Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

by Long, Pickering & Prober

• ISBN13: 9780443065675
• ISBN10: 0443065675
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-10-03
• Publisher: Churchill Livingstone

Summary

Authoritative, comprehensive, and practical, this second edition covers the infectious diseases of childhood and is organized by syndrome as well as organism. Written by the premier authorities on the subject, it contains a wealth of pertinent information and has been called the best, most useful textbook in the field today. Clinically and therapeutically oriented, it includes sections on understanding, controlling, and preventing infectious disease; clinical syndromes and cardinal features; etiologic agents of disease; and lab diagnosis and therapy. Comprehensive information is authoritative and readily accessible. Content is offered for diagnosis, management, and prevention of any infectious disease - not in multiple volumes, but in a single source. Specific content is included on infection control, immunizations, understanding biostatistics, testing and using antimicrobial agents. Content is clinically and therapeutically oriented with three problem - solving approaches and three goals ¯ understanding the problem, diagnosing correctly, and providing appropriate management. The textbook outline and content provide excellent curriculum for study and match content specifications for the ABP subspecialty certifying examination. The generous use of tables, graphics, and pictorials delivers major points, offers quick review, and facilitates slide making for lectures. The editors and authors of each content area are highly recognizable experts from recommending bodies ¯ resulting in consistency and standard - of - care approaches throughout the text. Carefully written and edited, it offers a uniform focus, with minimum redundancy or extraneous information. Content has been thoroughly reviewed and extensively updated throughout. New insights are offered into the global perspective on emergence and control of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance. Other new or expanded information includes the use of immunoglobulin products, a primer in biostatistics, inflammatory mediators, the latest schedule of immunizations, spongiform encephalopathies, recently discovered viruses, new antiviral therapies, new vaccine, fungal pathogens, and anti-infective agents. A pictorial compendium of arthropods and associated diseases has been added. Websites and telephone numbers are included for key resources. Tables, figures, slide - ready graphics, clinical photographs, and the latest imaging pictorials have been maximized to improve their usefulness.

Table of Contents

PART I Understanding, Controlling, and Preventing Infectious Diseases	1	(1)
SECTION A. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES	2	(35)
Perspectives on Emergence and Control of Infectious Diseases Worldwide	2	(7)
Alan R. Hinman
Principles of Epidemiology and Public Health	9	(8)
Benjamin Schwartz
Pediatric Infection Control	17	(10)
Leigh Grossman Donowitz
Infectious Diseases Associated with Out-of-Home Childcare	27	(6)
Larry K. Pickering
Ralph L. Cordell
Infectious Diseases in Immigrant and Internationally Adopted Children	33	(4)
Margaret K. Hostetter
SECTION B. PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES	37	(52)
Passive Immunization	37	(8)
John S. Finlayson
Active Immunization	45	(20)
Stephen C. Hadler
Walter A. Orenstein
Chemoprophylaxis	65	(8)
Gary D. Overturf
Protection of Travelers	73	(7)
Ibrahim A. Abdel-Messih
Robert W. Frenck, Jr.
