle Class	568	(1)
Life in the Streets	569	(2)
Cultures in Conflict, Culture in Common	571	(7)
Education	571	(1)
Leisure and Public Space	572	(1)
National Pastimes	573	(5)
Chronology	574	(1)
Conclusion	575	(1)
Review Questions	575	(1)
Document-Based Question	576	(2)
20 Commonwealth and Empire, 1870--1900	578	(31)
American Communities: The Cooperative Commonwealth	579	(2)
Toward A National Governing Class	581	(4)
The Growth of Government	581	(2)
The Machinery of Politics	583	(1)
One Politician's Story	584	(1)
The Spoils System and Civil Service Reform	584	(1)
Farmers and Workers Organize Their Communities	585	(4)
The Grange	585	(1)
The Farmers' Alliance	586	(1)
Workers Search for Power	587	(1)
Women Build Alliances	588	(1)
Farmer-Labor Unity	589	(1)
The Crisis of the 1890s	589	(4)
Financial Collapse and Depression	590	(1)
Strikes and Labor Solidarity	590	(2)
The Social Gospel	592	(1)
Politics of Reform, Politics of Order	593	(4)
The Free Silver Issue	593	(1)
Populism's Last Campaigns	594	(1)
The Republican Triumph	595	(1)
The Limits of Democracy	595	(2)
Tom Watson	597	(1)
``Imperialism of Righteousness''	597	(4)
The White Man's Burden	597	(1)
Foreign Missions	598	(1)
An Overseas Empire	599	(2)
The Spanish-American War	601	(8)
A ``Splendid Little War'' in Cuba	602	(1)
War in the Philippines	603	(1)
Critics of Empire	604	(5)
Chronology	605	(1)
Conclusion	606	(1)
Review Questions	606	(1)
Document-Based Question	607	(2)
21 Urban America and the Progressive Era, 1900--1917	609	(33)
American Communities: The Henry Street Settlement House: Women Settlement House Workers Create a Community of Reform	610	(2)
The Currents of Progressivism	612	(8)
Unifying Themes	612	(2)
Women Spearhead Reform	614	(1)
The Urban Machine	615	(1)
Political Progressives and Urban Reform	616	(1)
Progressivism in the Statehouse	616	(1)
New Journalism: Muckraking	617	(2)
Intellectual Trends Promoting Reform	619	(1)
Social Control and Its Limits	620	(3)
The Prohibition Movement	620	(1)
The Social Evil	621	(1)
The Redemption of Leisure	621	(1)
Standardizing Education	622	(1)
Working-Class Communities and Protest	623	(7)
The New Immigrants	623	(2)
Urban Ghettos	625	(1)
Company Towns	626	(1)
The AFL: ``Unions, Pure and Simple''	627	(1)
The IWW: ``One Big Union''	628	(1)
Rebels in Bohemia	628	(2)
Women's Movements and Black Awakening	630	(3)
The New Woman	630	(1)
Birth Control	630	(1)
Racism and Accommodation	631	(1)
Racial Justice and the NAACP	632	(1)
National Progressivism	633	(9)
Theodore Roosevelt and Presidential Activism	633	(1)
Trustbusting and Regulation	633	(1)
Conservation, Preservation, and the Environment	634	(2)
Republican Split	636	(1)
The Election of 1912: A Four-Way Race	636	(1)
Woodrow Wilson's First Term	637	(5)
Conclusion	638	(1)
Chronology	639	(1)
Review Questions	640	(1)
Document-Based Question	640	(2)
22 World War I, 1914--1920	642	(31)
American Communities: Vigilante Justice in Bisbee, Arizona	643	(2)
Becoming a World Power	645	(4)
Roosevelt: The Big Stick	645	(1)
Taft: Dollar Diplomacy	646	(2)
Wilson: Moralism and Realism	648	(1)
The Great War	649	(4)
The Guns of August	649	(1)
American Neutrality	650	(1)
Preparedness and Peace	650	(2)
Safe for Democracy	652	(1)
American Mobilization	653	(4)
Selling the War	653	(1)
Fading Opposition to War	653	(1)
``You're in the Army Now''	654	(1)
Racism in the Military	655	(1)
Americans in Battle	655	(2)
Over Here	657	(6)
Organizing the Economy	657	(1)
The Business of War	658	(1)
Labor and the War	658	(1)
Women at Work	659	(1)
Woman Suffrage	660	(1)
Prohibition	661	(1)
Public Health	661	(2)
Repression and Reaction	663	(3)
Muzzling Dissent: The Espionage and Sedition Acts	663	(1)
The Great Migration and Racial Tensions	664	(1)
Labor Strife	665	(1)
An Uneasy Peace	666	(7)
