Practical C++ Programming

by Oualline, Steve

• ISBN13: 9780596004194
• ISBN10: 0596004192
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-12-01
• Publisher: Oreilly & Associates Inc

Summary

Practical C++ Programming is a complete introduction to the C++ language for programmers who are learning C++ or transitioning from C to C++. In a new edition reflecting the latest changes to the C++ standard, this book takes a practical, real-world approach, placing a strong emphasis on coding style and the programming process. Readers learn not only the syntax of C++, but also how to write clear, maintainable code and to design and debug programs in a systematic way. For a hands-on approach to learning C++, this is the book to recommend.

Author Biography

1. Steve Oualline

   Steve Oualline lives in Southern California, where he works as a software engineer for a major phone company. In his free time he is a real engineer on the Poway Midland Railroad. Steve has written almost a dozen books on programming and Linux software. His web site is http://www.oualline.com .

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Part I. The Basics
What Is C++?	3	(4)
A Brief History of C++	3	(1)
C++ Organization	4	(2)
How to Learn C++	6	(1)
The Basics of Program Writing	7	(16)
Programs from Conception to Execution	9	(1)
Creating a Real Program	10	(12)
Getting Help in Unix	22	(1)
Getting Help in an IDE	22	(1)
Programming Exercises	22	(1)
Style	23	(12)
Comments	24	(4)
C++ Code	28	(2)
Naming Style	30	(1)
Coding Religion	31	(1)
Indentation and Code Format	31	(1)
Clarity	32	(1)
Simplicity	33	(1)
Consistency and Organization	34	(1)
Further Reading	34	(1)
Summary	34	(1)
Basic Declarations and Expressions	35	(13)
Basic Program Structure	36	(1)
Simple Expressions	37	(1)
The std::cout Output Object	38	(1)
Variables and Storage	39	(1)
Variable Declarations	40	(1)
Integers	40	(1)
Assignment Statements	41	(1)
Floating-Point Numbers	42	(1)
Floating-Point Divide Versus Integer Divide	43	(1)
Characters	44	(2)
Wide Characters	46	(1)
Boolean Type	46	(1)
Programming Exercises	46	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	47	(1)
Arrays, Qualifiers, and Reading Numbers	48	(28)
Arrays	48	(1)
Strings	49	(2)
Reading Data	51	(2)
Initializing Variables	53	(4)
Multidimensional Arrays	57	(1)
C-Style Strings	58	(6)
Types of Integers	64	(3)
Types of Floats	67	(1)
Constant and Reference Declarations	67	(1)
Qualifiers	68	(2)
Hexadecimal and Octal Constants	70	(1)
Operators for Performing Shortcuts	71	(1)
Side Effects	72	(2)
Programming Exercises	74	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	75	(1)
Decision and Control Statements	76	(11)
if Statement	76	(1)
else Statement	77	(1)
How Not to Use std::strcmp	78	(1)
Looping Statements	79	(1)
while Statement	79	(2)
break Statement	81	(1)
continue Statement	82	(1)
The Assignment Anywhere Side Effect	83	(1)
Programming Exercises	84	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	85	(2)
The Programming Process	87	(20)
Setting Up Your Work Area	89	(1)
The Specification	90	(1)
Code Design	91	(1)
The Prototype	92	(1)
The Makefile	93	(3)
Testing	96	(1)
Debugging	96	(2)
Maintenance	98	(1)
Revisions	99	(1)
Electronic Archaeology	99	(1)
Mark Up the Program	100	(1)
Use the Debugger	100	(1)
Use the Text Editor as a Browser	100	(1)
Add Comments	101	(2)
Programming Exercises	103	(4)
Part II. Simple Programming
More Control Statements	107	(11)
for Statement	107	(3)
switch Statement	110	(5)
switch, break, and continue	115	(1)