Human Milk and Infectious Diseases	80	(9)
Ardythe L. Morrow
Larry K. Pickering
PART II Clinical Syndromes and Cardinal Features of Infectious Diseases: Approach to Diagnosis and Initial Management	89	(1)
SECTION A. FEVER, BACTEREMIA, AND SEPTICEMIA	90	(12)
Genesis of Fever and the Inflammatory Response	90	(3)
Toni Darville
The Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Sepsis, and Septic Shock	93	(6)
Toni Darville
Toxic Shock Syndrome	99	(3)
James K. Todd
SECTION B. CARDINAL SYMPTOM COMPLEXES	102	(58)
Mucocutaneous Symptom Complexes	102	(8)
Sarah S. Long
Fever without Localizing Signs	110	(4)
Eugene D. Shapiro
Fever of Unknown Origin and Periodic Fever Syndromes	114	(8)
Sarah S. Long
Kathryn M. Edwards
Lymphatic System and Generalized Lymphadenopathy	122	(7)
P. Joan Chesney
Respiratory Tract Symptom Complexes	129	(10)
Sarah S. Long
Abdominal Symptom Complexes	139	(6)
Robert S. McGregor
Neurologic Symptom Complexes	145	(5)
Mary M. Moran
Musculoskeletal Symptom Complexes	150	(10)
Beth Moughan
SECTION C. UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT AND ORAL INFECTIONS	160	(53)
Infections of the Oral Cavity	160	(5)
P. Joan Chesney
Mark R. Patters
Andrea Patters
Cervical Lymphadenitis and Neck Infections	165	(11)
P. Joan Chesney
The Common Cold	176	(3)
Diane E. Pappas
J. Owen Hendley
Pharyngitis	179	(6)
Robert R. Tanz
Stanford T. Shulman
Supraglottic Infections	185	(5)
Richard H. Schwartz
Otitis Media	190	(9)
Stephen I. Pelton
Otitis Externa and Malignant Otitis Externa	199	(1)
Richard H. Schwartz
Mastoiditis	200	(5)
Ellen R. Wald
Sinusitis	205	(5)
Ellen R. Wald
Laryngeal and Subglottic Infections	210	(3)
Richard H. Schwartz
SECTION D. LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS	213	(37)
Bronchiolitis	213	(6)
Debra A. Tristram
Robert C. Welliver
Acute Uncomplicated Pneumonia	219	(6)
Kenneth Mclntosh
Marvin Harper
Complications of Acute Pneumonia	225	(6)
Kenneth Mclntosh
Marvin Harper
Persistent and Recurrent Pneumonia	231	(6)
Kenneth Mclntosh
Marvin Harper
Pneumonia in the Immunocompromised Host	237	(5)
Kenneth Mclntosh
Marvin Harper
Mediastinal and Hilar Lymphadenopathy	242	(8)
P. Joan Chesney
Sarah J. Fitch
SECTION E. CARDIAC AND VASCULAR INFECTIONS	250	(14)
Endocarditis and Intravascular Infections	250	(8)
Lisa Saiman
Myocarditis	258	(3)
Gail J. Demmler
Pericarditis	261	(3)
Gail J. Demmler
SECTION F. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTIONS	264	(59)
Acute Bacterial Meningitis Beyond the Neonatal Period	264	(7)
Xavier Saez-Llorens
George H. McCracken, Jr.
Chronic Meningitis	271	(8)
Ram Yogev
Recurrent Meningitis	279	(5)
Ram Yogev
Aseptic and Viral Meningitis	284	(7)
Harley A. Rotbart
Encephalitis, Meningoencephalitis, and Postinfectious Encephalomyelitis	291	(5)
Rodney E. Willoughby, Jr.
Cerebellar Ataxia, Transverse Myelitis and Myelopathy, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Neuritis, and Neuropathy	296	(6)
Rodney E. Willoughby, Jr.
Focal Suppurative Infections of the Central Nervous System	302	(10)
Ram Yogev
Eosinophilic Meningitis	312	(3)
Marian G. Michaels
Spongiform Encephalopathies: Slow Infections of the Nervous System	315	(5)
David M. Asher
Reye Syndrome	320	(3)
Marian G. Michaels
SECTION G. GENITOURINARY TRACT INFECTIONS	323	(39)
KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT
Urinary Tract Infections	323	(6)
Jacob A. Lohr
Stephen M. Downs
Theresa A. Schlager
Renal (Intrarenal and Perinephric) Abscess	329	(4)
Jacob A. Lohr
Sara M. O'Hara
