Population Health Concepts and Methods

by Young, T. Kue

• ISBN13: 9780195119725
• ISBN10: 019511972X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1998-09-10
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Population health encompasses traditional public health and preventive medicine but emphasizes the full range of health determinants affecting the entire population rather than only ill or high-risk individials. The population health approach integrates the social and biological, the quantitative and qualitative, recognizing the importance of social and cultural factors in practice and research. This text is organized around the key objectives of population health risks and inferring causation, and planning and evaluating population health interventions. It is designed for use in introductory/intermediate courses in epidemiology, public health, and health policy and management. It emphasizes basic concepts and methods and makes use of case studies, exercises, and boxes to introduce students to the full range of population health issues seen in the literature.

Author Biography

T. Kue Young, MD, FRCPC, D.Phil., is Professor of Community Health Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Manitoba, Canada.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction	1	(22)
Defining Health, Population and Population Health	1	(4)
Objectives and Uses of Population Health Studies	5	(2)
The Arts and Sciences in Population Health	7	(2)
Historical Antecedents and Future Prospects	9	(3)
Summary	12	(1)
Case Studies	13	(4)
Guide to Resources	17	(1)
Notes	18	(5)
2 Measuring Health and Disease in Populations (I)	23	(36)
Measures of Disease Occurence	23	(5)
Characteristics of Populations	28	(10)
Comparing Different Populations	38	(3)
Demographic and Health Transition	41	(3)
Summary	44	(1)
Case Studies	45	(3)
Notes	48	(5)
Exercises	53	(6)
3 Measuring Health and Disease in Populations (II)	59	(36)
Health Status Indicators and Indices	59	(7)
Diagnosis and Classification of Diseases	66	(10)
Surveillance and Epidemic Investigations	76	(3)
Cultural Concepts of Health and Disease	79	(2)
Summary	81	(1)
Case Studies	82	(4)
Notes	86	(5)
Exercises	91	(4)
4 Modeling Determinants of Population Health	95	(45)
Models and Pathways of Health	95	(2)
Genetic Susceptibility	97	(4)
Physical Environment	101	(9)
Personal Lifestyles and Behaviors	110	(10)
Social, Cultural, and Economic Factors	120	(4)
Summary	124	(1)
Case Studies	125	(6)
Notes	131	(7)
Exercises	138	(2)
5 Assessing Health Risks in Populations	140	(33)
Risks in Population Health	140	(3)
Concepts of Causation	143	(6)
Measures of Association and Effect	149	(4)
Competing Risks	153	(2)
Risk Perception and Communication	155	(3)
Summary	158	(1)
Case Studies	159	(4)
Notes	163	(6)
Exercises	169	(4)
6 Designing Population Health Studies	173	(37)
A Matter of Measurement	173	(2)
Types of Research Design	175	(7)
Validity and Reliability	182	(1)
Error and Bias	183	(2)
Confounding and Interaction	185	(3)
Qualitative Methods	188	(2)
Ethical Concerns	190	(5)
Summary	195	(1)
Case Studies	196	(9)
Notes	205	(3)
Exercises	208	(2)
7 Planning Population Health Interventions	210	(28)
Promoting Health, Preventing Disease	210	(2)
Types and Levels of Interventions	212	(5)
Criteria for Screening	217	(4)
Behavioral Models for Health Promotion	221	(2)
Cross-cultural Considerations	223	(1)
A Broader View of Prevention	224	(2)
Summary	226	(1)
Case Studies	227	(8)
Notes	235	(2)
Exercise	237	(1)
8 Evaluating Health Services for Populations	238	(22)
A Framework for Evaluation	238	(3)
Technology Assessment, Diffusion, and Transfer	241	(2)
Evaluation Methods	243	(3)
Economic Appraisal	246	(3)
Decision Making in Health Care	249	(2)
Summary	251	(1)
Case Studies	251	(6)
Notes	257	(1)
Exercise	258	(2)
9 Improving the Health of Populations	260	(3)
Guide to Resources	261	(2)
Bibliography	263	(30)
Answers to Exercises	293	(14)
Index	307