Playing It Safe : How the Supreme Court Sidesteps Hard Cases and Stunts the Development of Law

by Kloppenberg, Lisa A.

• ISBN13: 9780814747407
• ISBN10: 081474740X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-07-01
• Publisher: New York University Press

Summary

Playing it Safe, How the Supreme Court Sidesteps Hard Cases and Stunts the Development of Law is a book that will not only entertain but also remind us of the fact that many of the Court's most interesting decisions come not in its published written opinions addressing the merits of a case, but in their decisions not to hear a case based on purely procedural rationales. Recommended.-- New York Law JournalKloppenberg has provided the first sustained attack on the long-standing judicial practice of avoidance in at least a generation...her argument deserves careful attention.--Cass Sunstein, New Republic, 10/01It is one of the unspoken truths of the American judicial system that courts go out of their way to avoid having to decide important and controversial issues. Even the Supreme Court --from which the entire nation seeks guidance --frequently engages in transparent tactics to avoid difficult, politically sensitive cases.[A] well-informed book.-- ChoiceThe Court's reliance on avoidance has been inconsistent and at times politically motivated. For example, liberal New Deal Justices, responding to the activism of a conservative Court, promoted deference to Congress and the presidency to protect the Court from political pressure. Likewise, as the Warren Court recognized new constitutional rights, conservative judges and critics praised avoidance as a foundational rule of judicial restraint. And as conservative Justices have constituted the majority on the Court in recent years, many liberals and moderates have urged avoidance, for fear of disagreeable verdicts.By sharing the stories of litigants who struggled unsuccessfully to raise before the Supreme Court constitutional matters of the utmost importance from the 1970s-1990s, Playing it Safe argues that judges who fail to exercise their power in hard cases in effect abdicate their constitutional responsibility when it is needed most, and in so doing betray their commitment to neutrality. Lisa Kloppenberg demonstrates how the Court often avoids socially sensitive cases, such as those involving racial and ethnic discrimination, gender inequalities, abortion restrictions, sexual orientation discrimination, and environmental abuses. In the process, the Court ducks its responsibility to check the more politically responsive branches of government when majority rule pushes the boundaries of constitutional law. The Court has not used these malleable doctrines evenhandedly: it has actively shielded states from liability and national oversight, and aggressively expanded standing requirements to limit the role of federal courts.

Author Biography

Lisa A. Kloppenberg is Dean of the University of Dayton School of Law.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	xi
Introduction	1	(16)
The Court Avoids Scrutinizing ``Official English'' Mandate	17	(22)
The Court Grapples with Congress and Standing Hurdles in Environmental Cases	39	(28)
The Court Uses Standing to Discourage Redress for Racial Wrongs	67	(26)
Avoiding Selected Affirmative Action Challenges	93	(54)
Coming Out of the Constitutional Closet	147	(41)
Avoiding Gender Equality	188	(50)
The Court's Aggressive Expansion of States' Rights	238	(33)
Conclusion: Looking toward the Future: A Presumption against Avoidance	271	(8)
Notes	279	(24)
Index	303	(5)
About the Author	308