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS AND GENITAL TRACT
Sexually Transmitted Disease Syndromes	333	(6)
Noni E. MacDonald
David M. Patrick
Skin and Mucous Membrane Infections and Inguinal Lymphadenopathy	339	(3)
Noni E. MacDonald
D. William Cameron
Urethritis, Vulvovaginitis, and Cervicitis	342	(9)
Paula K. Braverman
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease	351	(4)
Paula K. Braverman
Epididymitis, Orchitis, and Prostatitis	355	(3)
Noni E. MacDonald
Infectious Diseases of Child Abuse	358	(4)
David L. Ingram
SECTION H. GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT INFECTIONS AND INTOXICATIONS	362	(33)
Approach to Diagnosis and Management of Gastrointestinal Tract Infections	362	(7)
Larry K. Pickering
Viral Gastroenteritis	369	(3)
David O. Matson
Inflammatory Enteritis	372	(7)
Ina Stephens
James P. Nataro
Milk Intolerance, Eosinophilic Enteritis, and Chronic Diarrhea	379	(4)
Glenn T. Furuta
Necrotizing Enterocolitis	383	(5)
Esther Jacobowitz Israel
Foodborne and Waterborne Disease	388	(7)
Andrew T. Pavia
SECTION I. INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTIONS	395	(29)
Acute Hepatitis	395	(4)
John D. Snyder
Chronic Hepatitis	399	(3)
John D. Snyder
Granulomatous Hepatitis	402	(2)
Sheeja K. Abraham
Acute Pancreatitis	404	(3)
Sheeja K. Abraham
Cholecystitis and Cholangitis	407	(2)
Sheeja K. Abraham
Peritonitis	409	(4)
John S. Bradley
Appendicitis and Mesenteric Lymphadenitis	413	(5)
John S. Bradley
Intra-Abdominal, Visceral, and Retroperitoneal Abscesses	418	(3)
John S. Bradley
Abdominal and Retroperitoneal Lymphadenopathy	421	(3)
John S. Bradley
SECTION J. SKIN AND SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS	424	(43)
Cellulitis and Superficial Skin Infections	424	(8)
Gary L. Darmstadt
Erythematous Macules and Papules	432	(2)
Gary L. Darmstadt
S. Michael Marcy
Vesicles and Bullae	434	(3)
Gary L. Darmstadt
Purpura	437	(3)
Gary L. Darmstadt
Urticaria and Erythema Multiforme	440	(5)
Gary L. Darmstadt
Papules, Nodules, and Ulcers	445	(4)
Gary L. Darmstadt
Subcutaneous Tissue Infections and Abscesses	449	(9)
Gary L. Darmstadt
Myositis and Pyomyositis	458	(5)
Victor Nizet
Localized Lymphadenitis, Lymphadenopathy, and Lymphangitis	463	(4)
Victor Nizet
SECTION K. BONE AND JOINT INFECTION	467	(19)
Osteomyelitis	467	(8)
Kathleen M. Gutierrez
Infectious and Inflammatory Arthritis	475	(6)
Kathleen M. Gutierrez
Diskitis	481	(3)
Kathleen M. Gutierrez
Transient Synovitis	484	(2)
Kathleen M. Gutierrez
SECTION L. EYE INFECTIONS	486	(27)
Conjunctivitis in the Neonatal Period (Ophthalmia Neonatorum)	486	(4)
Avery H. Weiss
Conjunctivities Beyond the Neonatal Period	490	(5)
Avery H. Weiss
Infective Keratitis	495	(4)
Avery H. Weiss
Uveitis and Chorioretinitis	499	(5)
Avery H. Weiss
Endophthalmitis	504	(4)
Mark J. Greenwald
Periorbital and Orbital Infections	508	(5)
Ellen R. Wald
SECTION M. INFECTIONS RELATED TO TRAUMA	513	(14)
Infection Following Trauma	513	(3)
Felice Adler-Shohet
Jay M. Lieberman
Infection Following Burns	516	(7)
Gail L. Rodgers
Infection Following Bites	523	(4)
Jay M. Lieberman
SECTION N. INFECTIONS OF THE FETUS AND NEWBORN	527	(27)
Immunologic Development and Susceptibility to Infection	527	(6)
Maite de la Morena
Penelope G. Shackelford
Clinical Approach to the Infected Neonate	533	(3)
Charles G. Prober
Bacterial Infections in the Neonate	536	(7)
Morven S. Edwards
Carol J. Baker
Viral Infections in the Fetus and Neonate	543	(4)
Robert F. Pass
Nosocomial Infections in the Neonate	547	(7)
