Practicum and Intership : Textbook and Resource Guide for Counseling and Psychotherapy

by Boylan, John Charles; Malley, Patrick B.; Reilly, Eileen Petty

• ISBN13: 9781583910887
• ISBN10: 1583910883
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-06-08
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Guides the student and novice practitioner through preparation for the practicum experience, as well as the experience itself.

Table of Contents

About the Authors	xiii
Acknowledgments	xv
Preface	xvii
PART I: THE PRACTICUM EXPERIENCE
Definitions, Phases, and Standards	3	(4)
John C. Boylan
Judith Scott
Prepracticum Considerations	3	(2)
Questions for the Practicum Proffessor	3	(1)
Questions for the Practicum Student	4	(1)
Questions for the Practicum Site Supervisor	4	(1)
Questions About the Standards Set by Professional Organizations, Certifying Boards, Accrediting Agencies, and University Programs	5	(1)
Definitions	5	(1)
Phases of Practicum	6	(1)
Development Reflected in the Program Structure	6	(1)
Development Reflected in the Learning Process	7	(1)
Development Reflected in Supervisor Interaction	7	(1)
Standards in Accreditation and Certification for Practicum and Internship	7	(7)
Professional Counselors	8	(3)
Counseling Psychologists	11	(1)
Marriage and Family Therapists	11	(1)
Rehabilitation Counselors	12	(1)
Pastoral Counselors	13	(1)
Counselor Certification	13	(1)
Implications	14	(1)
Summary	15	(1)
Suggested Readings	15	(1)
References	15
Preparation for Practicum	7	(24)
John C. Boylan
Judith Scott
Guidelines for Choosing a Practicum Site	17	(5)
Professional Staff and Supervisor	18	(1)
Professional Affiliations of the Site	18	(1)
Professional Practices of the Site	18	(1)
Site Administration	19	(1)
Training and Supervision Values	20	(1)
Theoretical Orientation of the Site and Supervisor	20	(1)
Client Population	21	(1)
Negotiating the Practicum Placement	22	(1)
Role and Function of the Practicum Student	23	(1)
Concepts in Practicum	23	(2)
Suggested Course Requirements	25	(2)
Class Meetings	26	(1)
Counseling Sessions	26	(1)
Individual Supervision Sessions	26	(1)
Tape Critiques	26	(1)
Documenting Practicum Activities	27	(1)
Summary	27	(3)
Suggested Readings	30	(1)
References	30	(1)
Practicum Content Issues	31	(42)
John C. Boylan
Initial Interaction with the Client	31	(2)
Initial Contact, Structuring, and Assessment	31	(2)
Assessment Activities	33	(2)
Obtaining Authorizations	33	(1)
Obtaining Information from the Client and Others	33	(1)
Assessing the Client's Mental Status	34	(1)
Mental Status Categories of Assessment	34	(1)
Recording Psychosocial History	35	(1)
Monitoring and Evaluating the Client's Progress	35	(8)
Building a Client Folder	36	(1)
Processing Interview Notes	36	(1)
Joseph W. Hollis
A Format for Individual Psychotherapy Session Notes	37	(4)
Nam R. Presser
Karen S. Pfost
Case Summary Outlines	41	(1)
Joseph W. Hollis
Reporting Therapeutic Progress	41	(2)
Joseph W. Hollis
Patsy A. Donn
Summary	43	(1)
Suggested Readings	43	(1)
References	44	(1)
Practicum Process Issues
John C. Boylan
Philosophy-Theory-Practice Continuum	45	(1)
Initial Client Contact	46	(3)
Basic Helping Skills	47	(1)
Asking Appropriate Questions	48	(1)
Assessment in Counseling	49	(1)
Diagnosis in Counseling	50	(10)
Diagnostic Classification System	51	(1)
Severity and Course Modifiers	52	(1)
DSM-IV Codes and Classification	52	(8)
Case Conceptualization and Treatment Planning	60	(8)
Models of Case Conceptualization: The Analytical Thinking Model	60	(1)
