Paramedic: Pathophysiology

by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS); Elling, Bob; Elling, Kirsten M.; Rothenberg, Mikel A.

• ISBN13: 9780763737658
• ISBN10: 0763737658
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-02-02
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Summary

Part of the AAOS Paramedic Series, this title complements Paramedic: Anatomy and Physiology . Intended to be used primarily in pathophysiology courses that are designed to be a pre- or co-requisite For The US DOT EMT-Paramedic program, this book is also useful as adjunct to recertification, either by continuing education or actual class time, Of the thousands of paramedics who were previously trained under the 1985 or earlier paramedic curricula. Paramedic: Pathophysiology covers the relevant issues of pathophysiology as they relate To The field practice of the paramedic. The specific objectives that are identified in the DOT curriculum are clearly listed at the beginning of every chapter, and additional non-curriculum objectives have been added where appropriate to allow comprehensive coverage of the material. The authors have endeavored to keep the text stimulating and informative without entering the realm of esoteric materials. Quality figures and tables enrich the text and help further the reader's understanding.

Table of Contents

Pathophysiology: What, Why, and How It Is Important to the Paramedic	4	(13)
Pathophysiology	4	(10)
Homeostasis---The Dynamic Steady State	4	(1)
Cell Signaling and Feedback	5	(2)
Ligands and Receptors	7	(3)
Abnormal Cell Signaling and Disease	10	(4)
Prep Kit	14	(3)
Cells and Tissues	17	(14)
Cells	18	(1)
Cellular Components and Organelles	18	(1)
Tissues	19	(2)
Cell and Tissue Adaptations	21	(5)
Prep Kit	26	(5)
Cell and Tissue Injury	31	(12)
Cell Injury	32	(8)
Manifestations of Cellular Injury and Death	32	(3)
Hypoxic Injury	35	(1)
Chemical Injury	36	(1)
Infectious Injury	36	(2)
Immunologic and Inflammatory Injury	38	(1)
Other Injurious Factors	38	(2)
Prep Kit	40	(3)
The Cellular Environment	43	(28)
Distribution of Body Fluids	44	(1)
Fluid and Water Balance	45	(3)
Alterations in Water Movement: Edema	48	(1)
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance	49	(8)
Sodium and Chloride Balance	50	(2)
Alterations in Sodium, Chloride, and Water Balance	52	(2)
Alterations in Potassium, Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium Balance	54	(3)
Heat Stress from Extreme Physical Activity: Proper Hydration	57	(2)
Physiology	58	(1)
Who Is at Risk for Hyponatremia?	58	(1)
How Can Hyponatremia Be Prevented?	59	(1)
Pathophysiology of Dehydration and Hyponatremia	59	(2)
Dehydration	59	(1)
Hyponatremia	60	(1)
Assessment and Management of Hyponatremia	60	(1)
Postural Hypotension	61	(1)
Acid-Base Balance	61	(5)
Acid-Base Imbalance	62	(4)
Prep Kit	66	(5)
Genetics and Familial Diseases	71	(24)
Factors Causing Disease	72	(1)
Analyzing Disease Risk	73	(1)
Common Familial Diseases and Associated Risk Factors	73	(18)
Immunologic Disorders	74	(3)
Cancer	77	(3)
Endocrine Disorders	80	(1)
Hematologic Disorders	80	(2)
Cardiovascular Disorders	82	(2)
Renal Disorders	84	(1)
Gastrointestinal Disorders	84	(3)
Neuromuscular Disorders	87	(1)
Psychiatric Disorders	88	(3)
Prep Kit	91	(4)
Hypoperfusion	95	(12)
Pathogenesis	96	(1)
Types of Shock	96	(6)
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome	102	(1)
Prep Kit	103	(4)
Self-Defense Mechanisms	107	(22)
Introduction: The Lines of Defense	108	(1)
Anatomy of the Immune System	109	(4)
Characteristics of the Immune Response	113	(1)
Induction of the Immune Response	114	(1)
Humoral Immune Response	115	(4)
B Lymphocytes	115	(2)
Immunoglobulins	117	(2)
Cell-Mediated Immune Response	119	(1)
Cellular Interactions in the Immune Response	119	(2)
Fetal and Neonatal Immune Function	121	(1)
Aging and the Immune Response in Older Patients	122	(1)
Prep Kit	123	(6)
Inflammation	129	(16)
The Acute Inflammatory Response	130	(1)
Mast Cells	130	(1)
Plasma Protein Systems	131	(2)
Cellular Components of Inflammation	133	(2)
Cellular Products	135	(1)
Systemic Responses of Acute Inflammation	135	(2)
Chronic Inflammation Responses	137	(1)
Injury Resolution and Repair	137	(2)
Age and the Immune Response	139	(1)
Prep Kit	140	(5)
Variances in Immunity and Inflammation	145	(14)
Hypersensitivity	146	(1)
Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity	146	(4)
Type I Hypersensitivity Reactions	146	(3)
Type II Hypersensitivity Reactions	149	(1)
Type III Hypersensitivity Reactions	149	(1)
Type IV Hypersensitivity Reactions	149	(1)
Targets of Hypersensitivity	150	(1)
Autoimmune and Isoimmune Diseases	150	(3)
Immune and Inflammation Deficiencies	153	(2)
Prep Kit	155	(4)
Stress and Disease	159	(13)
Concept of Stress	160	(4)
Stage 1: Alarm Reaction	160	(1)
Stage 2: Resistance Stage	161	(1)
Stage 3: Exhaustion Stage	161	(3)
Essential Health of the Paramedic	164	(5)
The Importance of Diet and Nutrition	165	(2)
The Body Needs Plenty of Rest	167	(1)
Preventing Disease in the Paramedic	167	(1)
Paramedic Stress: To Be Managed and Not Eliminated	168	(1)
A Healthy Mental Attitude	168	(1)
Prep Kit	169	(3)
Index	172