Plant Responses to Air Pollution And Global Change

by Omasa, Kenji; Nouchi, I.; De Kok, L. J.

• ISBN13: 9784431310136
• ISBN10: 4431310134
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-08-30
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

The main impetus for climate change is the elevated concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide and air pollutants arise largely from the same industrial sources and are diffused throughout the world, so that air pollution is also part of global change. The impacts on plants have complex interrelationships and lead to changes in land cover and atmospheric and soil environments. Plant metabolism of CO2 and air pollutants and gas fluxes in plant ecosystems influence global gas cycles as well. This book includes current topics on plant metabolism of air pollutants and elevated CO2, responses of whole plants and plant ecosystems, genetics and molecular biology for functioning improvement, experimental ecosystems and climate change research, global carbon-cycle monitoring in plant ecosystems, and other important issues. The authors, conducting research in Europe, the United States, Australia, and East Asia, present a wealth of information on their work in the field.

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Contributors	xi
I. Plant Responses to Air Pollution
Metabolism of atmospheric sulfur gases in onion	3	(10)
Mark Durenkamp
Freek S. Posthumus
C. Elisabeth E. Stuiver
Luit J. De Kok
Impact of atmospheric NH3 deposition on plant growth and functioning -- a case study with Brassica oleracea L.	13	(8)
Ana Castro
Ineke Stulen
Luit J. De Kok
How sensitive are forest trees to ozone? - New research on an old issue	21	(8)
Rainer Matyssek
Gerhard Wieser
Angela J. Nunn
Markus Low
Christiane Then
Karin Herbinger
Manuela Blumenrother
Sascha Jehnes
Ilja M. Reiter
Christian Heerdt
Nina Koch
Karl-Heinz Haberle
Kris Haberer
Herbert Werner
Michael Tausz
Peter Fabian
Heinz Rennenberg
Dieter Grill
Wolfgang Oßwald
Northern conditions enhance the susceptibility of birch (Betula pendula Roth) to oxidative stress caused by ozone	29	(8)
Elina Oksanen
Physiological responses of trees to air pollutants at high elevation sites	37	(8)
Dieter Grill
Hardy Pfanz
Bohumir Lomsky
Andrzej Bytnerowicz
Nancy E. Grulke
Michael Tausz
Complex assessment of forest condition under air pollution impacts	45	(8)
Tatiana A. Mikhailova
Nadezhda S. Berezhnaya
Olga V. Ignatieva
Larisa V. Afanasieva
Evaluation of the ozone-related risk for Austrian forests	53	(10)
Friedl Herman
Stefan Smidt
Wolfgang Loibl
Harald R. Bolhar-Nordenkampf
Causes of differences in response of plant species to nitrogen supply and the ecological consequences	63	(10)
David W. Lawlor
II. Plant Responses to Climate Change
Long-term effects of elevated CO2 on sour orange trees	73	(8)
Bruce A. Kimball
Sherwood B. Idso
Plant responses to climate change: impacts and adaptation	81	(8)
David W. Lawlor
Effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentration on wood structure and formation in trees	89	(12)
Ken'ichi Yazaki
Yutaka Maruyama
Shigeta Mori
Takayoshi Koike
Ryo Funada
III. Plant Responses to Combination of Air Pollution and Climate Change
Carbon dioxide and ozone affect needle nitrogen and abscission in Pinus ponderosa	101	(10)
David M. Olszyk
David T. Tingey
William E. Hogsett
E. Henry Lee
Effects of air pollution and climate change on forests of the Tatra Mountains	111	(14)
Central Europe
Peter Fleischer
Barbara Godzik
Svetlana Bicarova
Andrzej Bytnerowicz
IV. Genetics and Molecular Biology for Functioning Improvement
MAPK signalling and plant cell survival in response to oxidative environmental stress	125	(8)
Marcus A. Samuel
Godfrey P. Miles
Brian E. Ellis
Expression of cyanobacterial ictB in higher plants enhanced photosynthesis and growth	133	(8)
Judy Lieman-Hurwitz
Leonid Asipov
Shimon Rachmilevitch
Yehouda Marcus
Aaron Kaplan
Improvement of photosynthesis in higher plants	141	(8)
Masahiro Tamoi
Shigeru Shigeoka
Modification of CO2 fixation of photosynthetic prokaryote	149	(8)
Akira Wadano
Manabu Tsukamoto
Yoshihisa Nakano
Toshio Iwaki
Specificity of diatom Rubisco	157	(8)
Richard P. Haslam
Alfred J. Keys
P. John Andralojc
Pippa J. Madgwick
Inger Andersson
Anette Grimsrud
Hans C. Eilertsen
Martin A.J. Parry
Regulation of CO2 fixation in non-sulfur purple photosynthetic bacteria	165	(8)
Simona Romagnoli
F. Robert Tabita
V. Experimental Ecosystem and Climate Change Research
Experimental ecosystem and climate change research in controlled environments: lessons from the Biosphere 2 Laboratory 1996-2003	173	(12)
Barry Osmond
Importance of air movement for promoting gas and heat exchanges between plants and atmosphere under controlled environments	185	(10)
Yoshiaki Kitaya
Pros and cons of CO2 springs as experimental sites	195	(10)
Elena Paoletti
Hardy Pfanz
Antonio Raschi
VI. Global Carbon Cycles in Ecosystem and Assessment of Climate Change Impacts
Carbon dynamics in response to climate and disturbance: Recent progress from multi-scale measurements and modeling in AmeriFlux	205	(10)
Beverly Law
Synthetic analysis of the CO2 fluxes at various forests in East Asia	215	(12)
Susumu Yamamoto
Nobuko Saigusa
Shohei Murayama
Minoru Gamo
Yoshikazu Ohtani
Yoshiko Kosugi
Makoto Tani
3-D remote sensing of woody canopy height and carbon stocks by helicopter-borne scanning lidar	227	(8)
Kenji Omasa
Fumiki Hosoi
Assessments of climate change impacts on the terrestrial ecosystem in Japan using the Bio-Geographical and GeoChemical (BGGC) Model	235	(8)
Yo Shimizu
Tomohiro Hajima
Kenji Omasa
VII. Air Pollution and Global Change in Asia
Establishing critical levels of air pollutants for protecting East Asian vegetation -- A challenge	243	(8)
Yoshihisa Kohno
Hideyuki Matsumura
Takashi Ishii
Takeshi Izuta
Major activities of acid deposition monitoring network in East Asia (EANET) and related studies	251	(10)
Tsumugu Totsuka
Hiroyuki Sase
Hideyuki Shimizu
Land degradation and blown-sand disaster in China	261	(10)
Pei-Jun Shi
Hideyuki Shimizu
Jing-Ai Wang
Lian-You Liu
Xiao-Yan Li
Yi-Da Fan
Yun-Jiang Yu
Hai-Kun Jia
Yanzhi Zhao
Lei Wang
Yang Song
Impact of meteorological fields and surface conditions on Asian dust	271	(6)
Seiji Sugata
Masataka Nishikawa
Nobuo Sugimoto
Ikuko Mori
Atsushi Shimizu
A case study on combating desertification at a small watershed in the hills-gully area of loess plateau, China	277	(8)
Junliang Tian
Puling Liu
Hideyuki Shimizu
Shinobu Inanaga
A recipe for sustainable agriculture in drylands	285	(10)
Shinobu Inanaga
A. Egrinya Eneji
Ping An
Hideyuki Shimizu
Index	295