Premises Cabling

by Sterling, Donald J.; Baxter, Les

• ISBN13: 9781401898205
• ISBN10: 1401898203
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-12-21
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

There is no better introduction to premises cabling, its components, and its varieties than this basic yet technically accurate presentation of structured cabling systems for both business and home. Now in its Third Edition, Premises Cabling has been updated and revised to reflect the latest developments in the industry, such as the Augmented Category 6 UTP cable, the 10GBASE-T Ethernet standard, application-oriented data center cabling, industrial cabling, wireless networks, and more. With the growing importance of standards-based systems, this book is built around various standards for generic cabling systems, such as TIA/EIA-569B for commercial buildings and -570B for homes.

Table of Contents

About the Authors	ix
Preface	viixi
Acknowledgements	viixiii
Introduction	1	(12)
The Physical Plant Is Critical	2	(1)
Standards Are Us	3	(2)
The Bandwidth Crunch	5	(2)
Building Cabling	7	(1)
Networks	8	(2)
Building Cabling: The System	10	(3)
Copper Cables	13	(42)
Noise	14	(1)
Crosstalk	14	(1)
Next	15	(1)
Fext	16	(1)
Power-Sum Next and Elfext	17	(1)
Alien Crosstalk	17	(3)
The Decibel	20	(1)
Impedance	20	(3)
Attenuation	23	(1)
Return Loss	23	(1)
Propagation Delay	24	(1)
Skew	24	(1)
Coaxial Cable	24	(2)
Coaxial Cable Characteristics	26	(1)
Characteristic Impedance	26	(1)
Velocity of Propagation	26	(1)
Propagation Delay	26	(1)
Termination	26	(1)
Coaxial Cables for Networks	27	(1)
Twisted-Pair Cables	27	(4)
Categories of Twisted-Pair Cable	29	(2)
UTP market Share	31	(1)
Megahertz versus Megabits	31	(5)
Modulation Codes	33	(1)
nB/nB Encoding	34	(1)
Carrierless Amplitude and Phase Modulation	35	(1)
Unshielded Twisted Pairs	36	(3)
The Special Case of Categories 5 and 6	37	(1)
Twisted-Pair Construction	37	(2)
UTP Characteristics	39	(9)
Next and Elfext Losses	39	(3)
Structural Return Loss	42	(1)
Attenuation-to-Crosstalk Ratio	42	(2)
Putting It All Together: Attenuation, Next, and Elfext	44	(1)
Balance	45	(3)
Shielded Twisted-Pair Cable	48	(1)
Category 7 STP	49	(1)
Screened UTP	49	(1)
Cable Lengths	50	(1)
Flammability Ratings	51	(4)
Fiber Optics	55	(26)
The Advantages of Fiber	55	(2)
Information-Carrying Capacity	55	(1)
Low Loss	56	(1)
Electromagnetic Immunity	56	(1)
Light Weight	57	(1)
Smaller Size	57	(1)
Safety	57	(1)
Security	57	(1)
The Disadvantages of Fiber	57	(1)
Fibers and Cables	58	(11)
Total Internal Reflection	58	(1)
Types of Fibers: Single-Mode or Multimode?	59	(2)
Numerical Aperature (NA)	61	(1)
Attenuation	61	(1)
Bandwidth	62	(1)
Return Loss	63	(1)
More About Cable Distances and Bandwidth	64	(2)
10-Gigabit Ethernet	66	(1)
Wavelength-Division Multiplexing: Increasing a Fiber's Capacity	66	(1)
Plastic optical Fiber (POF)	67	(1)
Cables	68	(1)
Transmitters And Receivers	69	(1)
Getting the Information In and Out	69	(1)
Lasers and LEDs	70	(2)
Output Power	70	(1)
Spectral Width	71	(1)
Speed	71	(1)
VCSELs	72	(2)
Resonant Cavity LEDs	73	(1)
Detectors	73	(1)
Transmitters, Receivers, and Transceivers	74	(1)
