People and Issues in Latin American History

by Hanke, Lewis; Rausch, Jane M.

• ISBN13: 9781558760615
• ISBN10: 155876061X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1993-01-01
• Publisher: Markus Wiener Pub

Table of Contents

Section I The Transit of Civilization	3	(46)
THE PORTUGUESE BACKGROUND
Brazil's Portuguese Heritage Should Not Be Forgotten	11	(8)
Stuart B. Schwartz
THE SPANISH BACKGROUND
Spain Transmitted to America Many of Her Medieval Accomplishments	19	(7)
Luis Weckmann
The New World Was a Place of Wonder and Enchantment Populated with Mysterious and Bewildering People	26	(5)
Lewis Hanke
Spaniards Brought Animals, Fruits, Vegetables, and All Manner of Plants	31	(7)
James A. Robertson
THE INFLUENCE OF THE NEW WORLD ON THE OLD
The Impact of America on Europe Was Complex and Uncertain	38	(11)
J. H. Elliott
Section II Was Inca Rule Tyrannical?	49	(34)
FAVORABLE ASSESSMENTS
How the Incas Achieved So Much	55	(3)
Pedro Cieza De Leon
Spaniards Corrupted an Ideal Indian Society	58	(2)
Mancio Sierra De Leguizamo
``The Incas Had Attained to a High State of Perfection. No Thoughtful Man Can Fail to Admire So Noble and Provident a Government''	60	(6)
Garcilaso De La Vega
THE SPANISH JUSTIFICATION FOR CONQUEST
Viceroy Francisco de Toledo's Attack on Inca Rule	66	(10)
Lewis Hanke
A MODERN INTERPRETATION
The Incas Combined the Most Absolute Kind of Despotism with the Greatest Tolerance Toward the Social and Political Order of Its Subject Peoples	76	(7)
Alfred Metraux
Section III Relations Between Indians and Spaniards	83	(54)
THE FIRST CRY FOR JUSTICE IN AMERICA
The Sermons of Friar Antonio de Montesinos, 1511	87	(2)
A FUNDAMENTAL LAW
The Requirement, 1513, a Most Remarkable Document	89	(3)
THE SHOCK OF CONQUEST
The True History of the Conquest of Mexico	92	(8)
Bernal Diaz Del Castillo
The Grief of the Conquered: ``Broken Spears Lie in the Roads''	100	(9)
Miguel Leon Portilla
Francisco Pizarro and His Men on the Road to Cuzco, 1533	109	(6)
John Hemming
INDIAN WOMEN AND SPANISH MEN
The Conquest of Women	115	(5)
Magnus Morner
INTERPRETATIONS
A Seventeenth-Century Defense of Spanish Treatment of the Indians	120	(3)
Juan De Solorzano Y Pereyra
Spanish Exploitation of Indians in Central Mexico	123	(6)
Charles Gibson
The Dawn of Conscience in America	129	(8)
Lewis Hanke
Section IV Population Questions	137	(32)
WHY THE INDIAN POPULATION DECLINED
The Disastrous Effects of Disease	141	(9)
Alfred W. Crosby
Why So Many Indians Died in Mexico and What Effects This Had Upon Their Life and Upon the Building of Churches	150	(9)
George Kubler
The Introduction of Vaccination Against Smallpox to Spanish America	159	(5)
Sherburne F. Cook
POPULATION ESTIMATES
Why Population Estimates Are Important in the Interpretation of Mexican History	164	(5)
Woodrow Borah
Sherburne F. Cook
Section V The Introduction of African Slavery in Spanish America	169	(40)
THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE
``The Greatest Involuntary Migration in Western History''	175	(7)
Ann M. Pescatello
Alonso de Sandoval, The First Advocate of Black Studies in America	182	(7)
Norman Meiklejohn
SLAVERY IN SPANISH AMERICA
A Black Conquistador in Mexico	189	(3)
Peter Gerhard
Africans in Sixteenth-Century Peru	192	(8)
James Lockhart
SLAVE RESISTANCE
Negro Slave Control and Resistance in Colonial Mexico	200	(9)
David M. Davidson
Section VI The Crises of Seventeenth-Century Brazil	209	(48)
THE ``BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY''
Brazil Under Spanish Rule, 1580--1640	213	(7)
Stuart B. Schwartz
THE DUTCH IN BRAZIL
The Humanist Prince Johan Maurits in Recife, 1637--1644	220	(9)
C. R. Boxer
THE AFRICAN THREAT
Palmares: An African Threat in Brazil	229	(8)
R. K. Kent
INDIAN PROBLEMS
Sermon Condemning Indian Slavery, 1653: Report on the Conversion of the Nheengaibas, Letter to Alfonso VI, 1659	237	(10)
Antonio Vieira
The Indian Policy of Portugal in America	247	(10)
Mathias C. Kiemen
Section VII The Development of Society	257	(60)
WOMEN
Spanish Women of the Second Generation in Peru	261	(12)
James Lockhart
Dowries Helped to Reduce Domestic Instability, Illegitimacy, and Prostitution in Bahia	273	(6)
A. J. R. Russell-Wood
Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz: ``The Supreme Poet of Her Time in Castilian''	279	(10)
Irving A. Leonard
ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, RACIAL, AND SOCIAL TENSIONS
Riots in Seventeenth-Century Mexico City	289	(10)
Chester Lyle Guthrie
Tensions Between Spanish- and Spanish-American-Born Friars in Seventeenth-Century Peru	299	(8)
Antonine Tibesar
THE TEXTURE OF URBAN LIFE
The Imperial City of Potosi, Boom Town Supreme	307	(10)
Lewis Hanke
Section VIII Crisis and Climax in the Eighteenth Century	317	(30)
A NINETEENTH-CENTURY OBSERVER
Problems and Progress in Mexico	321	(6)
Alexander Von Humboldt
MODERN INTERPRETATIONS
The Pre-eminent Social Legacy of Colonialism Was the Degradation of the Labor Force, Indian and Negro, Everywhere in Latin America	327	(4)
Stanley J.
Barbara H. Stein
The Three Centuries of Spanish Rule in America Should Not Be Characterized as a ``Tyranny'' or as ``Oppressive''	331	(5)
Philip W. Powell
The Fall of the Spanish-American Empire	336	(11)
R. A. Humphreys
Suggestions for Further Reading and Viewing	347