Planning Local Economic Development : Theory and Practice

by Blakely, Edward; Bradshaw, Ted

• ISBN13: 9780761924586
• ISBN10: 0761924582
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-05-22
• Publisher: Sage Publications, Inc

Summary

Since the appearance of the First Edition in 1990, Planning Local Economic Development has become the foundation for an entire generation of planners and academics teaching planning. Building on the success of its predecessors, the Third Edition continues to explore the theories of local economic development and address the dilemmas communities face. Blakely and Bradshaw investigate planning processes, analytical techniques, business and human resource development, as well as high-technology economic development strategies. Written by academics with many years of regional and city planning experience, this book will prove invaluable to professors of economic development, urban studies, and public administration. Economic development specialists in local and municipal government, as well as nonprofit organizations, will also find this an essential reference. New to this Edition: Case studies, illustrations, and exercises demonstrate how each theory can be employed in a real-world setting Sample resource materials facilitate the development and design of program plans New arguments for implementing local economic development initiatives Thoroughly updated to reflect the financial boom of the 1990s and subsequent collapse, the policies of the Clinton and George W. Bush administrations, and the aftermath of September 11

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Overview	xiii
A New Argument for Taking Local Economic Development Initiatives	1	(28)
The Shift to a New Economy	1	(3)
Attributes of the New Economy	4	(3)
Job Migration Trends	7	(1)
Community Successes in the New Economy	8	(1)
Old Problems in the New Economy	9	(5)
A Deeply Divided Labor Force	14	(8)
The Role of Local Economic Development	22	(2)
Conclusion	24	(2)
References and Suggested Readings	26	(3)
Toward a National and State Policy Agenda	29	(24)
National Economic Policies	29	(13)
State Economic Development Approaches	42	(5)
Challenges and Opportunities Inherent in Third-Wave Policy Making	47	(1)
Conclusion	48	(2)
References and Suggested Readings	50	(3)
Concepts and Theories of Local Economic Development	53	(22)
Theories of Growth and Development	55	(11)
Toward a New Synthesis: A Reformulation of Local Economic Development Components	66	(4)
Conclusion	70	(2)
References and Suggested Readings	72	(3)
The Local Economic Development Planning Process	75	(28)
Preliminary Tasks of Local Economic Development Planning	76	(2)
The Six Phases of Planning	78	(2)
Managing Planning Resources in the Community	80	(4)
Selecting a Local Economic Development Role	84	(4)
Typology of Planning Approaches	88	(7)
Features of Local Economic Development Planning	95	(2)
Conclusion	97	(1)
Putting It All Together: Creating a Local Economic Development Strategy (Part I)	97	(4)
References and Suggested Readings	101	(2)
Analytical Techniques for Planning Local Development	103	(52)
Information and Analytical Requirements for Development Planning	104	(7)
Examining Analytical Techniques and Tools	111	(38)
Conclusion	149	(1)
Putting It All Together: Creating a Local Economic Development Strategy (Part II)	149	(3)
References and Suggested Readings	152	(3)
Selecting a Local Economic Development Strategy	155	(24)
The Goals of Local Economic Development	158	(2)
Prerequisites for Successful Strategy Formulation	160	(1)
Selecting Strategic Options	161	(4)
Common Traps in Strategy Formulation	165	(2)
Assembling the Elements of a Strategy	167	(1)
Projects From Strategies	168	(7)
Project Finance	175	(1)
Summary and Conclusion	176	(1)
References and Suggested Readings	176	(3)
Locality Development	179	(38)
Landbanking and Community Land Trusts	181	(2)
Physical Infrastructure Development on Industrial and Commercial Land	183	(1)
Speculative Buildings	184	(1)
Zoning Regulations	185	(2)
Business Improvement Districts	187	(1)
Regulatory Improvement Through Simplification	188	(1)
Tourism Planning	189	(2)
Townscaping	191	(2)
Shopsteading	193	(1)
Housing and Neighborhood Improvement	194	(2)
Community Services	196	(17)
Summary and Conclusion	213	(2)
References and Suggested Readings	215	(2)
Business Development	217	(34)
Creating a Good Business Climate	220	(1)
One-Stop Business Assistance Centers	221	(1)
Start-Up Venture Financing Companies and Development Banks	222	(3)
Small Business Development Centers	225	(2)
Group Marketing Systems	227	(2)
Micro-Enterprise	229	(1)
Women's Enterprises	229	(1)
Promotion and Tourism Programs	230	(2)
Research and Development	232	(1)
Enterprise Zones	233	(1)
New Entrepreneur Development Activities	234	(1)
Summary and Conclusion	235	(13)
References and Suggested Readings	248	(3)
Human Resource Development	251	(30)
Realities of an Undertrained Workforce	252	(2)
The Public Role in Workforce Development	254	(4)
Goals of Human Resource Programs	258	(1)
Matching Human Resource Programs and Economic Development Objectives	259	(8)
Implementing a Human Resource Development Strategy	267	(1)
Summary and Conclusion	267	(12)
References and Suggested Readings	279	(2)
Community-Based Economic and Employment Development	281	(30)
Community Development Corporations	283	(5)
Community Cooperatives	288	(2)
Local Enterprise Agencies	290	(1)
Employee/Worker Ownership	291	(1)
Targeting and Marketing Neighborhood/Community Assets	292	(15)
Summary and Conclusion	307	(1)
References and Suggested Readings	308	(3)
Preparing a Detailed Project Plan	311	(30)
Assessing Project Viability	312	(2)
Detailed Feasibility Studies	314	(18)
Organizational Design	332	(3)
Developing Monitoring and Evaluation Programs	335	(3)
Summary and Conclusion	338	(1)
References and Suggested Readings	339	(2)
Institutional Approaches for Local Economic Development	341	(14)
Organizational Requirements for Local Development	342	(3)
The Economic Development Specialist	345	(1)
Institutional Approaches to Local Economic Development	346	(1)
A Typology of Development Organizations	347	(4)
Public-Private Partnerships	351	(2)
Summary and Conclusion	353	(1)
References and Suggested Readings	353	(2)
The High-Technology Economic Development Strategy	355	(20)
The Technology Development Process	358	(3)
The Soft Infrastructure	361	(2)
Inducing the High-Tech Base	363	(10)
Summary and Conclusion	373	(1)
References and Suggested Readings	374	(1)
The Local Economic Development Profession and Professionals	375	(12)
In Search of a Professional Identity	377	(1)
The Community	378	(1)
The Organization	379	(1)
The Task Functions	380	(2)
The Clients	382	(1)
The Professional Roles	383	(1)
Economic Development Careers	384	(1)
Summary and Conclusion	385	(1)
References and Suggested Readings	385	(2)
Author Index	387	(2)
Subject Index	389	(9)
About the Authors	398