Morven S. Edwards
Carol J. Baker
SECTION O. INFECTIONS AND TRANSPLANTATION	554	(13)
Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients	554	(7)
Michael Green
Marian G. Michaels
Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients	561	(6)
Jorge Lujan-Zilbermann
Christian C. Patrick
SECTION P. INFECTIONS AND CANCER	567	(15)
Fever and Granulocytopenia	567	(8)
Andrew Y. Koh
Philip A. Pizzo
Infections in Children with Cancer	575	(7)
Andrew Y. Koh
Sarah W. Alexander
Philip A. Pizzo
SECTION Q. INFECTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HOSPITALIZATION	582	(23)
Clinical Syndromes of Hospital-Associated Infections	582	(23)
Annette H. Sohn
David K. Shay
Shailen N. Banerjee
William R. Jarvis
SECTION R. INFECTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MEDICAL DEVICES	605	(14)
Clinical Syndromes of Device-Associated Infections	605	(14)
Lisa A. Grohskopf
Margaret C. Fisher
William R. Jarvis
SECTION S. INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DEFICIENT DEFENSES	619	(39)
Evaluation of the Child with Suspected Immunodeficiency	619	(6)
E. Stephen Buescher
Infectious Complications of Antibody Deficiency	625	(5)
Elisabeth E. Adderson
Penelope G. Shackelford
Infectious Complications of Complement Deficiencies	630	(5)
Jerry A. Winkelstein
Infectious Complications of Dysfunction or Deficiency of Polymorphonuclear and Mononuclear Phagocytes	635	(7)
E. Stephen Buescher
Infectious Complications of Cell-Mediated Immunity: Primary Immunodeficiencies	642	(7)
David B. Lewis
Infectious Complications in Special Hosts	649	(9)
Alice S. Prince
Jane L. Burns
SECTION T. HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AND THE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME	658	(33)
Epidemiology of HIV Infection in Children and Adolescents	658	(5)
Yvonne A. Maldonado
Avinash K. Shetty
Immunopathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection	663	(1)
Katherine Luzuriaga
John L. Sullivan
Clinical Manifestations of HIV Infection	664	(6)
David C. Hilmers
Mark W. Kline
Infectious Complications of HIV Infection	670	(6)
Rene A. Amaya
Mark W. Kline
Detection of HIV-1 Infection	676	(3)
Ross E. McKinney, Jr.
Management of HIV Infection	679	(5)
Ross E. McKinney, Jr.
Prevention of HIV Infection	684	(4)
Ross E. McKinney, Jr.
HIV in the Health Care Setting	688	(3)
Ross E. McKinney, Jr.
PART III Etiologic Agents of Infectious Diseases	691	(1)
SECTION A. BACTERIA	692	(336)
Classification of Bacteria	692	(2)
Joseph W. St. Geme III
GRAM-POSITIVE COCCI
Staphylococcus aureus	694	(13)
P. Joan Chesney
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Other Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci	707	(7)
Joseph W. St. Geme III
Classification of Streptococci	714	(2)
David B. Haslam
Joseph W. St. Geme III
Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus)	716	(3)
Stanford T. Shulman
Robert R. Tanz
Nonsuppurative Post-Streptococcal Diseases: Rheumatic Fever and Acute Glomerulonephritis	719	(6)
Michael A. Gerber
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus)	725	(5)
Morven S. Edwards
Carol J. Baker
Enterococcus Species	730	(4)
David B. Haslam
Joseph W. St. Geme III
Viridans Streptococci, Streptococcus Bovis, and Abiotrophia Species	734	(4)
David B. Haslam
Joseph W. St. Geme III
Groups C and G Streptococci	738	(1)
David B. Haslam
Joseph W. St. Geme III
Streptococcus pneumoniae	739	(8)
Georges Peter
Jerome O. Klein
Other Gram-Positive, Catalase-Negative Cocci: Leuconostocs and Pediococci	747	(1)