Models of Case Conceptualization: The Stevens and Morris Model	60	(1)
Models of Case Conceptualization: The ``Linchpin'' Model	61	(1)
Models of Case Conceptualization: The Inverted Pyramid Method	62	(1)
Case Conceptualization: Applying Theory to Individuals	63	(5)
Nancy L. Murdock
Treatment Planning	68	(2)
Summary	70	(1)
Suggested Readings	70	(1)
References	71	(2)
Monitoring the Professional Development of Practicum Students	73	(20)
Judith Scott
Eileen Petty Reilly
Role and Function of the Supervisor in Practicum	73	(1)
The Supervisor-Supervisee Relationship	74	(1)
Approaches in Supervision	75	(2)
The Psychotherapeutic Approach to Supervision	75	(1)
The Behavioral Approach to Supervision	76	(1)
The Integrative Approach to Supervision	76	(1)
The Systems Approach to Supervision	76	(1)
The Person-Process Model of Supervision: A Developmental Approach to Supervision	76	(1)
Assessing Professional Development	77	(4)
Counseling Performance Skills	77	(1)
Cognitive Counseling Skills	77	(3)
Developmental Level	80	(1)
Monitoring Counseling Performance Skills	81	(2)
Self-Assessment of Counseling Performance	81	(1)
Techniques Used in Counseling and Psychotherapy	82	(1)
Joseph W. Hollis
Ongoing Self-Assessment	83	(1)
Peer Assessment	83	(2)
Monitoring Cognitive Skills	85	(1)
Supervisor Monitoring and Assessment Activities	86	(1)
Summary	86	(2)
Suggested Readings	88	(1)
References	88	(5)
PART II ETHICS AND THE LAW
Ethical Issues	93	(36)
Patrick B. Malley
Eileen Petty Reilly
Ethical Codes	93	(1)
Ethical Principles	93	(2)
Autonomy	94	(1)
Beneficence	94	(1)
Justice	94	(1)
Nonmaleficence	94	(1)
Fidelity	94	(1)
Ethical Virtues	95	(29)
Virtue and Culture	95	(1)
Virtue and Ideals	95	(1)
Virtue and Skill	96	(1)
Limitations of Virtue Ethics	96	(1)
American Counseling Association Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice	97	(14)
American Psychologist Association Ethics Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct	111	(13)
Summary	124	(1)
Suggested Readings	124	(4)
References	128	(1)
Legal Issues	129	(16)
Patrick B. Malley
Eileen Petty Reilly
The Law	129	(2)
Classifications of the Law	130	(1)
Types of Laws	130	(1)
The Steps in a Lawsuit	130	(1)
The Special Relationship	131	(1)
Negligence and the Special Relationship	131	(1)
Elements of Malpractice	132	(1)
Why Clients Sue	132	(1)
Other Reasons to Sue	133	(1)
Preparing for the Special Relationship	133	(5)
Policy Development	133	(1)
Advertising and Soliciting Clients	133	(2)
Dual Relationships	135	(1)
Interrupted Therapy	136	(1)
Client Records	136	(1)
The Use of Computers	137	(1)
Liability Insurance	138	(1)
Implementing the Special Relationship	138	(1)
Contracting for Therapy	138	(1)
Informed Consent	138	(1)
Release of Information	139	(1)
Confidentiality	139	(2)
Privileged Communication	140	(1)
Being a Courtroom Witness	140	(1)
Being Named in a Lawsuit	141	(1)
Summary	141	(1)
References	141	(4)
PART III THE INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE
Guidelines for Interns Working With Special Populations	145	(34)
Patrick B. Malley
Eileen Petty Reilly
The Client Who is Potentially Harmful to Self	145	(8)
Definition of Suicide	145	(1)
Training Regarding Suicide	145	(1)
Ethical Mandates and Danger to Self	146	(1)
Legal Mandates and Danger to Self	147	(1)
Characteristics of Potential Harm to Self	148	(1)
Interventions	149	(1)
Childhood Depression	149	(1)
School-Based Suicide Prevention Programs	150	(1)
