Pocket Guide to Clinical Microbiology

by Murray, Patrick R., Ph.D.; Shea, Yvonne R.

• ISBN13: 9781555812881
• ISBN10: 1555812880
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-05-01
• Publisher: Amer Society for Microbiology

Summary

The reorganized and updated Pocket Guide to Clinical Microbiology, Third Edition, continues to present valuable quick-reference information to the clinical microbiology community in a small package. Easily portable, this new guide retains the format of the previous two editions--condensed information on detection and identification of clinically important microbes. The new edition introduces a second author, specifically on the mycology and mycobacteriology sections, and reflects changes in taxonomy and the emergence of new pathogens and diseases. Reorganization efforts yield the integration of information into separate diagnostic sections, covering bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Another added feature is the increased use of summary tables, which results in a user-friendly Pocket Guide. The third edition is specifically organized to complement the Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 8th Edition. Beyond its utility as a handy laboratory resource, the Pocket Guid

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Taxonomic Classification of Medically Important Microorganisms	1	(20)
General Comments	2	(1)
Taxonomic Classification of Bacteria	2	(7)
Taxonomic Classification of Human Viruses	9	(3)
Taxonomic Classification of Fungi	12	(3)
Taxonomic Classification of Parasites	15	(6)
Indigenous and Pathogenic Microbes of Humans	21	(66)
General Comments	22	(2)
Human Indigenous Flora	24	(40)
Microbes Responsible for Human Disease	36	(23)
Summary of Notifiable Infectious Diseases: United States, 2002	59	(2)
HHS and USDA Agents and Toxins	61	(3)
Arthropod Vectors of Medically Important Diseases	64	(3)
Fungal Pathogens and Geographic Distribution	67	(9)
Parasitic Pathogens and Geographic Distribution	76	(11)
Specimen Collection and Transport	87	(42)
General Comments	88	(2)
Bacteriology: Collection and Transport Guidelines	90	(20)
Specimen Collection and Transport Guidelines for Infrequently Encountered Bacteria	110	(2)
Guidelines for Collection of Specimens for Anaerobic Culture	112	(5)
Virology: General Specimen Guidelines	112	(1)
Virology: Specific Specimen Guidelines	113	(4)
Mycology: Collection and Transport Guidelines	117	(4)
Parasitology: Specimen Guidelines	121	(3)
Guidelines for Processing Stool Specimens for Parasites	124	(3)
Agents of Bioterrorism: Specimen Guidelines	127	(2)
Bacterial Diagnosis	129	(104)
General Comments	130	(1)
Detection Methods for Bacteria	131	(4)
Recommendations for Gram Stain and Plating Media	135	(3)
Screening Specimens for Routine Bacterial Culture	138	(1)
Processing Specimens for Mycobacterial Identification	139	(43)
Microscopy	140	(2)
Primary Plating Media: Bacteria	142	(14)
Primary Plating Media: Mycobacteria	156	(4)
Specific Diagnostic Tests	160	(1)
Aerobic Gram-Positive Cocci	160	(2)
Aerobic Gram-Positive Rods	162	(1)
Acid-Fast and Partially Acid-Fast Gram-Positive Rods	163	(1)
Aerobic Gram-Negative Cocci	164	(1)
Aerobic Gram-Negative Rods	165	(8)
Anaerobic Bacteria	173	(2)
Curved and Spiral-Shaped Bacteria	175	(2)
Mycoplasma spp. and Obligate Intracellular Bacteria	177	(3)
General Comments about Molecular Methods for the Identification of Bacteria	180	(2)
Identification Tables	182	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Catalase-Positive Gram-Positive Cocci	182	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Common Staphylococcus Species	183	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci	184	(2)
Differential Characteristics of Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci	186	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Viridans Streptococci	187	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Common Enterococcus Species	188	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Gram-Positive Rods	189	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Corynebacterium Species	190	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Coryneform Bacteria	191	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Bacillus Species and Related Genera	192	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Actinomycetes	193	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Nocardia Species	194	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Weakly Acid-Fast Rhodococcus, Gordonia, and Tsukamurella Species	195	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Nonchromogenic, Slow-Growing Mycobacterium Species	196	(2)
Differential Characteristics of Chromogenic, Slow-Growing Mycobacterium Species	198	(2)
Differential Characteristics of Rapidly Growing Mycobacterium Species	200	(2)
Carbohydrate Utilization Tests of Common Rapidly Growing Mycobacterium Species	202	(1)
Differential Characteristics of the Gram-Negative Neisseria and Moraxella Species	203	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Members of the Neisseriaceae	204	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Pasteurella Species	205	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Capnocytophaga, Dysgonomonas, Chromobacterium, and Streptobacillus Species	206	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Haemophilus Species	207	(1)
Differential Characteristics of H. aphrophilus, H. paraphrophilus, and Some Related Species	208	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Members of the Enterobacteriaceae	209	(2)