Link Power Margin	75	(1)
Alignment: The Key to Low Loss	76	(1)
Flammability Ratings	76	(1)
Fiber versus Copper: The Debate	77	(4)
Pro-Copper Arguments	77	(4)
Connectors and Interconnection Hardware	81	(34)
Terminating a Copper Cable	81	(2)
Crimping	82	(1)
Insulation Displacement	82	(1)
Modular Jacks and Plugs	83	(4)
Compatibility	85	(2)
UTP Connector Performance Requirements	87	(2)
Pinouts	88	(1)
Keying	88	(1)
Wire All 8 Positions	88	(1)
Data Connectors	89	(1)
25-Pair Connectors	90	(1)
Category 7 Connectors	90	(2)
Fiber-Optic Connectors	92	(12)
Terminating a Fiber	93	(1)
Types of Fiber-Optic Connectors	93	(3)
Small-Form-Factor Connectors	96	(6)
Coaxial Connectors	102	(2)
Patch Panels	104	(1)
Punch-Down Blocks	105	(1)
Type 66 Cross Connects	106	(1)
Cross Connects	106	(4)
Application Guidelines	110	(1)
Outlets	111	(4)
Patch Cords	112	(3)
Networks	115	(44)
Lan	116	(1)
Network Layers	117	(5)
Physical Layer	118	(1)
Data-Link Laye	118	(1)
Network Layer	119	(1)
Transport Layer	119	(1)
Session Layer	119	(1)
Presentation Layer	119	(1)
Application Layer	119	(3)
Access Method	122	(1)
Frames	122	(2)
IP	124	(1)
Shared versus Switched Media	125	(2)
Quality of Service	127	(1)
Types of Networks	127	(1)
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet	127	(5)
10BASE-5	128	(1)
10BASE-2	129	(1)
10BASE-T	129	(3)
10BASE-F	132	(1)
IEEE 802.3 Fast Ethernet	132
Gigabit Ethernet	134	(2)
10-Gigabit Ethernet	136	(2)
Ethernet Summary	138	(1)
Power over Ethernet	138
Token Ring	128	(12)
IEEE 1394 (FireWire)	140	(1)
FDDI	140	(1)
Fibre Channel	141	(1)
ATM	142	(5)
53-Bytes	142	(3)
Digital Video	145	(1)
Video Encoding	146	(1)
Some Network Devices	147	(2)
Minis and Mainframes	149	(4)
Baluns and Media Filters	152	(1)
PBXs and Telephone Cabling	153	(2)
Voice Over IP (VoIP)	154	(1)
Convergence	155	(4)
System Considerations	159	(20)
Installed Cabling Configurations	159	(4)
Telecommunications Spaces	163	(1)
A Note on TIA/EIA/ and ISO/IEC Terminology	163	(1)
Cross Connects and Distribution Frames	164	(1)
System Architectures	164	(6)
Distributed Network	164	(1)
Centralized Network	165	(2)
Zone Network	167	(1)
Multibuilding Systems	168	(1)
Customer-Owned Outside Plant	168	(2)
Fault Tolerance	170	(2)
Planning an Installation	172	(2)
Interpreting Cabling Specifications	174	(2)
Cabling System Warranties	176	(3)
Application-Oriented Cabling Standards	179	(20)
Building Automation Systems	180	(8)
Parts of a Building Automation System	181	(1)
Cabling the Building Automation System	182	(2)
TIA-862 Cabling Architecture	184	(3)
Building Automation Architectures	187	(1)
Data Center Cabling	188	(1)
Data Center Architecture	189	(2)
Data Center Cabling	190	(1)
Data Center Redundancy	190	(1)
Industrial Cabling Systems	191	(2)
Industrial Cabling	191	(1)
Environmental Categories	192	(1)
Cabling for Wireless LANs	193	(6)
WLAN Architecture	193	(3)
WLAN Cabling Considerations	196	(3)
Installing Cabling Systems	199	(18)
General Cable Installation Guidelines	200	(5)
Neatness Counts	200	(1)
Cabling Installation Standards	201	(1)
Never Exceed the Minimum Bend Radius	201	(1)
Maintain Proper Tensile Loads During and After Installation	202	(1)
