Primate Behavioral Ecology

by Strier, Karen B.

• ISBN13: 9780205200191
• ISBN10: 0205200192
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-11-01
• Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Summary

"Primate Behavioral Ecology," described as "an engaging, cutting-edge exposition," incorporates exciting new discoveries and the most up-to-date approaches in its introduction to the field and its applications of behavioral ecology to primate conservation. One reviewer declares, ""I can't imagine teaching a course on primate behavior or ecology without this text."" This unique, comprehensive, single-authoredtext integrates the basics of evolutionary, ecological, and demographic perspectives with contemporary noninvasive molecular and hormonal techniques to understand how different primates behave and the significance of these insights for primate conservation. Examples are drawn from the "classic" primate field studies and more recent studies on previously neglected species from across the primate order, illustrating the vast behavioral variation that we now know exists and the gaps in our knowledge that future studies will fill.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Introduction to Primate Studies	1	(34)
Primates as Study Subjects	8	(1)
Descriptive Studies	9	(15)
Anthropocentric Perspectives	10	(4)
Comparative Biology	14	(2)
Early Classification Schemes	16	(5)
Field and Captive Studies	21	(3)
Evolutionary Models and Problem-Oriented Studies	24	(9)
Sociobiology and Behavioral Ecology	26	(1)
Testing Predictions about Behavioral Adaptations	27	(6)
Conservation Applications	33	(2)
Traits, Trends, and Taxonomy	35	(32)
Distinguishing Traits	37	(11)
Allometric Scaling of Brain and Body Size	38	(4)
Other Morphological Traits	42	(6)
Cladistic Analyses	48	(15)
Major Taxonomic Groups	49	(12)
Systematics	61	(2)
Phylogenetic Analyses of Behavior	63	(4)
Evidence Related to Diet	63	(1)
Evidence Related to Mating Systems	64	(1)
Evidence Related to Dispersal Patterns	65	(2)
Primates Past to Present	67	(24)
Evolutionary History	68	(2)
The Cenozoic Period	70	(11)
Paleocene Uncertainties	70	(1)
Eocene Emergents	70	(2)
Eocene-Oligocene Origins	72	(1)
Oligocene Diversity	73	(1)
Miocene Monkeys and Apes	73	(3)
Pliocene Highlights	76	(1)
Pleistocene Glaciations	76	(2)
Holocene	78	(3)
Interpreting Diversity Today	81	(10)
Intraspecific Variation	82	(1)
Local Population Variability	82	(8)
Implications for Primate Behavioral Ecology	90	(1)
Evolution and Social Behavior	91	(42)
Natural Selection	93	(21)
Sources of Genetic Variation	94	(9)
Genetic versus Environmental Influences	103	(11)
Kin Selection and Reciprocal Altruism	114	(14)
Altruism and the Challenge of Group Selection	114	(1)
Selfish Benefits of Helping Kin	115	(8)
Benefits of Helping Nonkin	123	(5)
Individual Strategies and Social Organizations	128	(5)
Conflict and Cooperation among Same-Sexed Individuals	129	(3)
Conflicts between the Sexes	132	(1)
Evolution and Sex	133	(35)
Sexual Selection	135	(4)
Sexual Dimorphism	139	(2)
Phylogenetic Constraints	139	(1)
Ecological Constraints	139	(2)
Mating Patterns	141	(18)
Mating Patterns When Females are Solitary	141	(9)
Mating Patterns When Females Form Groups	150	(9)
Female Mating Strategies	159	(6)
Sperm and Fertilization	160	(1)
Food and Safety from Predators	160	(1)
Allies against Aggression	160	(1)
Parental Investment	161	(1)
Good Genes	162	(1)
Sexual Signals	162	(3)
Male Rank and Reproductive Success	165	(3)
Food and Females	168	(27)
Food Quality	171	(13)
Energy and Nutrients	172	(1)
Digestibility and Edibility	173	(3)
Body Size Energetics and Turnover Rates	176	(5)
Reproductive Energetics	181	(3)
The Spatial Distribution of Foods	184	(4)
Patch Size and Feeding Efficiency	184	(3)
Effects of Patch Density	187	(1)
The Temporal Availability of Foods	188	(4)
Behavioral Adjustments to Food Seasonality	189	(2)
Reproductive Seasonality	191	(1)
Interpreting Diets and Their Behavioral Correlates	192	(3)
Evaluating ``Critical Functions''	193	(1)
Effects of Altered Habitats	194	(1)
Female Strategies	195	(34)
Ecology of Female Relationships	197	(4)
Types of Relationships	197	(1)
Within- and Between-Group Competition	198	(3)
Social Dynamics in Female Groups	201	(22)
Matrilineal Societies	201	(13)
Life without Kin	214	(9)
Population Consequences of Female Strategies	223	(6)
Habitat Fragmentation	223	(3)
Reproductive Implications	226	(1)
Manipulating Sex Ratios	226	(3)
Male Strategies	229	(24)
Ecology of Male Relationships	230	(6)
Types of Relationships	231	(2)
Within- and Between-Group Competition	233	(3)
Social Dynamics among Males	236	(14)
Patrilineal Societies	236	(8)
When Males Disperse	244	(6)
Population Consequences	250	(3)
Developmental Stages	253	(19)
Fertilization to Birth	254	(1)
Infancy	255	(8)
Maternal Care	257	(1)
Paternal Care	257	(2)
Alloparental Care	259	(4)
Weaning Conflict	263	(3)
Juvenile Challenges	266	(6)
Staying Alive	267	(2)
Social Skills	269	(2)
Population Consequences of Sex Differences in Mortality	271	(1)
Communication and Cognition	272	(30)
Components of Communication Systems	275	(1)
Modes of Primate Communication	276	(13)
Tactile Communication	277	(1)
Visual Communication	278	(3)
Olfactory Communication	281	(1)
Vocal Communication	282	(7)
Cognition	289	(9)
Learning and Imitation	289	(1)
Ecological Intelligence	290	(4)
Social Intelligence	294	(4)
Implications for the Ethical Treatment of Primates	298	(4)
Community Ecology	302	(19)
Primate Communities	302	(13)
Niche Divergence	304	(2)
Polyspecific Associations	306	(9)
Primate---Plant Interactions	315	(4)
Pollination	316	(1)
Seed Dispersal	317	(2)
Conservation of Communities	319	(2)
Conservation	321	(18)
Threats to Primates	322	(6)
Habitat Disturbances	323	(2)
Hunting Pressures	325	(3)
Conservation Policies	328	(4)
Economic Incentives	328	(1)
Increasing Public Awareness	329	(1)
Nongovernmental Organizations	330	(2)
Noninvasive Research	332	(5)
Reproductive Biology	334	(2)
From Paternity to Population Genetics	336	(1)
The Next Millennium	337	(2)
Bibliography	339	(34)
Glossary	373	(8)
Name Index	381	(4)
Subject Index	385