Differential Characteristics of Citrobacter Species	211	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Enterobacter and Pantoea Species	212	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Klebsiella and Raoultella Species	213	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella Species	214	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Yersinia Species after Incubation at 25°C for 48 h	215	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Aeromonas Species	216	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Vibrio Species	217	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Pseudomonas Species	218	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Ralstonia Species	219	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Brevundimonas, Delftia, Comamonas, and Stenotrophomonas Species	220	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Rods	221	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Oxidase-Negative, Oxidative, Gram-Negative Rods	222	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Oxidase-Positive, Oxidative, Gram-Negative Rods	223	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Oxidase-Positive, Nonoxidative, Gram-Negative Rods	224	(2)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Campylobacter, Arcobacter, and Helicobacter Species	226	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Non-Spore-Forming, Anaerobic, Gram-Positive Rods	227	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Actinomyces and Propionibacterium Species	228	(1)
Differential Characteristics of Selected Clostridium Species	229	(2)
Differential Characteristics of Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria	231	(1)
Differential Characteristics of the Bacteroides fragilis Group	232	(1)
Viral Diagnosis	233	(22)
General Comments	234	(1)
Detection Methods for Viruses	235	(3)
Cells Used for Viral Isolation	238	(17)
Specific Diagnostic Tests	239	(1)
RNA Viruses	239	(8)
DNA Viruses	247	(5)
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies	252	(3)
Fungal Diagnosis	255	(48)
Mycology Specimen Collection and Transport Guidelines	256	(3)
Methods for the Identification of Fungi	259	(4)
Microscopy	260	(3)
Characteristic Fungal Elements Seen by Direct Examination of Clinical Specimens	263	(9)
Primary Plating Media	269	(3)
Mycology Plating Guide	272	(8)
Specific Diagnostic Tests	274	(1)
Aspergillus Species	274	(1)
Blastomyces dermatitidis	274	(1)
Candida Species	275	(1)
Coccidioides Species	275	(1)
Cryptococcus neoformans	276	(1)
Histoplasma capsulatum	277	(1)
Malassezia Species	278	(1)
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis	278	(1)
Penicillum marneffei	278	(1)
Pneumocystis jiroveci	278	(1)
Sporothrix schenckii	279	(1)
Zygomycetes	279	(1)
Identification Tables	279	(1)
Cultural and Biochemical Characteristics of Yeasts Frequently Isolated from Clinical Specimens	280	(2)
Characteristics of Selected Trichosporon Species	282	(1)
Characteristics of Aspergillus Species	283	(2)
Opportunistic Moniliaceous Fungi	285	(2)
Zygomycetes	287	(2)
Dimorphic Moulds	289	(2)
Characteristics of Common Trichophyton Species	291	(1)
Epidermophyton floccosum and Common Microsporum Species	292	(2)
Dematiaceous Fungi with Macroconidia or Other Structures	294	(2)
Dematiaceous Fungi with Small Conidia	296	(2)
Differentiation of Cladosporium and Cladophialophora Species	298	(1)
Scedosporium and Dactylaria Species	299	(2)
Dematiaceous Fungi with Hyphae	301	(2)
Parasitic Diagnosis	303	(42)
General Comments	304	(1)
Detection Methods for Parasites	305	(16)
Microscopy	308	(2)
Specific Diagnostic Tests	310	(1)
Free-Living Amebae	310	(1)
Intestinal and Urogenital Protozoa	310	(2)
Blood and Tissue Protozoa	312	(3)
Microsporidia	315	(1)
Helminths: Nematodes	315	(3)
Helminths: Trematodes	318	(1)
Helminths: Cestodes	319	(2)
Identification Tables and Figures	321	(1)
Trophozoites of Common Intestinal Amebae	321	(2)
Cysts of Common Intestinal Amebae	323	(3)
Intestinal Amebae of Humans	326	(1)
Trophozoites of Flagellates	327	(2)
Cysts of Flagellates	329	(2)
Intestinal and Urogenital Flagellates of Humans	331	(1)
Morphological Characteristics of Ciliates, Coccidia, Microsporidia, and Tissue Protozoa	332	(2)
Morphological Characteristics of Protozoa Found in Blood	334	(2)
Morphological Characteristics of Blood and Tissue Nematodes	336	(1)
Morphological Characteristics of Helminths	337	(3)
Relative Sizes of Helminth Eggs	340	(2)
Key to Identification of Common Arthropods	342	(3)
Vaccines, Susceptibility Testing Methods, and Susceptibility Patterns	345	(42)
General Comments	346	(1)
Immunization Recommendations	347	(1)
Recommended Pediatric Immunization Schedule	347	(3)
Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule	350	(2)
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing	352	(1)
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) Documents Related to Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing	352	(1)
NCCLS Quality Control Organisms for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests	353	(1)
Summary of NCCLS Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Methods for Bacteria, Mycobacteria, and Fungi	354	(3)
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antimicrobial Agents	357	(1)
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antibacterial Agents	357	(7)
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antimycobacterial Agents	364	(1)
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiviral Agents	365	(2)
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antifungal Agents	367	(1)
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiparasitic Agents	368	(1)
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns	369	(1)
Antimicrobial Agents for Specific Bacteria	369	(7)
Antimicrobial Activity of Broad-Spectrum Agents against More Than 3,000 Clinical Isolates	376	(1)
Susceptibility Patterns for Gram-Negative Bacteria Associated with Nosocomial Bacteremia	377	(1)
Susceptibility Patterns for Bacteria Associated with Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients	378	(2)
Susceptibility Patterns for Gram-Negative Bacteria Associated with Urinary Tract Infections in Hospitalized Patients	380	(1)
Antimycobacterial Agents for Specific Mycobacteria	381	(1)
Antiviral Agents for Specific Viruses	382	(1)
Antifungal Agents for Specific Fungi	383	(3)
Antiparasitic Agents for Specific Parasites	386	(1)
Bibliography	387	(2)
Index	389