Pesticide Biotransformation in Plants and Microorganisms Similarities and Divergences

by Hall, J. Christopher; Hoagland, Robert E.; Zablotowicz, R. M.

• ISBN13: 9780841237049
• ISBN10: 0841237042
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-12-28
• Publisher: American Chemical Society

Summary

This volume examines major enzymatic processes involved in pesticide transformation such as hydrolysis, oxidative and reductive metabolism, conjugation and dehalogenation in plants and microbes in the area of xenobiotic metabolism. The molecular biology, enzymology, and regulation of these processes are presented, as well as the use of in vitro cultures of microorganisms and plant tissues to elucidate metabolic pathways of pesticide transformation. Where possible the similarities and differences between enzymes associated with pesticide degradation pathways in microbes and plants are discusses. The text highlights the potential for biorational pesticide design and the limitations of developing synergistic pest control strategies for integrated weed management. The practical implications of plant and microbial biotechnology to manipulate these metabolic transformations to enhance crop production and pest management are also discussed.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Overview
Pesticide Metabolism in Plants and Microorganisms: An Overview	2	(28)
R. E. Hoagland
R. M. Zablotowicz
J. C. Hall
In Vitro Methods for Studying Pesticide Metabolism in Plants and Microorganisms
In Vitro Methods in Metabolism and Environmental Fate Studies	30	(10)
Mark J. Schocken
Metabolic Profiling Using Plant Cell Suspension Cultures	40	(18)
Burkhard Schmidt
Hydrolytic and Conjugative Enzymes Involved in Pesticide Detoxification
The Role of Plant and Microbial Hydrolytic Enzymes in Pesticide Metabolism	58	(31)
Robert E. Hoagland
Robert M. Zablotowicz
Biochemical Conjugation of Pesticides in Plants and Microorganisms: An Overview of Similarities and Divergences	89	(30)
J. Christopher Hall
J. Sue Wickenden
Kerrm Y. F. Yau
Bound Pesticidal Residues in Crop Plants: Chemistry, Bioavailability, and Toxicology	119	(10)
H. Sandermann, Jr.
N. Hertkorn
R. G. May
B. M. Lange
A Review of Strategies to Engineer Plant Tolerance to the Pyridine Herbicides	129	(16)
Paul C. C. Feng
Thomas G. Ruff
Biodegradtion of Pesticides Containing Carbon-to-Phosphorus Bond	145	(21)
Pawel Kafarski
Barbara Lejczak
Giuseppe Forlani
Oxidative and Reductive Enzymes Involved in Pesticide Transformations
Plant and Fungal Cytochrome P-450s: Their Role in Pesticide Transformation	166	(16)
C. P. Mougin
M.-F. Corio-Costet
D. Werck-Reichhart
Use of Enzymes in Bioremediation	182	(12)
Jerzy Dec
Jean-Marc Bollag
Transformation of Nitroaromatic Pesticides and Related Xenobiotics by Microorganisms and Plants	194	(24)
Robert M. Zablotowicz
Robert E. Hoagland
Hung Lee
T. Alber
Jack T. Trevors
J. Christopher Hall
Martin A. Locke
Glutathione S-Transfereases and Bacterial Dehalogenating Systems
Functions and Regulation of Plant Glutathione S-Transferases	218	(22)
K. K. Hatzios
Bacterial Glutathione S-Transferases and the Detoxification of Xenobiotics: Dehalogenation through Glutathione Conjugation and Beyond	240	(13)
Stephane Vuilleumier
Enzymologica Studies on Recombinant Isoforms of Glutathione S-Transferase from Corn	253	(15)
Alfred Sommer
Peter Boger
Genetics of Atrazine and s-Triazine Degration by Pseudomonas sp. Strain ADP and Other Bacteria	268	(15)
Michael J. Sadowsky
Lawrence P. Wackett
Microbial Reductive Dehalogenation in the Rhizosphere	283	(27)
Andrei L. Barkovskii
Regulation of Plant and Microbial Pesticide Metabolism
Effects of Chemical Safeners on Herbicide Action and Metabolism in Plants	310	(23)
Ryan J. L. Ramsey
Frank L. Mena
Gerald R. Stephenson
Metabolism of Xenobiotics in the Rhizosphere	333	(20)
D. E. Crowley
R. Luepromchai
A. Singer
Designing Herbicide Tolerance Based on Metabolic Alteration: The Challenges and the Future	353	(23)
Dale L. Shaner
Berhane Tecle
Factors Affecting Pesticide Use
Non-Traditional Concepts of $ynergy for Evaluating Integrated Pest Management	376	(21)
Micheal Owen
Jonathan Gressel
Chloropropionic Acid Photoreduction in Solutions of Na2S and Quinones	397
Kenley K. Ngim
Donald G. Crosby
Indexes
Author Index	407
Subject Index	409