David B. Haslam
Joseph W. St. Geme III
GRAM-NEGATIVE COCCI
Neisseria Meningitidis	748	(8)
Ronald Gold
Neisseria gonorrhoeae	756	(7)
Jay M. Lieberman
Other Neisseria Species	763	(2)
Jay M. Lieberman
Moraxella catarrhalis	765	(1)
Ellen R. Wald
GRAM-POSITIVE BACILLI
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum	766	(2)
Denise F. Bratcher
Bacillus Species (Anthrax)	768	(3)
Denise F. Bratcher
Corynebacterium diphtheriae	771	(5)
Gary D. Overturf
Other Corynebacteria	776	(4)
Denise F. Bratcher
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae	780	(1)
Denise F. Bratcher
Gardnerella vaginalis	781	(1)
Denise F. Bratcher
Listeria monocytogenes	782	(6)
Bennett Lorber
Other Gram-Positive Bacilli	788	(3)
Denise F. Bratcher
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	791	(20)
Richard F. Jacobs
Jeffrey R. Starke
Mycobacterium Species Non-tuberculosis	811	(4)
Ellen Gould Chadwick
Elaine A. Rosenfeld
Nocardia Species	815	(2)
Ellen Gould Chadwick
ENTEROBACTERIACEAE: GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI
Citrobacter Species	817	(2)
Dwight A. Powell
Mario J. Marcon
Edwardsiella tarda	819	(1)
Dwight A. Powell
Mario J. Marcon
Enterobacter and Pantoea Species	820	(2)
Dwight A. Powell
Mario J. Marcon
Escherichia coli	822	(4)
James P. Nataro
Klebsiella Species	826	(2)
William J. Barson
Mario J. Marcon
Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella Species	828	(1)
William J. Barson
Mario J. Marcon
Serratia Species	829	(1)
Dwight A. Powell
Mario J. Marcon
Salmonella Species	830	(6)
Thomas G. Cleary
Shigella Species	836	(3)
Henry F. Gomez
Thomas G. Cleary
Yersinia Species	839	(4)
Henry F. Gomez
Thomas G. Cleary
Less Common Enterobacteriaceae	843	(1)
Katalin Koranyi
Mario J. Marcon
NONENTEROBACTERIACEAE: GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI
Acinetobacter Species	844	(2)
Dwight A. Powell
Mario J. Marcon
Aeromonas Species	846	(2)
Jane T. Atkins
Thomas G. Cleary
Less Common Nonenterobacteriaceae	848	(2)
Dwight A. Powell
Michael T. Brady
Mario J. Marcon
Eikenella Corrodens	850	(1)
Michael T. Brady
Mario J. Marcon
Flavobacteriaceae	851	(1)
Dwight A. Powell
Mario J. Marcon
Moraxella and Psychrobacter Species	852	(1)
Katalin Koranyi
Mario J. Marcon
Pasteurella Species	853	(2)
Michael T. Brady
Mario J. Marcon
Plesiomonas shigelloides	855	(1)
Jane T. Atkins
Thomas G. Cleary
Pseudomonas Species and Related Organisms	856	(1)
Jane L. Burns
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	857	(4)
Alice S. Prince
Burkholderia cepacia Complex and Other Burkholderia Species	861	(2)
Jane L. Burns
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	863	(1)
Jane L. Burns
Vibrio Cholerae (Cholera)	864	(5)
Megan E. Reller
Robert V. Tauxe
Other Vibrio Species	869	(2)
Mark E. Beatty
Robert V. Tauxe
Other Nonenterobacteriaceae	871	(2)
Michael T. Brady
Mario J. Marcon
GRAM-NEGATIVE COCCOBACILLI
Bartonella Species (Cat-Scratch Disease, Bacillary Angiomatosis, Bacillary Peliosis)	873	(3)
Michael A. Gerber
Brucella Species (Brucellosis)	876	(4)
Edward J. Young
Bordetella pertussis (Pertussis) and Other Species	880	(8)
Sarah S. Long
Kathryn M. Edwards
Calymmatobacterium granulomatis (Granuloma Inguinale)	888	(1)
Noni E. MacDonald
Campylobacter jejuni	889	(6)
Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios
Other Campylobacter Species	895	(3)
Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios
Larry K. Pickering
Capnocytophaga Species	898	(1)
Lorry G. Rubin
Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pneumoniae	899	(3)
Scott F. Dowell
Chlamydia trachomatis	902	(8)
Toni Darville
Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) psittaci (Psittacosis)	910	(1)
Richard E. Besser
Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever)	911	(2)
Jennifer H. McQuiston
Herbert A. Thompson
Ehrlichia Species (The Ehrlichioses)	913	(3)
James E. Childs
Christopher D. Paddock
Francisella tularensis (Tularemia)	916	(3)
Lorry G. Rubin
Haemophilus influenzae	919	(6)
Joseph W. St. Geme III
Other Haemophilus Species	925	(3)
Joseph W. St. Geme III
Helicobacter pylori	928	(7)
Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacious
Other Gastric and Enterohepatic Helicobacter Species	935	(1)
Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios
Kingella Species	936	(2)
Lorry G. Rubin
Legionella Species	938	(4)
Lorry G. Rubin
Rickettsia rickettsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)	942	(3)
Christopher D. Paddock
James E. Childs
Other Rickettsia Species	945	(7)
Gregory A. Dasch
Jennifer H. McQuiston
Streptobacillus moniliformis (Rat-Bite Fever)	952	(1)
Lorry G. Rubin
Other Gram-Negative Coccobacilli	953	(1)
Lorry G. Rubin
TREPONEMATACEAE (SPIRAL ORGANISMS)
Treponema pallidum (Syphilis)	954	(7)
Sarah A. Rawstron
Other Treponema Species	961	(1)
Sarah A. Rawstron
Leptospira Species (Leptospirosis)	962	(3)
Eugene D. Shapiro
Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme Disease)	965	(4)
Eugene D. Shapiro
Other Treponema Species: Borrelia Species and Spirillum minus	969	(2)
Eugene D. Shapiro
ANAEROBIC BACTERIA
Anaerobic Bacteria: Classification, Normal Flora, and Clinical Concepts	971	(10)
Itzhak Brook
Sarah S. Long
Clostridium tetani (Tetanus)	981	(3)
Itzhak Brook
Clostridium botulinum (Botulism)	984	(7)
Sarah S. Long
Clostridium difficile	991	(3)
Itzhak Brook
Other Clostridium Species	994	(3)
Itzhak Brook
Bacteroides and Prevotella Species and Other Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli	997	(3)
Itzhak Brook
Fusobacterium Species	1000	(1)
Itzhak Brook
Anaerobic Cocci	1001	(2)
Itzhak Brook
Anaerobic Gram-Positive Nonsporulating Bacilli (Actinomycosis)	1003	(2)
Itzhak Brook
MYCOPLASMA
Mycoplasma pneumoniae	1005	(5)
Leonard B. Weiner
Julia A. McMillan
Other Mycoplasma Species	1010	(2)
Coleen K. Cunningham
Julia A. McMillan
Ureaplasma urealyticum	1012	(2)
Coleen K. Cunningham
DISEASES OF POSSIBLE INFECTIOUS OR UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY
Kawasaki Disease	1014	(5)
Anne H. Rowley
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome	1019	(9)
Gary S. Marshall
Bryan D. Carter
SECTION B. VIRUSES	1028	(173)
Classification of Viruses	1028	(1)
Charles G. Prober
DNA VIRUSES
Poxviridae
Poxviridae (Molluscum Contagiosum)	1029	(2)
Gary L. Darmstadt
Herpesviridae
Introduction to Herpesviridae	1031	(1)
Charles G. Prober
Herpes Simplex Virus	1032	(9)
Charles G. Prober
Varicella-Zoster Virus	1041	(9)
Ann M. Arvin
Cytomegalovirus	1050	(9)
Robert F. Pass
Epstein-Barr Virus (Mononucleosis and Lymphoproliferative Disorders)	1059	(9)
Ben Z. Katz
Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7 (Roseola, Exanthem Subitum)	1068	(6)
Caroline Breese Hall
Human Herpesvirus 8	1074	(2)
Caroline Breese Hall
Adenoviridae
Adenoviruses	1076	(4)
Gail J. Demmler
Papovaviridae
Human Papillomaviruses	1080	(4)
Keerti V. Shah
Kathleen McKenna
Kenneth A. Alexander
Human Polyomaviruses	1084	(2)
Keerti V. Shah
Kathleen McKenna
Kenneth A. Alexander
Hepadnaviridae
Hepatitis B Virus	1086	(11)