The Fourteen Points	666	(1)
Wilson in Paris	666	(1)
The Treaty Fight	667	(1)
The Russian Revolution and America's Response	668	(1)
The Red Scare	669	(1)
The Election of 1920	669	(4)
Chronology	670	(1)
Conclusion	671	(1)
Review Questions	671	(1)
Document-Based Question	671	(2)
23 The Twenties, 1920-1929	673	(41)
American Communities: the Movie Audience and Hollywood: Mass Culture Creates a New National Community	674	(2)
Postwar Prosperity and Its Price	676	(6)
The Second Industrial Revolution	676	(1)
The Modern Corporation	676	(1)
Welfare Capitalism	677	(2)
The Auto Age	679	(1)
Cities and Suburbs	680	(1)
Exceptions: Agriculture, Ailing Industries	681	(1)
The New Mass Culture	682	(6)
Movie-Made America	682	(1)
Radio Broadcasting	683	(1)
New Forms of Journalism	684	(1)
Advertising Modernity	685	(1)
The Phonograph and the Recording Industry	686	(1)
Sports and Celebrity	686	(1)
A New Morality?	687	(1)
The State, the Economy, and Business	688	(4)
Harding and Coolidge	688	(2)
Herbert Hoover and the ``Associative State''	690	(1)
War Debts, Reparations, Keeping the Peace	690	(1)
Commerce and Foreign Policy	691	(1)
Resistance to Modernity	692	(4)
Prohibition	692	(1)
Immigration Restriction	693	(1)
The Ku Klux Klan	694	(1)
Religious Fundamentalism	695	(1)
Promises Postponed	696	(18)
Feminism in Transition	697	(1)
Mexican Immigration	698	(2)
The ``New Negro''	700	(1)
Intellectuals and Alienation	701	(2)
The Election of 1928	703	(5)
Chronology	704	(1)
Conclusion	705	(1)
Review Questions	705	(1)
Document-Based Question	706	(2)
Immigration & Community: the Changing Face of Ethnicity in America, 1860--1930	708	(6)
24 The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1929--1940	714	(34)
American Communities: Sit-Down Strike at Flint: Automobile Workers Organize a New Union	715	(2)
Hard Times	717	(5)
The Bull Market	717	(1)
The Crash	717	(1)
Underlying Weaknesses	718	(1)
Mass Unemployment	719	(2)
Hoover's Failure	721	(1)
Protest and the Election of 1932	722	(1)
FDR and the First New Deal	722	(4)
FDR the Man	722	(1)
Restoring Confidence	723	(1)
The Hundred Days	724	(2)
Left Turn and the Second New Deal	726	(4)
Roosevelt's Critics	726	(1)
The Second Hundred Days	727	(2)
Labor's Upsurge: Rise of the CIO	729	(1)
The New Deal Coalition at High Tide	729	(1)
The New Deal and the West	730	(5)
The Dust Bowl	730	(3)
Water Policy	733	(1)
A New Deal for Indians	734	(1)
Depression-Era Culture	735	(6)
A New Deal for the Arts	735	(2)
The Documentary Impulse	737	(1)
Waiting for Lefty	737	(1)
Hollywood in the 1930s	738	(2)
The Golden Age of Radio	740	(1)
The Swing Era	740	(1)
The Limits of Reform	741	(7)
Court Packing	741	(1)
The Women's Network	742	(1)
A New Deal for Minorities?	743	(1)
The Roosevelt Recession	744	(4)
Conclusion	745	(1)
Chronology	745	(1)
Review Questions	746	(1)
Document-Based Question	746	(2)
25 World War II, 1941--1945	748	(37)
American Communities: Los Alamos, New Mexico	749	(2)
The Coming of World War II	751	(5)
The Shadows of War	751	(1)
Isolationism	752	(1)
Roosevelt Readies for War	752	(3)
Pearl Harbor	755	(1)
Arsenal of Democracy	756	(4)
Mobilizing for War	756	(1)
Economic Conversion	757	(1)
New Workers	758	(1)
Wartime Strikes	759	(1)
The Home Front	760	(6)
Families in Wartime	761	(1)
The Internment of Japanese Americans	762	(1)
Civil Rights and Race Riots	763	(1)
Zoot-suit Riots	764	(1)
Popular Culture and ``The Good War''	765	(1)
Men and Women in Uniform	766	(5)
Creating the Armed Forces	766	(2)
Women Enter the Military	768	(1)
Old Practices and New Horizons	769	(1)
Overseas Occupation	770	(1)
Prisoners of War	770	(1)
The World at War	771	(7)
History and the Land World War II: Personnel and Bombs	772	(1)
Soviets Halt Nazi Drive	772	(2)
The Allied Offensive	774	(1)
