Principles of Animal Behavior

by Dugatkin, Lee Alan

• ISBN13: 9780393976595
• ISBN10: 0393976599
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-08-01
• Publisher: W W Norton & Co Inc

Summary

Principles of Animal Behavior, the highly anticipated contemporary text from Professor Lee Alan Dugatkin, takes a uniquely integrative approach to animal behavior. Professor Dugatkin creates a balanced discussion in several ways: by recognizing genetic evolution as the primary force underlying animal behavior while also discussing the role of learning and cultural transmission, by placing equal emphasis on theory and empirical work, by employing a diverse group of case studies, and by covering both vertebrates and invertebrates extensively. Principles of Animal Behavior also features exclusive interviews with leading scholars and researchers, lively prose, and a vivid art program, ensuring that it will be a welcome addition to the field.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
Principles of Animal Behavior	2	(28)
Three Foundations	6	(12)
Foundation 1---Natural Selection	6	(6)
Foundation 2---Learning	12	(3)
Foundation 3---Cultural Transmission	15	(3)
Conceptual, Theoretical, and Empirical Approaches	18	(7)
Conceptual Approaches	18	(2)
Theoretical Approaches	20	(2)
Empirical Approaches	22	(3)
Overview of What Is to Follow	25	(5)
Interview with Dr. E. O. Wilson	26	(4)
Natural Selection	30	(42)
Artificial Selection	33	(2)
The Process of Natural Selection	35	(9)
Selective Advantage of a Trait	35	(2)
How Natural Selection Operates	37	(7)
Behavioral Genetics	44	(5)
Mendel's Rules	45	(1)
Locating Genes for Polygenic Traits	45	(1)
Dissecting Behavioral Variation	46	(3)
Animal Behavior and Natural Selection	49	(8)
Sociobiology and Selfish Genes	50	(1)
Natural Selection and Antipredator Behavior in Guppies	51	(6)
Adaptation	57	(4)
Genetic Techniques as Tools	61	(11)
Kinship and Naked Mole Rat Behavior	62	(3)
Coalition Formation	65	(1)
Interview with Dr. Richard Alexander	66	(6)
Proximate Factors	72	(36)
Ultimate and Proximate Perspectives	75	(5)
Hormones and Proximate Causation	80	(7)
Hormones and Helping-at-the-Nest	82	(3)
Testosterone and Play Fighting in Rats	85	(2)
Neurological Underpinnings of Behavior and Proximate Causation	87	(8)
The Nervous Impulse	88	(2)
Vocalizations in Plainfin Midshipman	90	(2)
Mushroom Bodies, Insects, and Learning	92	(2)
Sleep and Predation in Mallard Ducks	94	(1)
Biochemical Factors	95	(2)
Ultraviolet Vision in Birds	96	(1)
Environmental Sex Determination and Sex Ratios	97	(4)
Reptiles, Sex Determination, and Temperature	97	(2)
Red Deer, Dominance Status, and Sex Ratios	99	(2)
Genes and Proximate Explanations	101	(3)
Learning as a Proximate Factor	104	(4)
Interview with Dr. Timothy Clutton-Brock	102	(6)
Learning	108	(36)
What Is Individual Learning?	111	(2)
How Animals Learn	113	(8)
Learning from a Single-Stimulus Experience	114	(1)
Pavlovian (Classical) Conditioning	115	(4)
Instrumental (Operant) Conditioning	119	(2)
Why Animals Learn	121	(11)
Within-Species Studies and the Evolution of Learning	122	(5)
Population Comparisons and the Evolution of Learning	127	(3)
A Model of the Evolution of Learning	130	(2)
What Animals Learn	132	(12)
Learning Where Home Is Located	132	(1)
Learning about Your Mate	133	(2)
Learning about Familial Relationships	135	(1)
Learning about Aggression	136	(2)
Interview with Dr. Sara Shettleworth	138	(6)
Social Learning and Cultural Transmission	144	(32)
What Is Cultural Transmission?	149	(3)
Animal Culture	150	(1)
Why All the Fuss about Culture?	151	(1)
Types of Cultural Transmission	152	(9)
Social Learning	152	(6)
Teaching in Animals	158	(3)
Modes of Cultural Transmission	161	(3)
Vertical Cultural Transmission	162	(1)
Horizontal Cultural Transmission	162	(1)
Oblique Cultural Transmission	163	(1)
The Interaction of Genetic and Cultural Transmission	164	(3)
The Grants' Finches	164	(1)
Whitehead's Whales	165	(2)
Genes for Cultural Transmission?	167	(2)
Cultural Transmission and Brain Size	169	(7)
Interview with Dr. Bennet ``Jeff'' Galef	170	(6)
Sexual Selection	176	(42)
Intersexual and Intrasexual Selection	178	(3)
Genetics and Mate Choice	181	(13)
Direct Benefits and Mate Choice	182	(4)
Good Genes and Mate Choice	186	(7)
Runaway Sexual Selection	193	(1)
Learning and Mate Choice	194	(4)
Sexual Imprinting	195	(1)
Learning and Mate Choice in Japanese Quail	196	(1)
Learning and Mate Choice in Blue Gouramis	197	(1)
Cultural Transmission and Mate Choice	198	(7)
Defining Mate-Choice Copying	198	(2)
Mate-Choice Copying in Grouse	200	(2)
Mate-Choice Copying in Guppies	202	(1)
Song Learning and Mate Choice in Cowbirds	203	(2)
Male-Male Competition and Sexual Selection	205	(6)
Underground Mating and Male-Male Competition in Fiddler Crabs	206	(1)
Red Deer Roars and Male-Male Competition	206	(2)
Male-Male Competition by Interference	208	(1)
Male-Male Competition via Cuckoldry	209	(2)
Neuroethology and Mate Choice	211	(7)
Swordtails, Platyfish, and Sensory Bias	211	(3)
Frogs and Sensory Bias	214	(1)
Zebra Finches and Sensory Bias	215
Interview with Dr. Malte Andersson	212	(6)
Mating Systems	218	(34)
Different Mating Systems	220	(8)
Monogamous Mating Systems	221	(2)
Polygamous Mating Systems	223	(3)
Promiscuous Mating Systems	226	(2)
Choosing Polygyny	228	(8)
Polygyny and Resources	228	(1)
The Polygyny Threshold Model	229	(7)
Surreptitious Promiscuity	236	(9)
Extrapair Copulations	236	(2)
Sperm Competition	238	(7)
Multiple Mating Systems in One Population?	245	(7)
Dunnocks	245	(3)
Interview with Dr. Nick Davies	248	(4)
Kinship	252	(42)
Kinship and Animal Behavior	255	(3)
Kinship Theory	258	(18)
Relatedness and Inclusive Fitness	259	(2)
Family Dynamics	261	(15)
Conflict within Families	276	(10)
Parent-Offspring Conflict	276	(6)
Sibling Rivalry	282	(4)
Kin Recognition	286	(8)
Matching Models	286	(4)
Rule-of-Thumb Models	290
Interview with Dr. Stephen Emlen	288	(6)
Cooperation	294	(44)
The Range of Cooperative Behaviors	297	(3)
Helping in the Birthing Process	297	(1)
Social Grooming	298	(1)
Group Hunting	299	(1)
Nest Raiding	300	(1)
Three Paths to Cooperation	300	(21)
Path 1: Reciprocity	301	(8)
Path 2: Byproduct Mutualism	309	(6)
Path 3: Group Selection	315	(6)
Phylogeny and Cooperative Breeding in Birds	321	(2)
Hormones, Reproductive Suppression, and Cooperative Breeding	323	(3)
Coalitions	326	(5)
Coalitions in Baboons	328	(2)
Alliances and ``Herding'' Behavior in Cetaceans	330	(1)
Interspecific Mutualisms	331	(7)
Ants and Butterflies---Mutualism with Communication?	331	(1)
Interview with Dr. Hudson Kern Reeve	332	(6)
Foraging	338	(40)
Optimal Foraging Theory	342	(14)
Basic OFT: What to Eat and Where to Eat It	343	(8)
Specific Nutrient Constraints	351	(2)
Risk-Sensitive Foraging	353	(3)
Learning and Foraging	356	(4)
Foraging, Learning, and Brain Size in Birds	357	(2)
Learning and ``Work Ethics'' in Pigeons	359	(1)
Foraging and Group Life	360	(11)
Group Size	361	(3)
Social Learning and Foraging	364	(5)
Public Information and Foraging	369	(2)
Molecular, Neurobiological, and Hormonal Aspects of Honeybee Foraging	371	(7)
The Period Gene, mRNA, and Foraging	371	(2)
Juvenile Hormone, ``Mushroom Bodies,'' and Foraging	373	(1)
Interview with Dr. John Krebs	374	(4)
Antipredator Behavior	378	(32)