Anthony E. Fiore
Susan T. Goldstein
Hepatitis Delta Virus	1097	(4)
William A. Bower
Susan T. Goldstein
Parvoviridae
Human Parvovirus B19	1101	(3)
Kevin E. Brown
RNA Viruses
Reoviridae
Coltivirus (Colorado Tick Fever)	1104	(1)
Theodore F. Tsai
Rotaviruses	1105	(4)
David O. Matson
Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Bunyaviridae
Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Bunyaviridae	1109	(7)
Theodore F. Tsai
Ali S. Khan
James E. Mcjunkin
Hepatitis C Virus	1116	(7)
Gregory L. Armstrong
Miriam J. Alter
Rubella Virus	1123	(6)
Yvonne A. Maldonado
Coronaviridae
Human Coronaviruses	1129	(2)
Ronald B. Turner
Robert C. Welliver
Paramyxoviridae
Parainfluenza Viruses	1131	(5)
Kanta Subbarao
Mumps Virus	1136	(4)
Kathleen M. Gutierrez
Respiratory Syncytial Virus	1140	(8)
Debra A. Tristram
Robert C. Welliver
Rubeola Virus (Measles and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis)	1148	(7)
Yvonne A. Maldonado
Rhabdoviridae
Rabies Virus	1155	(4)
Stanley A. Plotkin
Orthomyxoviridae
Influenza Viruses	1159	(7)
Kanta Subbarao
Filoviridae
Ebola and Marburg Viruses	1166	(2)
Ali S. Khan
Arenaviridae
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus, Lassa Fever, and New World Arenaviruses	1168	(4)
Ali S. Khan
Retroviridae
Introduction to Retroviridae	1172	(1)
Katherine Luzuriaga
John L. Sullivan
Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses	1172	(1)
Charles G. Prober
Lentiviruses: Human Immunodeficiency Viruses	1173	(2)
Katherine Luzuriaga
John L. Sullivan
Picornaviridae
Introduction to Picornaviridae	1175	(1)
John F. Modlin
Polioviruses	1176	(3)
Yvonne A. Maldonado
Enteroviruses: Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, and Newer Enteroviruses	1179	(9)
John F. Modlin
Hepatitis A Virus	1188	(5)
Beth P. Bell
Craig N. Shapiro
Rhinoviruses	1193	(1)
Diane E. Pappas
J. Owen Hendley
Caliciviridae
Caliciviruses	1194	(2)
David O. Matson
Astroviruses	1196	(2)
David O. Matson
Hepatitis E Virus and Other Newly Identified Viruses	1198	(3)
Beth P. Bell
Eric E. Mast
SECTION C. FUNGI	1201	(58)
Classification of Fungi	1201	(2)
Martin B. Kleiman
Candida Species	1203	(10)
Margaret K. Hostetter
Aspergillus Species	1213	(7)
Rana A. Hajjeh
David W. Warnock
Fusarium and Alternaria Species	1220	(2)
Patricia M. Flynn
Ted A. Pearson
Zygomycetes (Mucormycosis)	1222	(3)
Rana A. Hajjeh
David W. Warnock
Malassezia Species	1225	(2)
Rana A. Hajjeh
David W. Warnock
Sporothrix schenckii (Sporotrichosis)	1227	(2)
Rana A. Hajjeh
David W. Warnock
Cryptococcus neoformans	1229	(4)
Rana A. Hajjeh
David W. Warnock
Histoplasma capsulatum (Histoplasmosis)	1233	(5)
Martin B. Kleiman
Pneumocystis carinii	1238	(3)
Francis Gigliotti
Terry W. Wright
Blastomyces dermatitidis (Blastomycosis)	1241	(5)
Martin B. Kleiman
Coccidioides immitis (Coccidioidomycosis)	1246	(6)
Martin B. Kleiman
Dermatophytes and Other Superficial Fungi	1252	(3)
Lawrence F. Eichenfield
Agents of Eumycotic Mycetoma: Pseudallescheria boydii (Scedosporium apiospermum)	1255	(4)
Martin B. Kleiman
SECTION D. HUMAN PARASITES AND VECTORS	1259	(120)
Classification of Parasites	1259	(2)
Peter J. Hotez
PROTOZOA
Babesia Species (Babesiosis)	1261	(3)
Eduardo Ortega-Barria
Balantidium coli	1264	(1)
Eduardo Ortega-Barria
Balstocystis hominis	1265	(2)
Eduardo Ortega-Barria
Cryptosporidium parvum	1267	(2)
Patricia M. Flynn
Endolimax nana	1269	(1)
Eduardo Ortega-Barria
Entamoeba histolytica (Amebiasis)	1270	(4)
Christopher D. Huston
Jay E. Purdy
William A. Petri, Jr.