Suicide Intervention in the School	151	(1)
Suicide Intervention in the College and University	152	(1)
The Potentially Dangerous Client	153	(4)
The Tarasoff Case	153	(2)
Assessing Danger to Others	155	(2)
Patient's Past Criminal Acts	157	(1)
The Abused Child	157	(6)
Child Abuse	157	(1)
Definition of Child Abuse	157	(1)
Reporting Child Abuse	158	(1)
Characteristics of Child Abusers	158	(1)
Characteristics of Abused Children	159	(1)
Child Sexual Abuse	160	(2)
Interviewing Children Who May Have Been Sexually Abused	162	(1)
Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse	163	(2)
Counseling Adult Survivors of Incest	164	(1)
False Memory Syndrome	164	(1)
The Client With AIDS	165	(4)
HIV and AIDS	165	(1)
Guidelines for Working with Clients With HIV or AIDS	166	(1)
Ethical Positions	166	(1)
Legal Positions	167	(2)
The Substance-Abusing Client	169	(3)
Substance Abuse	169	(1)
Assessment Instruments	169	(1)
Counseling Recommendations	170	(1)
Preventing Relapse	171	(1)
Conclusions	172	(1)
Summary	172	(1)
References	172	(7)
Consultation in the Schools and Mental Health Agencies: Models and Methods	179	(30)
John C. Boylan
Definition	179	(1)
Mental Health Consultation	180	(2)
School Consultation	182	(17)
A Systems Approach to School Counselor Consultation	184	(8)
Jo Anna White
Fran Mullis
An Integrative Consultation Framework: A Practical Tool for Elementary Counselors	192	(7)
Alex s. Hall
Meei-Ju Lin
Guidelines for School and Mental Health Consultation	199	(5)
Entry into the System	199	(1)
Orientation to Consultation	200	(1)
Problem Identification	200	(1)
Consultation Intervention	200	(2)
Assessing the Impact of Consultation	202	(1)
Process and Content Models of Consultation	202	(1)
Resistance to Consultation	203	(1)
Contracting and the Forces of Change in the Organization	204	(1)
Summary	205	(1)
Suggested Readings	205	(1)
References	206	(3)
Internship Preparation	209	(12)
John C. Boylan
Selection and Evaluation of an Internship Site	209	(4)
A Proposed Interview Guide for Intern Applicants	210	(3)
Jeffery B. Hersch
Kent Poey
The Internship Agreement	213	(1)
Intern Roles and Responsibilities	213	(1)
Individual Performance Plan	213	(1)
Beginning Counselor Supervision	214	(1)
Stages of Internship	215	(1)
Anticipation	215	(1)
Disillusionment	215	(1)
Confrontation	215	(1)
Competence	216	(1)
Culmination	216	(1)
Internship Experience	216	(3)
Models of Supervision	216	(1)
Supervisees: What Should I Look for in Supervision?	217	(1)
Supervisee: How Am I to Be Evaluated?	217	(1)
Supervisee Resistance	218	(1)
Summary	219	(1)
Suggested Readings	219	(1)
References	220	(1)
The Internship Experience	221	(16)
John C. Boylan
Coordination of the Internship	223	(1)
On-Campus Supervision	223	(1)
Crisis Intervention	223	(4)
Crisis Intervention: The Kanel Model	224	(1)
Crisis Intervention: The Gilliland and James Model	225	(1)
Crisis Intervention: A Model for Teachers	226	(1)
Summary	227	(1)
Psychiatric Medications	227	(4)
Antidepressant Medications	228	(1)
Antianxiety Medications	229	(1)
Antipsychotic Medications	229	(1)
Lithium	230	(1)
Special Populations: Psychopharmacological Treatments for Children and Adolescents	230	(1)
Medication Dosage Schedule	231	(1)
Brief Therapies	231	(4)
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy	231	(1)
Strategic Solution-Focused Therapy	232	(1)
Major Approaches to Brief Therapy	233	(2)
Summary	235	(1)
Suggested Readings	235	(1)
References	235	(2)
Final Evaluation	237	(2)
John C. Boylan
Index	239