Programming Exercises	115	(2)
Answers to Chapter Questions	117	(1)
Variable Scope and Functions	118	(27)
Scope and Storage Class	118	(4)
Namespaces	122	(3)
Functions	125	(13)
Summary of Parameter Types	138	(1)
Recursion	139	(2)
Structured Programming Basics	141	(1)
Real-World Programming	142	(1)
Programming Exercises	142	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	143	(2)
The C++ Preprocessor	145	(15)
#define Statement	145	(5)
Conditional Compilation	150	(2)
#include Files	152	(2)
Parameterized Macros	154	(2)
Advanced Features	156	(1)
Summary	156	(1)
Programming Exercises	157	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	157	(3)
Bit Operations	160	(19)
Bit Operators	161	(1)
The AND Operator (&)	161	(2)
Bitwise OR (|)	163	(1)
The Bitwise Exclusive OR (^)	164	(1)
The Ones Complement Operator (NOT) (~)	164	(1)
The Left and Right Shift Operators (<<, >>)	165	(1)
Setting, Clearing, and Testing Bits	166	(3)
Bitmapped Graphics	169	(5)
Programming Exercises	174	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	175	(4)
Part III. Advanced Types and Classes
Advanced Types	179	(12)
Structures	179	(2)
Unions	181	(3)
typedef	184	(1)
enum Type	185	(1)
Bit Members or Packed Structures	186	(2)
Arrays of Structures	188	(1)
Programming Exercises	189	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	189	(2)
Simple Classes	191	(20)
Stacks	191	(4)
Improved Stack	195	(2)
Using a Class	197	(2)
Introduction to Constructors and Destructors	199	(5)
Automatically Generated Member Functions	204	(1)
Shortcuts	205	(1)
Style	206	(2)
Structures Versus Classes	208	(1)
Programming Exercises	209	(2)
More on Classes	211	(10)
Friends	211	(2)
Constant Functions	213	(2)
Constant Members	215	(1)
Static Member Variables	216	(2)
Static Member Functions	218	(1)
The Meaning of static	218	(1)
Programming Exercises	219	(2)
Simple Pointers	221	(24)
const Pointers	226	(1)
Pointers and Printing	226	(1)
Pointers and Arrays	227	(7)
The reinterpret_cast	234	(1)
Pointers and Structures	234	(1)
Command-Line Arguments	235	(4)
Programming Exercises	239	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	240	(5)
Part IV. Advanced Programming Concepts
File Input/Output	245	(32)
C++ File I/O	245	(5)
Conversion Routines	250	(4)
Binary and ASCII Files	254	(1)
The End-of-Line Puzzle	255	(1)
Binary I/O	256	(1)
Buffering Problems	257	(1)
Unbuffered I/O	258	(4)
Designing File Formats	262	(2)
C-Style I/O Routines	264	(2)
C-Style Conversion Routines	266	(4)
C-Style Binary I/O	270	(2)
C- Versus C++- Style I/O	272	(2)
Programming Exercises	274	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	275	(2)
Debugging and Optimization	277	(33)
Code Reviews	277	(3)
Serial Debugging	280	(2)
Going Through the Output	282	(1)
Interactive Debuggers	283	(4)
Debugging a Binary Search	287	(11)
Interactive Debugging Tips and Tricks	298	(1)
Runtime Errors	299	(2)
Optimization	301	(5)
How to Optimize	306	(2)
Case Study: Inline Functions Versus Normal Functions	308	(1)
Case Study: Optimizing a Color-Rendering Algorithm	308	(1)
Programming Exercises	309	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	309	(1)
Operator Overloading	310	(27)
Creating a Simple Fixed-Point Class	310	(5)
Operator Functions	315	(9)
Operator Member Functions	324	(2)
Warts	326	(1)
Full Definition of the Fixed-Point Class	326	(9)
Programming Exercises	335	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	336	(1)
Floating Point	337	(10)
Floating-Point Format	337	(1)
Floating Addition/Subtraction	338	(1)