Other Entamoeba, Amebae, and Intestinal Flagellates	1274	(1)
Christopher D. Huston
Jay E. Purdy
William A. Petri, Jr.
Giardia lamblia (Giardiasis)	1275	(5)
Larry K. Pickering
Isospora and Cyclospora Species	1280	(1)
Patricia M. Flynn
Leishmania Species (Leishmaniasis)	1281	(8)
Eduardo Ortega-Barria
Microsporidia	1289	(2)
Patricia M. Flynn
Naegleria Fowleri	1291	(2)
Molly A. Hughes
William A. Petri, Jr.
Acanthamoeba Species	1293	(2)
Eric R. Houpt
William A. Petri, Jr.
Plasmodium Species (Malaria)	1295	(7)
Craig M. Wilson
Sarcocystis Species	1302	(1)
Eduardo Ortega-Barria
Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis)	1303	(19)
Kenneth M. Boyer
Rima L. McLeod
Trichomonas vaginalis	1322	(2)
Paula K. Braverman
Trypanosoma Species (Trypanosomiasis)	1324	(7)
Eduardo Orgeta-Barria
NEMATODES
Intestinal Nematodes	1331	(9)
Michael Cappello
Peter J. Hotez
Tissue Nematodes	1340	(7)
Dickson D. Despommier
Blood and Tissue Nematodes (Filarial Worms)	1347	(4)
David G. Addiss
CESTODES
Diphyllobothrium, Dipylidium, and Hymenolepis Species	1351	(3)
Frank O. Richards Jr.
Taenia solium and Taenia saginata (Taeniasis and Cysticercosis)	1354	(3)
Julio Sotelo
Echinococcus Species (Agents of Cystic, Alveolar, and Polycystic Echinococcosis)	1357	(4)
Peter M. Schantz
Taenia (Multiceps) multiceps, Taenia serialis, and Other Taenia species (Agents of Coenurosis)	1361	(2)
Peter M. Schantz
TREMATODES
Intestinal Trematodes	1363	(2)
Fitzroy H. Graham
Frank O. Richards Jr.
Clonorchis, Opisthorchis, and Paragonimus (Liver Fluke Infections)	1365	(2)
Fitzroy H. Graham
Frank O. Richards Jr.
Blood Trematodes (Schistosomiasis)	1367	(3)
Fitzroy H. Graham
Frank O. Richards Jr.
ARTHROPODS
Arachnids, Insects, and Other Arthropods	1370	(9)
Allison L. Holm
PART IV Laboratory Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases	1379	(1)
SECTION A. THE CLINICIAN AND THE LABORATORY	1380	(42)
Laboratory Diagnosis of Infection Due to Bacteria, Fungi, Parasites, and Rickettsiae	1380	(12)
John C. Christenson
E. Kent Korgenski
Laboratory Diagnosis of Infection Due to Viruses, Chlamydia, and Mycoplasma	1392	(17)
Tony Mazzulli
Laboratory Manifestations of Infectious Diseases	1409	(13)
Sarah S. Long
Ann-Christine Nyquist
SECTION B. ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY	1422	(137)
Principles of Anti-infective Therapy	1422	(10)
Sarah S. Long
Scott F. Dowell
Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance	1432	(11)
Nafsika Georgopapadakou
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Basis of Optimal Antibiotic Dosing	1443	(15)
Michael N. Neely
Michael D. Reed
Antimicrobial Agents	1458	(53)
Laura Phillips James
Susan M. Rahman
Henry C. Farrar
Richard F. Jacobs
Antifungal Agents	1511	(8)
Armando G. Correa
Carol J. Baker
Topical Antimicrobial Agents	1519	(8)
Gail L. Rodgers
Antiviral Agents	1527	(20)
David W. Kimberlin
Charles G. Prober
Antiparasitic Agents	1547	(12)
Craig M. Wilson
David O. Freedman
Appendix A. Smallpox Bioterrorism	1559	(2)
Sarah S. Long
Index	1561