The Allied Invasion of Europe	775	(1)
The High Cost of European Victory	776	(1)
The War in Asia and the Pacific	776	(2)
The Last Stages of War	778	(7)
The Holocaust	778	(1)
The Yalta Conference	779	(1)
The Atomic Bomb	780	(5)
Chronology	781	(1)
Conclusion	782	(1)
Review Questions	782	(1)
Document-Based Question	782	(3)
26 The Cold War, 1945--1952	785	(32)
American Communities: University of Washington, Seattle: Students and Faculty Face the Cold War	786	(2)
Global Insecurities at War's End	788	(3)
``The American Century''	788	(1)
The United Nations and Hopes for Collective Security	789	(1)
The Division of Europe	790	(1)
The Policy of Containment	791	(5)
The Truman Doctrine	791	(1)
The Marshall Plan	792	(1)
The Berlin Crisis and the Formation of NATO	793	(2)
The Cold War in Asia	795	(1)
Atomic Diplomacy	796	(1)
The Truman Presidency	796	(4)
``To Err Is Truman''	796	(2)
The 1948 Election	798	(1)
The Fair Deal	799	(1)
The Cold War at home	800	(5)
The National Security State	800	(1)
The Red Scare in Hollywood	801	(1)
Spy Cases	802	(1)
McCarthyism	803	(2)
Age of Anxiety	805	(3)
The Two-Income Family	805	(2)
Religion and Education	807	(1)
The Cultural Noir	808	(1)
End of the Democratic Era	808	(9)
The Korean War	809	(2)
The Legacy of ``The Sour Little War''	811	(1)
Truman's Downfall	811	(6)
Chronology	813	(1)
Conclusion	814	(1)
Review Questions	814	(1)
Document-Based Question	815	(2)
27 America at Midcentury, 1952--1963	817	(31)
American Communities: Popular Music in Memphis	818	(2)
American Society at Midcentury	820	(6)
The Eisenhower Presidency	820	(1)
Subsidizing Prosperity	821	(2)
Suburban Life	823	(1)
History and the Land The Changing Face of Postwar Los Angeles	824	(1)
Lonely Crowds and Organization Men	825	(1)
The Expansion of Higher Education	825	(1)
Health and Medicine	826	(1)
Youth Culture	826	(3)
The Youth Market	827	(1)
``Hail! Hail! Rock `n' Roll!''	827	(1)
Almost Grown	828	(1)
Deviance and Delinquency	829	(1)
Mass Culture and Its Discontents	829	(4)
Television: Tube of Plenty	830	(1)
Television and Politics	831	(1)
Culture Critics	832	(1)
The Beats	832	(1)
The Cold War Continued	833	(6)
The ``New Look'' in Foreign Affairs	833	(2)
Covert Action	835	(1)
Intervening around the World	835	(3)
Ike's Warning: The Military-Industrial Complex	838	(1)
John F. Kennedy and the New Frontier	839	(9)
The Election of 1960	839	(1)
New Frontier Liberalism	840	(1)
Kennedy and the Cold War	841	(1)
The Cuban Revolution and the Bay of Pigs	842	(1)
The Missile Crisis	843	(1)
The Assassination of President Kennedy	844	(4)
Chronology	845	(1)
Conclusion	846	(1)
Review Questions	846	(1)
Document-Based Question	846	(2)
28 The Civil Rights Movement, 1945--1966	848	(30)
American Communities: The Montgomery Bus Boycott: An African American Community Challenges Segregation	849	(2)
Origins of the Movement	851	(4)
Civil Rights after World War II	851	(1)
The Segregated South	852	(2)
Brown v. Board of Education	854	(1)
Crisis in Little Rock	854	(1)
No Easy Road to Freedom, 1957--62	855	(7)
Martin Luther King and the SCLC	856	(1)
Sit-Ins: Greensboro, Nashville, Atlanta	857	(1)
SNCC and the ``Beloved Community''	858	(1)
The Election of 1960 and Civil Rights	859	(1)
Freedom Rides	860	(1)
The Albany Movement: The Limits of Protest	861	(1)
The Movement at High Tide, 1963--65	862	(9)
Birmingham	862	(2)
JFK and the March on Washington	864	(1)
LBJ and the Civil Rights Act of 1964	865	(2)
Mississippi Freedom Summer	867	(1)
Malcolm X and Black Consciousness	868	(1)
Selma and the Voting Rights Act of 1965	869	(2)
Forgotten Minorities, 1945--65	871	(7)
Mexican Americans	871	(1)
Puerto Ricans	872	(1)
Indian Peoples	873	(1)
Asian Americans	874	(4)
Chronology	875	(1)
Conclusion	875	(1)
Review Questions	876	(1)
Document-Based Question	876	(2)