Multiplication and Division	339	(1)
Overflow and Underflow	340	(1)
Roundoff Error	340	(1)
Accuracy	341	(1)
Minimizing Roundoff Error	342	(1)
Determining Accuracy	342	(1)
Precision and Speed	343	(1)
Power Series	344	(2)
Programming Exercises	346	(1)
Advanced Pointers	347	(24)
Pointers, Structures, and Classes	348	(2)
delete Operator	350	(1)
Linked Lists	351	(3)
Ordered Linked Lists	354	(3)
Doubly Linked Lists	357	(3)
Trees	360	(4)
Printing a Tree	364	(1)
The Rest of the Program	364	(3)
Data Structures for a Chess Program	367	(2)
Programming Exercises	369	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	369	(2)
Advanced Classes	371	(22)
Derived Classes	371	(7)
Virtual Functions	378	(5)
Virtual Classes	383	(2)
Function Hiding in Derived Classes	385	(1)
Constructors and Destructors in Derived Classes	385	(3)
The dynamic_cast Operator	388	(1)
Summary	389	(1)
Programming Exercises	389	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	390	(3)
Part V. Other Language Features
Exceptions	393	(8)
Adding Exceptions to the Stack Class	394	(6)
Exceptions Versus assert	400	(1)
Programming Exercises	400	(1)
Modular Programming	401	(18)
Modules	401	(1)
Public and Private	402	(1)
The extern Storage Class	402	(2)
Headers	404	(2)
The Body of the Module	406	(1)
A Program to Use Infinite Arrays	406	(2)
The Makefile for Multiple Files	408	(4)
Using the Infinite Array	412	(5)
Dividing a Task into Modules	417	(1)
Module Design Guidelines	417	(1)
Programming Exercises	418	(1)
Templates	419	(13)
What Is a Template?	419	(1)
Templates: The Hard Way	419	(1)
Templates: The C++ Way	420	(3)
Function Specialization	423	(1)
Class Templates	424	(2)
Class Specialization	426	(1)
Implementation Details	426	(3)
Advanced Features	429	(2)
Summary	431	(1)
Programming Exercises	431	(1)
Standard Template Library	432	(16)
STL Basics	432	(2)
Class List---A Set of Students	434	(2)
Creating a Waiting List with the STL List	436	(1)
Storing Grades in a STL Map	437	(1)
Putting It All Together	437	(8)
Practical Considerations When Using the STL	445	(1)
Getting More Information	446	(1)
Exercises	446	(2)
Program Design	448	(21)
Design Goals	448	(1)
Design Factors	449	(1)
Design Principles	450	(1)
Coding	451	(6)
Objects	457	(4)
Real-World Design Techniques	461	(6)
Conclusion	467	(2)
Putting It All Together	469	(28)
Requirements	469	(2)
Code Design	471	(1)
Coding	472	(1)
Functional Description	472	(5)
Testing	477	(1)
Revisions	477	(1)
A Final Warning	477	(1)
Program Files	477	(19)
Programming Exercises	496	(1)
From C to C++	497	(7)
K&R-Style Functions	497	(1)
struct	498	(1)
malloc and free	498	(2)
Turning Structures into Classes	500	(1)
setjmp and longjmp	501	(2)
Mixing C and C++ Code	503	(1)
Summary	503	(1)
Programming Exercise	503	(1)
C++'s Dustier Corners	504	(6)
do/while	504	(1)
goto	504	(2)
The ?: Construct	506	(1)
The Comma Operator	506	(1)
Overloading the () Operator	507	(1)
Pointers to Members	507	(1)
The asm Statement	508	(1)
The mutable Qualifier	508	(1)
Run Time Type Identification	509	(1)
Trigraphs	509	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	509	(1)
Programming Adages	510	(21)
General	510	(1)
Design	511	(1)
Declarations	511	(1)
switch Statement	511	(1)
Preprocessor	511	(1)
Style	512	(1)
Compiling	512	(1)
The Ten Commandments for C++ Programmers	512	(1)
Final Note	513	(1)
Answers to Chapter Questions	514	(3)
Part VI. Appendixes
A. ASCII Table	517	(2)
B. Ranges	519	(2)
C. Operator Precedence Rules	521	(2)
D. Computing Sine Using a Power Series	523	(6)
E. Resources	529	(2)
Index	531