Prelude to Programming : Concepts and Design

by Venit, Stewart; Drake, Elizabeth

• ISBN13: 9780321418517
• ISBN10: 0321418514
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Addison Wesley

Summary

Key Benefit:Prelude to Programming provides readers with a language-independent framework for learning core programming concepts and effective design techniques. This approach gives readers the foundation they need to understand the logic behind program design and to establish effective programming skills.Key Topics:Core programming concepts, such as data types, control structures, data files and arrays and program design techniques, such as top-down modular design and proper program documentation and style. Also included are basic programming tools and algorithms which include data validation, defensive programming, calculating sums and averages, and searching and sorting lists.Market:This book is for readers who have no programming background and want to learn the fundamental skills of programming logic and design.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(26)
Computers Everywhere	1	(1)
A Brief History of Computers	2	(7)
What Is a Computer?	2	(1)
Early Computers	2	(3)
Personal Computers	5	(1)
Today's Computers	6	(1)
The Internet	7	(2)
Computer Basics	9	(7)
The Central Processing Unit	10	(1)
Internal Memory	11	(1)
Mass Storage Devices	12	(2)
Input Devices	14	(1)
Output Devices	14	(2)
Software and Programming Languages	16	(11)
Types of Software	16	(2)
Types of Programming Languages	18	(3)
Chapter Review and Exercises	21	(6)
An Introduction to Programming	27	(42)
In the Everyday World: You Are Already a Programmer!	28	(1)
What Is Programming?	28	(4)
A General Problem-Solving Strategy	29	(2)
Creating Computer Programs: The Program Development Cycle	31	(1)
Basic Programming Concepts	32	(9)
A Simple Program	32	(1)
The Price Conversion Program	33	(2)
Data Input	35	(1)
The Input and Write Statements	36	(1)
Use Input Prompts	37	(1)
Other Forms of Input	37	(1)
Program Variables and Constants	37	(2)
Variables Names	39	(1)
Variable Names Should Be Meaningful!	39	(1)
What's Really Going On with Variables in the Computer?	40	(1)
Data Processing and Output	41	(9)
Processing Data	41	(1)
The Set Statement	42	(1)
Assigning and Reassigning Values to Variables	42	(1)
Operations on Data	43	(1)
Hierarchy of Operations	44	(2)
Data Output	46	(1)
The Write Statement Revisited	47	(1)
Annotate Your Output	48	(2)
Types of Data	50	(19)
Numeric Data	51	(1)
Integers	51	(1)
Dividing Integers	52	(1)
Real Numbers	52	(1)
The Declare Statement	53	(1)
The Last Word on Price Conversion	54	(1)
Scientific and Exponential Notation	55	(2)
Character String Data	57	(1)
The Character Data Type	58	(1)
Operating on Strings	58	(3)
Chapter Review and Exercises	61	(8)
Developing a Program	69	(54)
In the Everyday World: Planning to Program? You Need a Plan	70	(1)
The Program Development Cycle	71	(9)
The Process of Developing a Program	71	(1)
Analyze the Problem	71	(1)
Design the Program	72	(1)
Code the Program	73	(1)
Test the Program	74	(2)
Additional Steps in the Cycle	76	(4)
Program Design	80	(10)
Modular Programming	80	(1)
Using Modules and Submodules	81	(1)
Benefits of Modular Programming	81	(5)
Provide a Welcome Message at the Beginning of Your Program	86	(4)
Coding, Documenting, and Testing a Program	90	(5)
Coding and Documenting a Program	90	(1)
How Can a Computer Know What to Ignore?	91	(2)
External Documentation	93	(1)
Types of Errors	94	(1)
Commercial Programs: Testing and Documenting	95	(5)
The Testing Phase Revisited	96	(1)
External Documentation	97	(1)
The User's Guide	97	(1)
The Program Maintenance Manual	98	(1)
Design Documentation	98	(1)
Trade Study Documentation	99	(1)
Structured Programming	100	(6)
Flowcharts	100	(1)
Control Structures	101	(1)
The Sequential Structure	101	(2)
Loop or Repetition Structures	103	(1)
Decision or Selection Structures	103	(3)
An Introduction to OOP and GUIs	106	(17)
GUIs and Event-Driven Programming	106	(4)
Object-Oriented Programming	110	(2)
Object-Oriented Programming Design	112	(2)
Everyone Needs Structured Programming	114	(1)
Chapter Review and Exercises	115	(8)
Selection Structures: Making Decisions	123	(54)
In the Everyday World: Decisions, decisions, decisions . . .	124	(1)
An Introduction to Selection Structures	125	(8)
Types of Selection Structures	125	(2)
Single- and Dual-Alternative Structures	127	(1)
Single-Alternative Structure: The If - Then Structure	127	(2)
Dual-Alternative Structure: The If - Then - Else Structure	129	(4)
Relational and Logical Operators	133	(13)
Relational Operators	133	(1)
A Little More Explanation about Relational Operators	134	(3)
Logical Operators	137	(1)
Truth Tables for the OR, AND, and NOT Operators	138	(2)
Compounding the Compound Condition Issue	140	(3)
Hierarchy of Operations	143	(3)
Selecting from Several Alternatives	146	(8)
Using If Structures	147	(3)
The Action of a Case Statement	150	(4)
Applications of Selection Structures	154	(7)
Defensive Programming	154	(4)
