Preface | |
PART 1:THE NATURE AND STUDY OF POWER | |
1. Power, Society, and Social Science | |
The Nature of Power | |
Power and the Social Sciences | |
Masters of Social Thought: Bertrand Russell: Power Is to the Social Sciences What Energy Is to Physics | |
Social Sciences and Social Problems | |
On the Web: Exploring Power and Society | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
2. Social Sciences and the Scientific Method | |
Science and the Scientific Method | |
Focus: The Vocabulary of Social Science | |
Controversies in Social Science: Can Social Science Be Scientific? What Is a "Fact"? The Classic Scientific Research Design | |
Case Study: An Experiment in Crime Fighting | |
Gathering Data: Survey Research | |
Focus: Changing College Student Opinions | |
On the Web: Exploring the Social Sciences | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
Part 2: POWER AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES | |
3. Power and Culture | |
The Origins of Power | |
Culture: Ways of Life | |
The Components of Culture | |
Masters of Social Thought: Ruth Benedict and Patterns of Culture | |
Power, Authority, and Legitimacy | |
The Functions of Culture | |
Controversies in Social Science: Cultural Relativity and Female Circumcision | |
Authority in the Family | |
Focus: Social Science Looks at Sex in America | |
Cross-National Perspective: Women in the Workforce | |
Power and Gender | |
Focus: How Men and Women View Their Relations Today | |
Power and Political Systems | |
Focus: Power and the Aztec Empire | |
Power and Society: Some Anthropological Observations | |
On the Web: Exploring Anthropology | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
4. Power and Social Class | |
Power Pyramids and Pecking Orders | |
Stratification in American Society | |
Why Do We Have Social Classes? Inequality in America | |
Cross-National Perspective: Beliefs About Equality and Opportunity | |
Social Mobility: The Ups and Downs | |
Class as a Determinant of Lifestyle | |
Controversies in Social Science: The Bell Curve | |
Cross-National Perspective: Global Inequalities | |
Social Classes: Conflict and Conciliation | |
Masters of Social Thought: Karl Marx and the Class Struggle | |
Social Class and Political Power | |
Masters of Social Thought: C | |
Wright Mills and the Power Elite | |
On the Web: Exploring Sociology | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
5. Power and Personality | |
Personality and Individual Responses to Power | |
Nature versus Nature | |
Focus: DNA: Blueprint to Life | |
Nurture and Human Development | |
Approaches to Psychology and Personality | |
Focus: Inside the Brain | |
Focus: Evolutionary Psychology: The Mating Game | |
The Authoritarian Personality | |
Masters of Social Thought: Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalytic Theory | |
Case Study: Authority and Obedience: The "Shocking" Experiments | |
Behaviorism and Learning Theory | |
Masters of Social Thought: B | |
F | |
Skinner and the Control of Human Behavior | |
Social Psychology: The Self in Relation to Others | |
Cross-National Perspective: The Self in Individualist and Collectivist Cultures | |
Humanistic Psychology: The Innate Human Potential | |
Cross-National Perspective: Suicide | |
Treating Mental Illness | |
Case Study: Diagnosing Mental Illness | |
The Sociology of Psychological Disorders | |
Powerlessness and Mental Health | |
On the Web: Exploring Psychology | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
6. Power and the Economic Order | |
Power and Economic Organization | |
The Market System, Hard-Boiled and Impersonal | |
Supply, Demand, and the Market Price | |
Measuring America's Wealth | |
Masters of Social Thought: Adam Smith and Laissez Faire Economics | |
Cross-National Perspective: GNP and Standards of Living | |
Government in a Free Market Economy | |
Case Study: Achieving Economic Stability | |
Masters of Social Thought: John M | |
Keynes and the Mixed Economy | |
Supply-Side Economics | |
Government Money: Where It Comes from and Where It Goes | |
Case Study: The Recent Performance of the American Economy | |
Government Debt, Deficits, and Surpluses | |
The Concentration of Economic Power | |
Controversies in Social Science: What Should We Do with Budget Surpluses | |
Focus: The Concentration of Corporate Power | |
The Globalization of Economic Power | |
Cross-National Perspective: The Multinationals' Global Economic Power | |
On the Web: Exploring Economics | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
7. Power and Government | |
Politics, Political Science, and Governmental Power | |
The Meaning of Democracy | |
Power in the American Constitution | |
Masters of Social Thought: John Locke and Constitutionalism | |
