Pheromones and Animal Behaviour: Communication by Smell and Taste

by Tristram D. Wyatt

• ISBN13: 9780521480680
• ISBN10: 052148068X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-03-24
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

We are entering one of the most exciting periods in the study of chemical communication since the first pheromones were identified some 40 years ago. This rapid progress is reflected in this book, the first to cover the whole animal kingdom at this level for 25 years. The importance of chemical communication is illustrated with examples from a diverse range of animals including humans, marine copepods, Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, moths, snakes, goldfish, elephants and mice. It is designed to be advanced and up-to-date, but at the same time accessible to readers whatever their scientific background. For students of ecology, evolution and behaviour, this book gives an introduction to the rapid progress in our understanding of olfaction at the molecular and neurological level. In addition, it offers chemists, molecular and neurobiologists an insight into the ecological, evolutionary and behavioural context of olfactory communication.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Acknowledgements	xiv
1 Animals in a chemical world	1	(22)
1.1 Introduction	1	(1)
1.2 What are pheromones?	1	(5)
1.3 Evolution of chemical cues into signals	6	(3)
1.4 secretory organs for pheromones	9	(3)
1.5 Functional signal design: contrasting different signal modalities	12	(4)
1.6 Specificity	16	(1)
1.7 Composite signals: pheromones working in concert with other modalities	17	(1)
1.8 Primer and releaser pheromones	18	(2)
1.9 Cost of signalling	20	(2)
1.10 Pheromones in humans?	22	(1)
1.11 Conclusion	22	(1)
1.12 Further reading	22	(1)
2 Discovering pheromones	23	(14)
2.1 Introduction	23	(2)
2.2 How are pheromones identified?	25	(1)
2.3 Bioassays	25	(4)
2.4 Collection of chemical signals	29	(2)
2.5 separating the chemicals, finding the active components, and identífyíng them	31	(3)
2.6 Multi-component pheromones and synergy	34	(1)
2.7 New tools in pheromone research	35	(1)
2.8 Conclusion	36	(1)
2.9 Further reading	36	(1)
3 Sex pheromones: finding and choosing mates	37	(37)
3.1 Introduction	37	(1)
3.2 Mate choice and sexual selection	38	(2)
3.3 Which sex should call?	40	(1)
3.4 External fertilisation and chemical duets	41	(2)
3.5 Sexual selection, scramble and contest	43	(3)
3.6 Sexual selection, mate quality and courtship	46	(11)
3.7 Leks	57	(2)
3.8 Conflict between the sexes revealed in signalling	59	(1)
3.9 Alternative mating strategies	60	(1)
3.10 Sperm competition and mate guarding	61	(3)
3.11 Sex pheromones and speciation	64	(8)
3.12 Conclusion	72	(1)
3.13 Further reading	73	(1)
4 Coming together and keeping apart: aggregation and host-marking pheromones	74	(13)
4.1 Introduction	74	(1)
4.2 Aggregation pheromones and Allee effects, the advantages of group living	74	(9)
4.3 Host-marking pheromones	83	(2)
4.4 Conclusion	85	(1)
4.5 Further reading	86	(1)
5 Scent marking and territorial behaviour 87
5.1 Introduction	87	(3)
5.2 Why scent mark?	90	(1)
5.3 Scent fence hypothesis	91	(1)
5.4 scent matching hypothesis	91	(5)
5.5 Border maintenance hypothesis	96	(1)
5.6 Economics of scent marking patterns in territories	97	(2)
5.7 Dear enemies	99	(1)
5.8 Over-marking	99	(1)
5.9 Scent marking in non-territorial mammals	100	(1)
5.10 Conclusion	101	(1)
5.11 Further reading	101	(1)
6 Pheromones and social organisation	102	(27)
6.1 Introduction	102	(1)
6.2 Colony, kin, family and individual recognition	103	(10)
6.3 Pheromones and reproduction in social groups: control or signalling?	113	(15)
6.4 Conclusion	128	(1)
6.5 Further reading	128	(1)
7 Pheromones and recruitment communication	129	(17)
7.1 Introduction	129	(4)
7.2 Foraging ecology and evolution of recruitment communication	133	(8)
7.3 Social insects as self-organising systems	141	(3)
7.4 Conclusion	144	(1)
7.5 Further reading	145	(1)
8 Fight or flight: alarm pheromones	146	(18)
8.1 Introduction	146	(1)
8.2 Evolution of alarm signals between related individuals	147	(10)
8.3 Evolution of alarm signals in unrelated individuals	157	(5)
8.4 Conclusion	162	(1)
8.5 Further reading	163	(1)
9 Perception and action of pheromones: from receptor molecules to brains and behaviour	164	(42)
9.1 Introduction	164	(2)
9.2 Chemical cues: perception and interpretation by the brain	166	(12)
9.3 Vertebrate dual olfactory system	178	(8)
9.4 Moths and sex pheromones	186	(2)
9.5 Factors affecting behavioural and physiological responses to pheromones	188	(4)
9.6 Primer pheromones and reproduction	192	(6)
9.7 Olfactory cues and recognition learning	198	(4)
9.8 Developmental paths or metamorphosis prompted by pheromones	202	(3)
9.9 Conclusion	205	(1)
9.10 Further reading	205	(1)
10 Finding the source: pheromones and orientation behaviour	206	(23)
10.1 Introduction	206	(1)
10.2 Investigating orientation behaviour mechanisms	207	(2)
10.3 Ranging behaviour: search strategies for finding odour plumes, trails or gradients	209	(1)
10.4 Finding the source: orientation to pheromones	210	(17)
10.5 Conclusion	227	(1)
10.6 Further reading	228	(1)
11 Breaking the code: illicit signallers and receivers of semiochemical signals	229	(22)
11.1 Introduction	229	(1)
11.2 Eavesdropping	230	(7)
11.3 Chemical communication in mutualisms	237	(3)
11.4 Deception by aggressive mimicry of sex pheromones	240	(1)
11.5 Propaganda	241	(3)
11.6 specialist relationships of predators, guests and parasites of social insects	244	(5)
11.7 Conclusion	249	(1)
11.8 Further reading	249	(2)
12 Using pheromones: applications	251	(19)
12.1 Introduction	251	(1)
12.2 Pheromones used with beneficial and domestic animals	251	(4)
12.3 Pheromones in pest management	255	(12)
12.4 Pest resistance to pheromones?	267	(1)
12.5 Commercialisation - problems and benefits of pheromones	267	(2)
12.6 Conclusion	269	(1)
12.7 Further reading	269	(1)
13 On the scent of human attraction: human pheromones?	270	(32)
13.1 Introduction	270	(3)
13.2 Cultural and social aspects of odours and humans	273	(1)
13.3 Evidence that olfaction is important in human behaviour and biology	274	(11)
13.4 Candidate compounds for human pheromone odours	285	(6)
13.5 Perception of odours	291	(4)
13.6 Putting human odours to use: applications	295	(4)
13.7 Conclusion	299	(1)
13.8 Further reading	300	(2)
Appendix A1 An introduction to pheromones for non-chemists	302	(2)
Appendix A2 Isomers and pheromones	304	(5)
Appendix A3 Further reading on pheromone chemical structure	309	(1)
References	310	(49)
List of credits	359	(12)
Index	371