29 War Abroad, War at Home, 1965--1974	878	(35)
American Communities: Uptown, Chicago, Illinois	879	(2)
Vietnam: America's Longest War	881	(2)
Johnson's War	881	(1)
Deeper into the Quagmire	882	(1)
The Credibility Gap	882	(1)
A Generation In Conflict	883	(5)
``The Times They Are A-Changin'''	884	(1)
From Campus Protest to Mass Mobilization	885	(2)
Teenage Soldiers	887	(1)
Wars on Poverty	888	(4)
The Great Society	888	(2)
Crisis in the Cities	890	(1)
Urban Uprisings	891	(1)
1968	892	(3)
The Tet Offensive	892	(1)
King, the War, and the Assassination	893	(1)
The Democratic Campaign	894	(1)
``The Whole World Is Watching!''	894	(1)
The Politics of Identity	895	(8)
Black Power	895	(3)
Sisterhood Is Powerful	898	(1)
Gay Liberation	899	(1)
The Chicano Rebellion	899	(2)
Red Power	901	(1)
The Asian American Movement	902	(1)
The Nixon Presidency	903	(4)
The Southern Strategy	903	(1)
Nixon's War	904	(1)
``The China Card''	905	(1)
Domestic Policy	906	(1)
Watergate	907	(6)
Foreign Policy as Conspiracy	907	(1)
The Age of Dirty Tricks	907	(3)
The Fall of the Executive	910	(3)
Chronology	909	(1)
Conclusion	910	(1)
Review Questions	910	(1)
Document-Based Questions	911	(2)
30 The Overextended Society, 1974--1980	913	(32)
American Communities: Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania	914	(2)
Stagflation	916	(6)
The Oil Crisis	916	(1)
The Bill Comes Due	916	(1)
Falling Productivity	917	(1)
History and the Land 1970s: Oil Consumption	918	(1)
Blue-collar Blues	919	(1)
Sunbelt/Snowbelt	920	(2)
``Lean Years'' Presidents	922	(2)
``I'm a Ford, Not a Lincoln''	922	(1)
The 1976 Election	923	(1)
The Carter Presidency	924	(1)
The New Poverty	924	(3)
A Two-tiered Society	924	(2)
The Feminization of Poverty	926	(1)
``The Underclass''	926	(1)
Communities and Grass-Roots Politics	927	(4)
The New Urban Politics	927	(1)
The City and the Neighborhood	928	(1)
The Endangered Environment	929	(1)
Small-Town America	930	(1)
The New Conservatism	931	(4)
The New Right	931	(1)
Anti-ERA, Antiabortion	932	(2)
``The Me Decade''	934	(1)
Adjusting To a New World	935	(3)
A Thaw in the Cold War	935	(1)
Foreign Policy and ``Moral Principles''	936	(1)
The Camp David Accords	937	(1)
Carter's ``Crisis of Confidence''	938	(7)
(Mis)Handling the Unexpected	938	(2)
The Iran Hostage Crisis	940	(1)
The 1980 Election	940	(5)
Chronology	941	(1)
Conclusion	942	(1)
Review Questions	942	(1)
Document-Based Question	942	(3)
31 The Conservative Ascendancy and the New Millennium	945	(1)
American Communities: Virtual Communities on the Electronic Frontier	946	(2)
The Reagan Revolution	948	(5)
The Great Communicator	948	(1)
Reaganomics	949	(2)
Military Buildup	951	(1)
Recession, Recovery, Fiscal Crisis	951	(1)
The Election of 1984	952	(1)
Reagan's Foreign Policy	953	(5)
The Evil Empire	953	(1)
Central America	954	(1)
Glasnost and Arms Control	955	(1)
The Iran-Contra Scandal	956	(2)
Best of Times, Worst of Times	958	(11)
Silicon Valley	959	(1)
Monongahela Valley	960	(1)
Indian Country	961	(2)
An Electronic Culture	963	(1)
Epidemics: Drugs, AIDS, Homelessness	964	(2)
Economic Woes	966	(1)
Growing Inequality	967	(2)
End of An Era?	969	(12)
The Election of 1988	969	(1)
The New Immigration	970	(1)
The Collapse of Communism	971	(1)
The Persian Gulf War	972	(3)
Multicultural Riot in Los Angeles	975	(1)
The Election of 1992	976	(1)
``The Era of Big Government is Over''	977	(2)
The Election of 1996 and Clinton's Second Term	979	(2)
Changing American Communities	981	(1)
The New Millenium	981	(1)
The Election of 2000	982	(1)
Global Warming	983	(1)
A Global Community?	984	(1)
Terrorist Attack on America	985	(1)
Conclusion	986	(1)
Chronology	987	(2)
Review Questions	989	(1)
Document-Based Question	989
Appendi	1	(1)
Credits	1	(1)
Index	1