Power and the Holy in the Age of the Investiture Conflict A Brief History with Documents

by Miller, Maureen C.

• ISBN13: 9780312404680
• ISBN10: 0312404689
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-01-06
• Publisher: Bedford/St. Martin's

Summary

Historians tracing the emerging division between church and state in the West have long recognized the importance of the eleventh-century Gregorian reform movement and the investiture conflict -- events that reached a dramatic climax in Pope Gregory VII's excommunication of Emperor Henry IV. In her introduction to this ground-breaking volume, Miller recasts the narrative of reform and the investiture conflict -- traditionally portrayed as an elitist struggle between church and state -- in terms of a broad shift in conceptions of the nature of power and the holy. The volume brings together a wide selection of compelling documents -- many of which have been largely unavailable -- that allows students to place the investiture conflict within the wider context of social and political change in medieval Europe. Document headnotes, a chronology, a selected bibliography, and questions for consideration provide further pedagogical support.

Author Biography

MAUREEN C. MILLER is associate professor of history at the University of California, Berkeley, and has also taught at George Mason University and Hamilton College. A specialist in medieval European history, she received her doctorate from Harvard University. She is the author of The Bishop's Palace: Architecture and Authority in Medieval Italy (2000), which was awarded the Helen and Howard R. Marraro Prize of the Society for Italian History Studies, and of The Formation of a Medieval Church: Ecclesiastical Change in Verona, 950–1150 (1993), which was a winner of the John Gilmary Shea Prize of the American Catholic Historical Association.

Table of Contents

Foreword	vii
Preface	ix
A Note about the Texts and Translations	xi
List of Maps and Illustrations	xviii
PART ONE Introduction: The Investiture Conflict in Western History	1	(30)
Power and the Holy on the Eve of the Investiture Conflict	2	(4)
Power and the Holy before the Millennium	6	(6)
Movements for Reform	12	(4)
The Investiture Conflict	16	(6)
The Consequences of Reform	22	(4)
The Contemporary Legacy	26	(5)
PART TWO The Documents	31	(150)
Movements for Reform	33	(41)
Responses to the Carolingian Crisis
Rodulfus Glaber, Description of the Peace and Truce of God, ca. 1036--1046	34	(2)
Bishops of the Auvergne, Canons of the Council of Le Puy, 994	36	(3)
Monastic Reform
William of Aquitaine, Foundation Charter of the Monastery of Cluny, 910	39	(4)
Peter Damian, On the Life of the Hermit Romuald of Ravenna, 1042	43	(2)
Clerical Celibacy and Simony
Peter Damian, A Letter to Bishop Cunibert of Turin, 1064	45	(4)
Andrew of Strumi, Description of the Preaching of Ariald in Milan, ca. 1075	49	(3)
Arnulf of Milan, On the Patarenes, ca. 1072--1077	52	(1)
Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Adela, Countness of Flanders, November 10, 1076	53	(1)
Humbert of Silva Candida, On Simony, 1058	54	(3)
Peter Damian, On Simony, 1052	57	(2)
Canonical or ``Free'' Election
Gerhard of Augsburg, How Ulrich Became Bishop of Augsburg, ca. 993, and Berno of Reichenau, How Ulrich Became Bishop of Augsburg, ca. 1030	59	(2)
King Dagobert Invests Saint Omer, 11th Century	61	(2)
Annales Romani, Description of the Synod of Sutri, ca. 1046, and Bonizo of Sutri, Description of the Synod of Sutri, ca. 1085	63	(6)
Wibert, How Bruno of Toul Became Pope, 1054?	69	(2)
Roman Synod, Papal Election Decree, 1059	71	(3)
The Investiture Conflict	74	(48)
The Combatants: Emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII
An Account of Henry's Minority, ca. 1106	75	(2)
Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Supporters in Lombardy, July 1, 1073	77	(2)
Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Duke Rudolf of Swabia concerning Henry IV, September 1, 1073	79	(2)
Pope Gregory VII, The Dictatus papae, 1075	81	(2)
The First Confrontation
Pope Gregory VII, Admonition to Henry, December 8, 1075	83	(4)
Emperor Henry IV, Response to Gregory's Admonition, Early 1076	87	(3)
Canossa
Lampert of Hersfeld, Account of Canossa, ca. 1077	90	(10)
Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to the German Princes, January 1077	100	(2)
Civil War
Sigebert of Gembloux, An Antiking Is Elected, 1077	102	(2)
Roman Synod, The Decrees against Lay Investiture, November 19, 1078, and March 7, 1080	104	(1)
Pope Gregory VII, A Letter to Hermann of Metz, March 15, 1081	105	(8)
Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, A Letter to Hugh Candidus, ca. 1084--1085	113	(1)
Pope Gregory VII, Deathbed Testament, ca. 1085	114	(1)
Compromise
Ivo, Bishop of Chartres, A Letter to the Apostolic Legate Hugh of Lyon, 1097	115	(5)
Emperor Henry V and Pope Calixtus II, The Agreements of Worms, 1122	120	(2)
The Consequences of Reform	122	(59)
Lay Engagement with the Faith
Baudri of Dol, The Preaching of Robert of Arbrissel, ca. 1118	123	(3)
Walter Map, Description of the Waldensians, ca. 1180--1183	126	(2)
Pope Innocent III, A Rule for the Third Order of the Humiliati, June 7, 1201	128	(4)
Robert the Monk, The Calling of the First Crusade, ca. 1100--1125	132	(3)
Bernard of Clairvaux, On the New Knighthood, ca. 1128--1136	135	(3)
The Clergy
Martin and Anziverga, Gift to Their Son Adam, May 30, 1060, and John, Lease to Martin dal Danno, February 1156	138	(1)
Eudes Rigaud, Archbishop of Rouen, Visitation to Inspect His Clergy, 1248	139	(2)
Bishops
A Disputed Election at Auxerre, 1116	141	(2)
William of Newburgh, Account of Thomas Becket's Martyrdom, ca. 1190--1198	143	(6)
The Papacy
Pope Adrian IV, A Papal Bull, 1156	149	(4)
Papal Ceremonial in a Fresco from SS. Quattro Coronati, 13th Century	153	(2)
Bernard of Clairvaux, On Papal Sovereignty, ca. 1148--1153	155	(3)
Garcia, Criticism of the Papacy: The Relics of Saints Silver and Gold, ca. 1100?	158	(2)
Sanctity and Just Rulership
Manegold of Lautenbach, On Tyranny, ca. 1085	160	(2)
Guibert of Nogent, On Royal Powers, ca. 1125	162	(1)
Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, The Canonization of Charlemagne, January 8, 1166	163	(2)
The Coronation Rite of Reims, ca. 1230	165	(3)
The Tomb of Edward II, Mid-14th Century	168	(3)
APPENDIXES
A Chronology of the Origins and Consequences of the Investiture Conflict (313--1201)	171	(3)
Questions for Consideration	174	(2)
Selected Bibliography	176	(5)
Index	181