Phonics, Phonemic Awareness, and Word Analysis for Teachers

by Wilson, Robert M.; Hall, Mary Anne; Leu, Donald J.; Kinzer, Charles K.

• ISBN13: 9780130181718
• ISBN10: 0130181714
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Spiral Bound
• Copyright: 2001-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

This practical self-study guide provides a strong foundation for phonemic awareness, phonics, and word analysis--and enables future and practicing teachers to update their knowledge, prepare for teacher certification, or study for competency tests. Learners are able to go through the text on their own and master the concepts and terminology of word analysis, and then demonstrate their knowledge by passing a short test on its contents. The book provides important information about a wide range of word analysis including phonic generalizations with high utility, morphemic and structural analysis, and using a dictionary. It also examines sound-letter relationships, the spelling patterns of language, and the language processing strategies useful to children. For teachers who are students of reading methods.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Recognizing Words: Helping Children Develop Word Analysis Strategies	1	(12)
Phonological Awareness	2	(1)
Phonemic Awareness	2	(1)
Phonics	2	(1)
Context Use	3	(1)
Sight Word Knowledge	3	(1)
Morphemic and Structural Analysis	4	(1)
Dictionary Skills	4	(6)
Self Check for Chapter One	10	(3)
The Early Stages: Phonological and Phonemic Awareness	13	(6)
Self Check for Chapter Two	17	(2)
Phonics: Onset, Rime, and Consonant Patterns	19	(20)
Onset: Initial Consonant Letters	20	(2)
Rime	22	(1)
Table 1. The Thirty-Seven Most Common Rime Patterns	22	(1)
Consonant Patterns	23	(13)
Self Check for Chapter Three	36	(3)
Phonics: Vowels	39	(10)
Single Vowels	40	(2)
Vowel Clusters	42	(2)
Vowel Generalizations	44	(3)
Self Check for Chapter Four	47	(2)
Context	49	(10)
The Importance and Use of Context	50	(1)
Using Context to Check Word Analysis	51	(1)
Using Context with Other Word Analysis Techniques	52	(1)
Using Context as a Basic Word Analysis Technique to Determine Meaning	53	(3)
Limitations of the Use of Context Clues	56	(1)
Self-Check for Chapter Five	57	(2)
Sight Words	59	(6)
The Development of Sight Word Knowledge	59	(2)
Figure 1. Dolch List of Basic Sight Words	61	(2)
Self-Check for Chapter Six	63	(2)
Developmental Spelling Patterns	65	(12)
Figure 1. The Leu and Kinzer developmental spelling checklist	67	(1)
The Precommunicative Phase	68	(1)
Figure 2. An example of a child's writing from the precommunicative phase	68	(1)
The Semiphonetic Phase	69	(1)
Figure 3. An example of a child's writing from the semiphonetic phase	69	(1)
The Phonetic Phase	70	(1)
Figure 4. An example of a child's writing from the phonetic phase	71	(1)
The Transitional Phase	72	(1)
Figure 5. An example of a child's writing from the transitional phase	72	(1)
The Standard Phase	73	(1)
Figure 6. An example of a child's writing from the standard phase	73	(1)
Self-Check for Chapter Seven	74	(3)
Morphemic and Structural Analysis	77	(22)
Understanding Affixes	78	(6)
Self Check for Inflected Endings (Suffixes)	84	(1)
Syllabication	85	(7)
Self Check for Syllabication	92	(5)
Self Check for Pronunciation Generalizations	97	(2)
Using the Dictionary	99	(8)
Locating Words in a Dictionary	100	(1)
Using a Dictionary to Help Determine Pronunciation	101	(2)
Using a Dictionary to Help Determine Meaning	103	(1)
Self Check for Chapter Nine	104	(3)
Posttest I	107	(6)
Posttest II	113	(6)
References	119

Excerpts

Preface This edition marks the beginning of a new author team for this classic work. As we wrote this edition, we kept the best of the past and we added important new areas: phonological and phonemic awareness, onset and rime patterns, context, sight word knowledge, and insights made possible by knowing developmental spelling phases. Our purpose in this edition is to provide practical information about phonemic awareness, phonics, and word analysis for preservice teacher education students and for those in-service teachers who are updating their knowledge or preparing for examinations. This self-paced tutorial allows students to learn the important aspects of phonics, phonemic awareness, and word analysis independently. As students complete their reading, they can check their understanding with "self-checks" at the end of each chapter and two separate posttests at the end of the book. Acquiring the insights necessary for effective reading instruction requires extensive reading, study, and practice. The course time normally needed for teaching content about phonemic awareness, phonics, and word analysis included here can instead be devoted to other material. Most students go through this text on their own and then demonstrate their knowledge by passing an exam on its contents. While we focus on phonics, phonemic awareness, and word analysis in this book, it is important to be clear about the relationship between word analysis strategies and meaning construction. Meaning must be the focus of all reading, and word analysis should be viewed as one of many strategies necessary for constructing meaning from printed language. We believe that word analysis strategies are important in a balanced program of reading, especially in the early stages, but it is also important to keep in mind that readers bring meaning to their texts as they decode the meaning in printed materials. We feel that teachers need information about a wide range of word analysis strategies: phonological and phonemic awareness, onset and rime patterns, phonic generalizations with high utility, context use, sight word knowledge, developmental spelling phases, morphemic and structural analysis, and using a dictionary. In learning to read, children must acquire effective strategies for recognizing unfamiliar words. Each child, however, is an individual. No single strategy will meet the needs of every child in a classroom. We believe that children learn best when they have an insightful teacher who is capable of making professional judgments about what each child requires. We also believe that the information in this text will help you to develop the insights about word analysis that are so critical to children starting off successfully on their reading journeys. After you are familiar with the content presented here, we recommend that you study procedures and materials for teaching phonics, phonemic awareness, and word analysis to students. We also recommend that you investigate diagnostic instruments that assess learners' application of reading strategies and identify the instructional needs of individuals. We recommend, too, that you keep abreast of research on this topic in order to make the best decisions about what to teach your students. CHANGES IN THIS EDITION In this edition, we have made a number of additions, including completely new chapters on: phonological awareness and phonemic awareness onset and rime context sight words developmental spelling patterns We have also completely revised previous chapters, including the division of the phonics chapter into separate chapters on consonants and vowels. Each chapter now has a review section. We have also added two final posttests for your use. You may use one as a pretest before beginning the book or use the second posttest to provide you with an additional review experience. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS