Principles Of Inorganic Materials Design

by John N. Lalena (Gonzaga University in Spokane, WA); David A. Cleary (J.N. Lalena Consulting, in Puyallup, WA)

• ISBN13: 9780471434184
• ISBN10: 0471434183
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-04-01
• Publisher: Wiley-Interscience

Summary

A unique interdisciplinary approach to inorganic materials design Textbooks intended for the training of chemists in the inorganic materials field often omit many relevant topics. With its interdisciplinary approach, this book fills that gap by presenting concepts from chemistry, physics, materials science, metallurgy, and ceramics in a unified treatment targeted towards the chemistry audience. Semiconductors, metal alloys and intermetallics, as well as ceramic substances are covered. Accordingly, the book should also be useful to students and working professionals in a variety of other disciplines. This book discusses a number of topics that are pertinent to the design of new inorganic materials but are typically not covered in standard solid-state chemistry books. The authors start with an introduction to structure at the mesoscopic level and progress to smaller-length scales. Next, detailed consideration is given to both phenomenological and atomistic-level descriptions of transport properties, the metal-nonmetal transition, magnetic and dielectric properties, optical properties, and mechanical properties. Finally, the authors present introductions to phase equilibria, synthesis, and nanomaterials. Other features include: * Worked examples demonstrating concepts unfamiliar to the chemist * Extensive references to related literature, leading readers to more in-depth coverage of particular topics * Biographies introducing the reader to great contributors to the field of inorganic materials science in the twentieth century With their interdisciplinary approach, the authors have set the groundwork for communication and understanding among professionals in varied disciplines who are involved with inorganic materials engineering. Armed with this publication, students and researchers in inorganic and physical chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering will be better equipped to face today's complex design challenges. This textbook is appropriate for senior-level undergraduate and graduate course work.

Author Biography

JOHN N. LALENA, PhD, is a private consultant. He was formerly a senior research scientist for Honeywell Electronic Materials, and a semiconductor fabrication process/product engineer for Texas Instruments. He also has served as a visiting professor of chemistry at Gonzaga University.

DAVID A. CLEARY, PhD, is Professor of Chemistry and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Gonzaga University. His courses have included physical chemistry and solid-state chemistry. His research interests range from nonlinear optical materials to chemical sensors and ionic conductors.

Table of Contents

Foreword	xi
Preface	xv
1. The Mesoscale	1	(44)
1.1 Interfaces in Polycrystals	2	(17)
1.2 Solidified Metals and Alloys	19	(14)
1.3 Ceramic Powder Aggregates	33	(6)
1.4 Thin-Film Microstructure	39	(6)
2. Crystal Structure and Bonding	45	(72)
2.1 Structure Description Methods	45	(8)
2.2 Cohesive Forces in Solids	53	(5)
2.3 Structural Energetics	58	(14)
2.4 Common Structure Types	72	(26)
2.5 Structural Disturbances	98	(10)
2.6 Structural Control and Synthetic Strategies	108	(9)
3. The Electronic Level, I: An Overview of Band Theory	117	(24)
3.1 The Many-Body Schrödinger Equation	117	(3)
3.2 Bloch's Theorem	120	(3)
3.3 Reciprocal Space	123	(4)
3.4 A Choice of Basis Sets	127	(6)
3.5 Understanding Band-Structure Diagrams	133	(4)
3.6 Breakdown of the Independent Electron Approximation	137	(1)
3.7 Density Functional Theory: An Alternative to the Hartree-Fock Approach	138	(3)
4. The Electronic Structure, II: The Tight-Binding Approximation	141	(38)
4.1 The General LCAO Method	141	(6)
4.2 Extension of the LCAO Method to Crystalline Solids	147	(3)
4.3 Orbital Interactions in Monatomic Solids	150	(9)
4.4 Tight-Binding Assumptions	159	(3)
4.5 Qualitative LCAO Band Structures	162	(14)
4.6 Total Energy Tight-Binding Calculations	176	(3)
5. Transport Properties	179	(28)
5.1 An Introduction to Tensors	179	(4)
5.2 Thermal Conductivity	183	(6)
5.3 Electronic Conductivity	189	(8)
5.4 Atomic Transport	197	(10)
6. Metal-Nonmetal Transitions	207	(26)
6.1 Correlated Systems	209	(8)
6.2 Anderson Localization	217	(5)
6.3 Experimentally Distinguishing Electron Correlation from Disorder	222	(3)
6.4 Tuning the Metal-Nonmetal Transition	225	(3)
6.5 Other Types of Electronic Transitions	228	(5)
7. Magnetic and Dielectric Properties	233	(40)
7.1 Macroscopic Magnetic Behavior	233	(5)
7.2 Axmic Origin of Paramagnetism	238	(7)
7.3 Spontaneous Magnetic Ordering	245	(13)
7.4 Magnetotransport Properties	258	(5)
7.5 Magnetostriction	263	(1)
7.6 Dielectric Properties	263	(10)
8. Optical Properties of Materials	273	(26)
8.1 Maxwell's Equations	273	(4)
8.2 Refractive Index	277	(9)
8.3 Absorption	286	(6)
8.4 Nonlinear Effects	292	(4)
8.5 Summary	296	(3)
9. Mechanical Properties	299	(36)
9.1 Basic Definitions	299	(3)
9.2 Elasticity	302	(14)
9.3 Plasticity	316	(14)
9.4 Fracture	330	(5)
10. Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams, and Phase Modeling	335	(34)
10.1 Thermodynamic Systems, Phases, and Components	336	(2)
10.2 The First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics	338	(3)
10.3 Understanding Phase Diagrams	341	(11)
10.4 Experimental Phase-Diagram Determinations	352	(1)
10.5 Phase-Diagram Modeling	353	(16)
11. An Introduction to Nanomaterials	369	(14)
11.1 History of Nanotechnology	370	(2)
11.2 Properties of Matter at the Nanoscale	372	(11)
12. Synthetic Strategies	383	(30)
12.1 Synthetic Strategies	384	(24)
12.2 Summary	408	(5)
Index	413