Cross-National Perspective: The Role of Government | |
Controversies in Social Science: Direct versus Representative Democracy | |
Federalism and the Growth of Power in Washington | |
Presidential Power | |
Focus: Rating the Presidents | |
Focus: Explaining Presidential Approval Ratings | |
Electing the President | |
Case Study: Watergate and the Limits of Presidential Power | |
Focus: Bush v | |
Gore in the U | |
Supreme Court | |
The Power of Congress | |
The Power of the Courts | |
Political Behavior in the United States | |
Focus: Media Power: The Presidential Debates | |
Democrats and Republicans: What's the Difference? On the Web: Exploring Government and Politics | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
8. Power and History | |
History and Social Science | |
History and the American Experience | |
Controversies in Social Science: Charles Beard and the Economic Interests of the Founders | |
Power and Change over Time | |
The Rise of Western Elites | |
The Civil War and Elite Division | |
Power and the Industrial Revolution | |
Focus: Reconstruction and African-American History | |
The New Deal and the Emergence of the "Liberal Establishment | |
Case Study: Vietnam: A Political History | |
On the Web: Exploring History | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
Part 3: THE USES OF POWER | |
9. Power and Ideology | |
The Power of Ideas | |
Classical Liberalism: The Least Government Is the Best Government | |
Modern Liberalism: Governmental Power to "Do Good | |
Modern Conservatism: Individualism and Traditional Values | |
Focus: How to Tell If You're Liberal or Conservative | |
Fascism: The Supremacy of Race and Nation | |
Marxism: "Workers of the World, Unite | |
Socialism: Government Ownership, Central Planning | |
Case Study: The Rise and Fall of Communism in Russia | |
Why Communism Collapsed | |
Cross-National Perspective: Capitalism and Socialism in the World | |
On the Web: Exploring Ideologies | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
10. Power, Race, and Gender | |
Racism in American History | |
The Civil Rights Movement | |
Continuing Inequalities | |
Masters of Social Thought: Martin Luther King, Jr | |
and the Power of Protest | |
Hispanic Power | |
Controversies in Social Science: Affirmative Action and the Constitution | |
Immigration to America | |
Native Americans: An Historical Overview | |
Power and Gender | |
Gender Inequality: Culture or Biology? Cross-National Perspective: The Earnings Gap | |
The Long History of Women's Protests | |
Focus: A Declaration of Women's Rights, 1848. Sexual Harassment and the Law | |
Abortion and the Law | |
On the Web: Exploring Poverty and Powerlessness | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
11. Poverty and Powerlessness | |
Poverty in the United States | |
Is There a Culture of Poverty? Focus: Who Are the Poor? Government and Social Welfare | |
Cross-National Perspective: Income of the Poor in Advanced Democracies | |
Case Study: Senior Power | |
Controversies in Social Science: Is Welfare Reform Working? Homelessness in America | |
On the Web: Exploring Poverty and Powerlessness | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
12. Power, Crime, and Violence | |
Power and Individual Freedom | |
The Problem of Crime | |
Focus: It's a Real Crime! The Constitutional Rights of Defendants | |
Cross-National Perspective: Murder and Homicide | |
Crime and Drugs | |
Focus: Getting High | |
An Economic Perspective on Crime | |
Controversies in the Social Sciences: Does Prison Building Reduce Crime? Controversies in Social Sciences: Should Drugs Be Legalized? A Psychological Perspective on Crime: The Antisocial Personality | |
Case Study: The Insanity Defense | |
Social and Cultural Perspectives on Crime | |
Violence in American History | |
On the Web: Exploring Crime and Violence | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
13. Power and Community | |
The Global Community | |
The Sociology of Urban Life | |
Cross-National Perspective: Worldwide Urbanization | |
Focus: Urban Stress | |
Where Do Americans Live? Governing Urban Communities | |
The City in History | |
Controversies in Social Science: Who Really Runs This Town? The Problems of the Inner City | |
On the Web: Exploring Communities | |
About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
14. Power among Nations | |
International Politics | |
Cross-National Perspective: Patriotism | |
Bringing Order to International Relations | |
A Brief History of the Cold War | |
The Control of Nuclear Arms | |
Regional Balances of Power | |
Case Study: American Military Power: "Desert Storm | |
Controversies in Social Science: When Should the United States Use Military Force? About This Chapter | |
Discussion Questions | |
Notes | |
Credits |