Politics in a Changing World A Comparative Introduction to Political Science (with InfoTrac)

by Ethridge, Marcus E.; Handelman, Howard

• ISBN13: 9780534566333
• ISBN10: 0534566332
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-04-28
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Preface. About the Authors. Part I: Fundamentals. 1. Politics, Government, and Political Science. 2. Ideologies: Images of Political Life. Part II: Political Behavior. 3. Political Culture and Socialization. 4. Public Opinion and Elections. 5. Political Parties. 6. Interest Groups. Part III: Political Institutions. 7. Legislative Institutions 8. Executive Institutions and Leadership. 9. Judicial Institutions. 10. Bureaucratic Institutions. Part IV: Politics In Selected Nations. 11. U.S. Government: The Dilemmas of Democracy. 12. Great Britain: A Traditional Democracy. 13. Russia: The Struggle for Democracy. 14. China: Searching for a New Vision. 15. The Politics of Developing Nations. 16. India: A Burgeoning Democracy. 17. Mexico: Balancing Stability and Democracy. Part V: International Relations. 18. Approaches to International Relations. 19. A Changing World Order. Part VI: Epilogue. 20. Political Prospects and Challenges at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century. Glossary . Index.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
About the Authors	xv
Part I Fundamentals	1	(53)
Politics, Government, and Political Science	1	(26)
Politics and Government Defined	3	(2)
Government Functions	5	(1)
Kinds of Governments	6	(4)
The Stakes of Politics	10	(9)
Politics in a Changing World	19	(2)
Approahes to Political Understanding	21	(1)
Conclusion: Why Study Political Science?	22	(5)
Ideologies: Images of Political Life	27	(27)
Liberalism and Conservatism	29	(4)
Capitalism	33	(5)
Socialism	38	(5)
Other Ideologies	43	(7)
Conclusion	50	(4)
Part II Political Behavior	54	(104)
Political Culture and Socialization	54	(23)
Political Culture: Origins of the Concept	56	(1)
Agents of Political Socialization	57	(4)
Classifying Political Cultures	61	(6)
The Evolution of Political Cultures	67	(4)
The Utility of Political Culture	71	(6)
Public Opinion and Elections	77	(32)
Influences on Public Opinion and Voting Choice	79	(13)
Voter Turnout	92	(3)
Belief Systems	95	(1)
The Electoral Process and Campaign Money	96	(1)
Electoral Systems	97	(7)
Public Opinion Polling	104	(1)
Conclusion	104	(5)
Political Parties	109	(23)
What Are Political Parties?	111	(1)
The Functions of Political Parties	111	(3)
The Origins of Political Parties	114	(1)
Party Systems	115	(5)
Types of Political Parties	120	(8)
Parties in a Changing World	128	(4)
Interest Groups	132	(26)
Interest Groups: What They Are and How They Work	134	(10)
The Power of Interest Groups	144	(3)
The Growth of Interest Groups	147	(2)
How Interest Groups Are Formed	149	(5)
Conclusion	154	(4)
Part III Political Institutions	158	(85)
Legislative Institutions	158	(21)
Lawmaking	159	(1)
Legislatures: Features, Functions, and Structure	160	(12)
Representation	172	(1)
Party Responsibility and Legislative Behavior	173	(2)
The Changing Role of Modern Legislatures	175	(4)
Executive Institutions and Political Leadership	179	(19)
The Functions of Executive Institutions	180	(5)
Kinds of Executive Institutions	185	(2)
Limits on Executive Power	187	(2)
Approaches to Executive Leadership	189	(6)
Conclusion	195	(3)
Judicial Institutions	198	(23)
Judicial Functions	200	(2)
Justice and the Political System	202	(2)
Kinds of Law	204	(4)
Judicial Institutions: Structure and Design	208	(5)
Judicial Decisions and Public Policy	213	(1)
Perspectives on Judicial Policy Making	214	(7)
Bureaucratic Institutions	221	(22)
What Is Bureaucracy?	223	(2)
Bureaucratic Functions	225	(1)
The Growth of Bureaucracy	226	(3)
Bureaucracy Evaluated	229	(2)
Bureaucracy and Democracy	231	(7)
Can Bureaucracy Be Improved?	238	(1)
Bureaucracy in Political Life	239	(4)
Part IV Politics in Selected Nations	243	(221)
U.S. Government: The Dilemmas of Democracy	246	(37)
The Founding Period	247	(4)
Governmental Institutions	251	(18)
Participation in U.S. Politics	269	(6)
U.S. Politics: Prospects and Challenges	275	(8)
Great Britain: A Traditional Democracy	283	(27)
The Relevance of British Politics	284	(1)
The Origins of British Democracy: Great Britain a Model for Stability	284	(4)
Contemporary British Society and Political Culture	288	(5)
Political Parties and Voting	293	(5)
