Prentice Hall Laboratory Manual for Introductory Chemistry

by Corwin, Charles H.

• ISBN13: 9780130623331
• ISBN10: 0130623334
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-01-01
• Publisher: PRENTICE HALL

Summary

This comprehensive book gives readers easy access to the basic concepts and their relevant connections of the chemical principles operating in everyday life. Numerous examples and real-world applications provide chemistry enthusiasts with long-term, meaningful understandings. Chapter topics include scientific measurements, matter and energy, models of the atom, chemical reactions, the mole concept, liquids and solids, acids and bases, oxidation and reduction, chemical equilibrium, nuclear and organic chemistry, and biochemistry. For those who understand that knowledge of chemistry constitutes an empowering life skill.

Table of Contents

Preface to the Third Edition	ix
Safety Precautions	1	(2)
Locker Inventory	3	(4)
EXPERIMENTS
Introduction to Chemistry	7	(10)
Topic: The Scientific Method
Instructor Demonstrations
Student Experiments
Instrumental Measurements	17	(14)
Topic: The Metric System
Mass Measurement
Length Measurement
Volume Measurement
Temperature Measurement
Time Measurement
Mass and Volume of an Unknown Solid
Metric Estimations
Density of Liquids and Solids	31	(14)
Topic: Density
Instructor Demonstration
Density of Water
Density of an Unknown Liquid
Density of a Rubber Stopper
Density of an Unknown Solid
Thickness of Aluminum Foil
Freezing Points and Melting Points	45	(12)
Topic: Change of Physical State
Cooling Curve and Freezing Point
Melting Point of an Unknown
Physical Properties and Chemical Properties	57	(10)
Topic: Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
Chemical Properties
``Atomic Fingerprints''	67	(12)
Topic: Emission Spectra and Electron Energy Levels
Continuous Spectrum vs Line Spectrum
Identifying the Element in a Fluorescent Light
Hydrogen Emission Spectrum
Families of Elements	79	(10)
Topic: The Periodic Table
Analysis of Known Solutions
Analysis of an Unknown Solution
Identifying Cations in Solution	89	(12)
Topic: Qualitative Cation Analysis
Analysis of a Known Cation Solution
Analysis of an Unknown Cation Solution
Identifying Anions in Solution	101	(10)
Topic: Qualitative Anion Analysis
Analysis of a Known Anion Solution
Analysis of an Unknown Anion Solution
Analysis of a Penny	111	(12)
Topic: Writing Chemical Equations
Combination Reactions-Instructor Demonstrations
Decomposition Reactions
Single-Replacement Reactions
Double-Replacement Reactions
Neutralization Reactions
Percentages of Copper and Zinc in a Penny
Determination of Avogadro's Number	123	(10)
Topic: Avogadro's Number and the Mole Concept
Calibrating a Dropper Pipet
Determining Avogadro's Number
Empirical Formulas of Compounds	133	(10)
Topic: Empirical Formula
Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide
Empirical Formula of Copper Sulfide
Analysis of Alum	143	(10)
Topic: Percent Composition and Empirical Formula
Percentage of Water in Alum Hydrate
Percentage of Water in an Unknown Hydrate
Water of Crystallization in an Unknown Hydrate
Decomposing Baking Soda	153	(10)
Topic: Mass-Mass Stoichiometry and Percent Yield
Percent Yield of Sodium Carbonate
Percentage of Baking Soda in an Unknown Mixture
Precipitating Calcium Phosphate	163	(10)
Topic: Mass-Mass Stoichiometry and Percent Yield
Percent Yield of Calcium Phosphate
Percentage of Calcium Chloride in an Unknown Mixture
Generating Hydrogen Gas	173	(10)
Topic: Mass-Volume Stoichiometry and Combined Gas Law
Molar Volume of Hydrogen Gas
Atomic Mass of an Unknown Metal
Generating Oxygen Gas	183	(10)
Topic: Mass-Volume Stoichiometry and Combined Gas Law
Percentage of Potassium Chlorate in a Known Mixture
Percentage of Potassium Chlorate in an Unknown Mixture
Molecular Models and Chemical Bonds	193	(16)
Topic: Chemical Bonding and Electron Dot Formulas
Molecular Models with Single Bonds
Molecular Models with Double Bonds
Molecular Models with Triple Bonds
Molecular Models with Two Double Bonds
Unknown Molecular Models
Analysis of Saltwater	209	(10)
Topic: Solubility and Solution Concentration
Solutes and Solvents
Rate of Dissolving
Demonstration of Supersaturation
Concentration of Sodium Chloride in Saltwater
Analysis of Vinegar	219	(10)
Topic: Acid-Base Titrations
Preparation of Standard Sodium Hydroxide Solution
Concentration of Acetic Acid in Vinegar
Electrical Conductivity of Aqueous Solutions	229	(14)
Topic: Net Ionic Equations
Conductivity Testing-Evidence for Ions in Aqueous Solution
Conductivity Testing-Evidence for a Chemical Reaction
Net Ionic Equations-A Study Assignment
Activity Series of Metals	243	(14)
Topic: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Oxidation Numbers of Manganese
Oxidation Numbers of Chromium
Oxidation Numbers of Sulfur
Oxidation Numbers of Nitrogen
Oxidation-Reduction Equations
Activity Series and an Unknown Metal
Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Rays	257	(10)
Topic: Writing Nuclear Equations
Natural Radioactivity
Uranium-235 Decay Series
Artificial Radioactivity
Organic Models and Functional Groups	267	(16)
Topic: Classes of Organic Compounds
Molecular Models of Hydrocarbons
Molecular Models of Hydrocarbon Derivatives
Unknown Molecular Models
Separation of Food Colors and Amino Acids	283
Topic: Separation of Biochemical Compounds
Separation of Food Colors by Paper Chromatography
Identification of Amino Acids by Paper Chromatography
APPENDICES
A Laboratory Burner	295
B Platform Balance	296
C Beam Balance	297
D Electronic Balance	298
E Volumetric Pipet	299
F Common Cations and Anions	300
G Activity Series	302
H Solubility Rules for Ionic Compounds	303
I Glossary	304
J Answers to Prelaboratory Assignments	313