Provide Support for Vertical Cables	203	(1)
Avoid Deforming the Cable When Supporting It	204	(1)
Keep Cables Away from EMI Sources	204	(1)
Observe Fill Ratios for Conduits	205	(1)
Reduce Loads by Pulling from the Center	205	(1)
Avoid Splices	205	(1)
Interbuilding Cables	205	(1)
Terminating Cables	206	(6)
Terminating Modular Connectors	206	(5)
Terminating Fiber-Optic Connectors	211	(1)
Polarization of Fiber-Optic Cables	211	(1)
Grounding	212	(1)
Surge Protection	213	(1)
National Electrical Code®	213	(4)
Certifying the Cabling System	217	(24)
Component, Link, and channel Testing	217	(1)
Certification Tools for Copper Cable	218	(6)
Time Domain: Where is the Fault?	219	(1)
Wire Maps	220	(1)
Cable Length	221	(1)
Next Loss	221	(1)
Attenuation	222	(1)
Attenuation-to-Crosstalk Ratio	222	(1)
Capacitance	222	(1)
DC Loop Resistance	222	(1)
Impedance	222	(1)
Pass/Fail and Accuracy	223	(1)
Troubleshooting UTP Cabling	224	(4)
Wire Map Troubleshooting	224	(2)
Length Fault Troubleshooting	226	(1)
Next and Elfext Troubleshooting	226	(1)
Attenuation Troubleshooting	227	(1)
Attenuation-to-Crosstalk Ratio Troubleshooting	227	(1)
Capacitance Troubleshooting	227	(1)
Loop Resistance Troubleshooting	227	(1)
Impedance and Return Loss Troubleshooting	227	(1)
Recurring Problems	227	(1)
Fiber Testing	228	(3)
Continuity Testing	228	(1)
Warning: Never Look into an Energized Fiber	228	(1)
Link Attenuation	228	(3)
Understanding Fiber-Optic Testing	231	(2)
Standard Tests	233	(5)
Power Meters	233	(1)
Link Certification with a Power Meter (OFSTP-14)	234	(1)
Testing Patch Cables (FOTP-171)	235	(1)
Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry	235	(2)
Measuring Link Attenuation with OTDR (FOTP-61)	237	(1)
Troubleshooting an Optical Link	238	(1)
A Note on ISO/IEC Testing Requirements	238	(3)
Documenting and Administering the Installation	241	(12)
Classes of Administration	242	(1)
What's in the Documentation	243	(1)
Labels	242	(1)
Records	243	(1)
Drawings	243	(1)
Work Orders	243	(1)
Reports	244	(1)
What's in a Record	244	(1)
Color Coding	245	(1)
Cable Management Software	245	(4)
Smart Patching	249	(4)
Residential Cabling Systems	253	(61)
Trends in Living	253	(4)
Entertainment	253	(1)
The Internet	254	(1)
Home Offices/Home Networks	254	(2)
Home Automation	256	(1)
Smart Appliances	256	(1)
Two Notes About Home Cabling	257	(1)
TIA/EIA-570A: The Residential Cabling Standard	257	(4)
Residential Cabling Design Considerations	260	(1)
What About Fiber?	261	(1)
A Closer Look at Broadband Services	262	(2)
Analog Modem	262	(2)
DSL 262
Cable Modems	264	(1)
Satellite	264	(1)
Wi-Fi	265	(1)
New Access Technologies	265	(1)
Home Networking	266	(1)
IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet)	267	(1)
IEEE 1394 (FireWire)	267	(3)
IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi)	270	(1)
No New Wires (NNW) Networks	271	(1)
HomeRF	272	(1)
Legacy home Networking Technologies	273	(4)
APPENDICES
Appendix A Premises Cabling Specifications	277	(10)
Appendix B Abbreviations and Acronyms	287	(4)
Appendix C Glossary	291	(8)
Appendix D Cable Color Codes	299	(4)
Appendix E Further Reading	303	(4)
Appendix F The Decibel	307	(7)
Index	314