Behavioral Tradeoffs Associated with Predation	384	(5)
Predation and Foraging	385	(2)
Predation and Hatching Time in Wasps	387	(2)
Alarm Signals	389	(3)
Vervet Alarm Calls	389	(2)
Tail Flagging	391	(1)
Prey Approaching Their Predators	392	(3)
Costs and Benefits of Thomson's Gazelles Approaching a Predator	393	(2)
Interpopulational Differences	395	(7)
Interpopulational Differences in Antipredator Behavior in Minnows	396	(4)
Predator vs. Prey Arms Races	400	(2)
Learning and Antipredator Behavior	402	(4)
The Direct Fitness Consequences of Learning about Predators	402	(4)
Social Learning and Antipredator Behavior	406	(4)
Interview with Dr. Manfred Milinski	404	(6)
Communication	410	(36)
Communication and Honesty	415	(3)
Communication Venues	418	(28)
Foraging	418	(5)
Play	423	(1)
Mating	424	(3)
Aggression	427	(7)
Predation	434	(2)
Songs	436	(4)
Interview with Dr. Amotz Zahavi	440	(6)
Habitat Selection, Territoriality, and Migration	446	(30)
Models of Habitat Choice	451	(3)
The Ideal Free Distribution Model and Habitat Choice	451	(1)
The IFD Model and Foraging Success	452	(2)
Territoriality	454	(10)
Territoriality and Learning	455	(3)
Territory Owners, Satellites, and Sneakers	458	(4)
How to Keep a Territory in the Family	462	(1)
Conflict in Family Territories	463	(1)
Migration	464	(12)
The Challenges of Migration	465	(4)
The Heritability of Migratory Behavior	469	(1)
Learning and Migration in Fish	470	(2)
Interview with Dr. Judy Stamps	472	(4)
Aggression	476	(32)
Game Theory Models of Aggression	479	(12)
The Hawk-Dove Game	482	(5)
The War of Attrition Model	487	(2)
The Sequential Assessment Model	489	(2)
Winners, Losers, Bystanders, and Aggression	491	(8)
Winner and Loser Effects	491	(7)
Bystander Effects	498	(1)
Endocrinology, Neurotransmitters, and Aggression	499	(9)
Corticosterone and Aggression	500	(1)
Testosterone and Aggression	501	(3)
Neurotransmitters and Aggression	504
Interview with Dr. John Maynard Smith	502	(6)
Play	508	(32)
Defining Play	511	(2)
Types and Functions of Play	513	(16)
Object Play	513	(5)
Locomotor Play	518	(4)
Social Play	522	(5)
A General Theory for the Function of Play	527	(2)
Some Proximate Aspects of Play	529	(4)
Hormones, Energy, and Play in Young Belding's Ground Squirrels	529	(1)
The Neurobiology of Play in Young Rats	530	(3)
A Phylogenetic Approach to Play	533	(7)
Interview with Dr. Bernd Heinrich	534	(6)
Aging and Disease	540	(26)
Senescence in the Wild?	543	(1)
Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives on Senescence	544	(8)
The Antagonistic Pleiotropy Model of Senescence	544	(2)
Disposable Soma Theory and Longevity	546	(6)
Longevity and Extending Life Spans	552	(1)
Hormones, Heat-Shock Proteins, and Aging	552	(3)
Glucocorticoids and Aging	553	(1)
Heat-Shock Proteins and Aging	554	(1)
Disease and Animal Behavior	555	(11)
Avoidance of Disease-filled Habitats	555	(2)
Avoidance of Diseased Individuals	557	(1)
Self-Medication	558	(1)
Why Some Like It Hot	559	(1)
Interview with Dr. Richard Wrangham	560	(6)
Animal Personalities	566	(4)
Boldness and Shyness	570	(8)
Bold and Inhibited Pumpkinseeds	572	(2)
Guppies, Boldness, and Predator Inspection	574	(4)
Some Case Studies	578	(10)
Hyena Personalities	578	(3)
Octopus Personalities	581	(1)
Ruff Satellites	582	(3)
Learning and Personality in Great Tits	585	(2)
Chimpanzee Personalities and Cultural Transmission	587	(1)
Coping Styles	588	(2)
Some Practical Applications of Animal Personality Research	590	(1)
Predators and Domesticated Prey	590	(1)
Guide Dog Personalities	591	(1)
Interview with Dr. Jerome Kagan	592
Glossary	1	(4)
References	5	(48)
Credits	53	(2)
Index	55