Interest Groups	298	(1)
The Structure of Government	299	(3)
Public Policy and the British Economy	302	(3)
Great Britain in the Twenty-First Century	305	(5)
Russia: The Struggle for Democracy	310	(34)
The Relevance of the Russian Experience	311	(2)
The Growth of an Authoritarian Political Culture	313	(1)
The Russian Revolution and Its Aftermath	313	(2)
From Totalitarian to Authoritarian Rule	315	(1)
Crisis in the Soviet Economy	316	(2)
The Gorbachev Era: Reforming Soviet Society	318	(2)
Ethnic Unrest and the Breakdown of Control from the Center	320	(1)
The Birth of a New Russia	321	(1)
The Growth of Russia's Multiparty System	322	(1)
Political Parties: From Too Few to Too Many	322	(5)
The Structure of Government: A Centralized Presidential System	327	(2)
Restructuring the Economy	329	(3)
Russia Begins the Twenty-First Century: The Putin Presidency	332	(2)
The Challenge of a Dual Transition	334	(10)
China: Searching for a New Vision	344	(34)
The Relevance of Chinese Politics	345	(2)
China's Imperial Legacy	347	(1)
The Chinese Revolution and Its Origins	348	(2)
China under Mao (1949--1976)	350	(3)
Deng Xiaoping (1978--1997), Jiang Zemin (1995--2002), and the Post-Maoist Era	353	(1)
Reforming the Chinese Economy	354	(3)
Chian's Political System: The Communist Party	357	(4)
The Structure of Government	361	(2)
Problems of Political Reform	363	(2)
Sources of Discontent	365	(2)
Obstacles to Democratic Change: China's Political Culture or Other Factors?	367	(2)
China after Jiang: An Uncertain Future	369	(9)
The Politics of Developing Nations	378	(34)
Social and Economic Underdevelopment	379	(6)
Political Underdevelopment and Development	385	(2)
Theories of Underdevelopment and Development	387	(4)
Sources of Political Conflict	391	(4)
Problems of Political Participation	395	(2)
Women and the Problem of Participation	397	(3)
Third World Political Institutions	400	(1)
Military Intervention	401	(2)
Strong States, Weak States	403	(2)
Recent Developments and Future Trends	405	(7)
India: A Burgeoning Democracy	412	(26)
The Relevance of Indian Politics	415	(1)
The Origins of Modern India	416	(3)
India's Political System and Institutions	419	(1)
State-Center Relations and Federalism	420	(1)
India's Party System	420	(3)
Interest Groups	423	(1)
Voting and Elections	424	(1)
The Economy: India's Neoliberal Reforms	425	(4)
Bases of Conflict: Religion, Region, and Caste	429	(4)
India's Imperfect Democracy: Prospects for the Future	433	(5)
Mexico: Balancing Stability and Democracy	438	(26)
The Triumph of Mexican Electoral Democracy	439	(1)
The Relevance of Mexican Politics	439	(2)
The Origins of Modern Mexico	441	(1)
The Legacy of the Mexican Revolution (1910--1920)	442	(1)
The Postrevolutionary Order	443	(1)
The Making of a Modern Economy	444	(4)
The Structure of Government	448	(3)
Political Parties	451	(4)
A Changing Political Culture	455	(1)
Voting and the Changing Electoral System	456	(1)
Interest Groups	457	(1)
The Fox Presidency and the Future of Mexico	458	(6)
Part V International Relations	464	(55)
Approaches to International Relations	464	(29)
International Relations versus Domestic Politics	465	(1)
Idealists and Realists	466	(4)
War and International Relations	470	(3)
The Politics of Nuclear Weapons	473	(3)
Foreign Policy Decision Making	476	(5)
International Political Economy	481	(3)
International Law and Organization	484	(5)
Ethics and International Relations	489	(1)
Conclusion	489	(4)
A Changing World Order	493	(26)
From the End of the Cold War to the Beginnings of an Uncertain Future	494	(2)
Policing Trouble Spots: A New World Order or a World without Order?	496	(2)
The Changing Nature of the International Arms Race	498	(2)
Current Trends in World Trade: Economic Unification and Beyond	500	(4)
North-South Relations	504	(5)
Protecting the Environment	509	(2)
Human Rights	511	(2)
International Terrorism	513	(1)
The Changing Face of International Relations	514	(5)
Part VI Epilogue	519	(12)
Political Prospects and Challenges at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century	519	(12)
International Terrorism, the War on Terrorism, and Iraq	520	(1)
The Globalization of Commerce	521	(1)
The Spread of Democracy	522	(1)
The Decline of Communism	523	(1)
The Global Environment	524	(1)
Women and Politics	525	(1)
The Resurgence of Nationalism and Ethnicity	526	(1)
Information Technology and the Mass Media	527	(4)
Glossary	531	(13)
Photo Credits	544	(1)
Index	545