Menu-Driven Programs	158	(3)
Focus on Problem Solving: A New Car Price Calculator	161	(16)
Problem Statement	161	(1)
Problem Analysis	162	(1)
Program Design	162	(4)
Program Code	166	(1)
Program Test	166	(1)
Chapter Review and Exercises	167	(10)
Repetition Structures: Looping	177	(62)
In the Everyday World: Loops	178	(1)
An Introduction to Repetition Structures: Computers Never Get Bored!	179	(10)
A Simple Example of a Loop	179	(2)
Beware of the Infinite Loop!	181	(2)
Relational and Logical Operators	183	(1)
Pre-Test and Post-Test Loops	184	(5)
Counter-Controlled Loops	189	(13)
Constructing a Counter-Controlled Loop	190	(1)
Summing: How a Computer Adds	190	(3)
Counting Up, Down, and Every Way	193	(1)
Built-In Counter-Controlled Loops	193	(4)
The Careful Bean Counter	197	(5)
Applications of Repetition Structures	202	(13)
Using Sentinel-Controlled Loops to Input Data	202	(2)
Data Validation	204	(11)
Nested Loops	215	(8)
Nested For Loops	215	(3)
Nesting Other Kinds of Loops	218	(2)
Nesting Loops and Selection Structures	220	(3)
Focus on Problem Solving: A Cost, Revenue, and Profit Problem	223	(16)
Problem Statement	223	(1)
Problem Analysis	224	(2)
Program Design	226	(3)
Program Code	229	(1)
Program Test	230	(2)
Chapter Review and Exercises	232	(7)
Arrays: Lists and Tables	239	(62)
In the Everyday World: Arrays	240	(1)
One-Dimensional Arrays	241	(15)
Array Basics	241	(1)
Declaring Arrays	242	(6)
Parallel Arrays	248	(4)
Some Advantages of Using Arrays	252	(4)
Searching and Sorting Arrays	256	(16)
The Serial Search Technique	256	(5)
The Bubble Sort Technique	261	(10)
Other Sorts of Sorting	271	(1)
Other Uses of Arrays	272	(5)
Strings As Arrays of Characters	272	(1)
Declaring an Array As a Data Type	272	(2)
String Length versus Array Size	274	(3)
Two-Dimensional Arrays	277	(7)
An Introduction to Two-Dimensional Arrays	277	(1)
Declaring Two-Dimensional Arrays	278	(1)
Using Two-Dimensional Arrays	279	(5)
Focus on Problem Solving: An Invoice Preparation Program	284	(17)
Problem Statement	284	(1)
Problem Analysis	285	(1)
Program Design	285	(5)
Program Code	290	(1)
Program Test	291	(1)
Chapter Review and Exercises	292	(9)
Sequential Data Files	301	(40)
In the Everyday World: Data Files	302	(1)
An Introduction to Data Files	303	(9)
File Basics	303	(3)
Creating and Reading Sequential Files	306	(6)
Modifying a Sequential File	312	(10)
Deleting Records	314	(2)
Modifying Records	316	(1)
Inserting Records	317	(3)
Using Arrays in File Maintenance	320	(2)
Merging Sequential Files	322	(4)
Focus on Problem Solving: Control Break Processing	326	(15)
Problem Statement	326	(1)
Problem Analysis	327	(1)
Program Design	328	(3)
Program Code	331	(1)
Program Test	332	(1)
Chapter Review and Exercises	333	(8)
More about Program Modules and Submodules	341	(56)
In the Everyday World: Subprograms	342	(1)
Data Flow Diagrams and Parameters	343	(10)
The Big Sale: Sale Price Computation	343	(2)
Data Flow Diagrams	345	(1)
IPO Charts	346	(1)
An Introduction to Arguments and Parameters	346	(7)
More on Subprograms	353	(10)
Value and Reference Parameters	353	(6)
The Scope of a Variable	359	(4)
Functions	363	(7)
Built-In Functions	363	(3)
User-Defined Functions	366	(4)
Recursion	370	(6)
Focus on Problem Solving: A Grade Management Problem	376	(21)
Problem Statement	377	(1)
Problem Analysis	377	(1)
Program Design	377	(8)
Program Code	385	(1)
Program Test	386	(1)
What Would Happen?	386	(2)
Chapter Review and Exercises	388	(9)
More about OOP and GUIs	397	(52)
In the Everyday World: Objects	398	(1)
Classes and Objects	399	(7)
Terminology	399	(1)
Defining Classes and Creating Objects	400	(2)
Public versus Private Attributes and Methods	402	(1)
Creating Objects	403	(2)
The Constructor	405	(1)
More on Object-Oriented Programming	406	(10)
Benefits of Object-Oriented Languages	406	(1)
Inheritance and Polymorphism	406	(7)
Object-Oriented Program Design	413	(3)
Graphical User Interfaces Revisited	416	(6)
Window Components	417	(2)
Creating GUI Objects in a Program	419	(3)
Event-Driven Programming	422	(6)
Handling Events	422	(1)
A Simple GUI Program	423	(3)
Event-Driven Program Design	426	(2)
Focus on Problem Solving: The Grade Management Program Revisited	428	(21)
Problem Statement	428	(1)
Problem Analysis	428	(1)
Program Design	429	(8)
Program Code	437	(1)
Program Test	437	(1)
Chapter Review and Exercises	438	(11)
More about Data, Arrays, and Files	449	(46)
In the Everyday World: The Tools You Need	450	(1)
Random Numbers	450	(5)
Not Really Random: The Pseudorandom Number	453	(2)
ASCII Code	455	(6)
Representing Characters by Numbers	455	(6)
More on Searching and Sorting	461	(10)
Binary Search	461	(5)
Selection Sort	466	(5)
An Introduction to Direct-Access Files	471	(7)
Setting Up a Direct-Access File	472	(1)
The Direct-Access File Structure	472	(2)
Transmitting Data to and from a Direct-Access File	474	(4)
Using Direct-Access Files: Indexed Files	478	(17)
Direct-Access File Maintenance	478	(4)
Indexed Files	482	(4)
Chapter Review and Exercises	486	(9)
Study Skills	495	(10)
Glossary	505	(20)
Index	525