Problem Solving and Programming Concepts

by Sprankle, Maureen; Hubbard, Jim

• ISBN13: 9780131194595
• ISBN10: 0131194593
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

Revised to reflect changes in the programming industry as well as user feedback this successful book emphasizes that problem solving is the same inallcomputer languages, regardless of syntax. Uses a generic, non-language-specific approach to present the tools and concepts required when using any programming language to develop computer applications. Is designed for readers with little or no computer experience, but is also useful to programmers at any level. Provides step-by-step progression and consistent in-depth coverage of topics, with detailed explanations and many illustrations. Covers topics ranging from the basics of mathematical functions and operators to the design and use of such techniques as code, arrays, pointers, other data structures, database concepts, and object- oriented programming concepts. A useful reference for programmers.

Table of Contents

UNIT ONE INTRODUCTION TO PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING	1	(58)
General Problem-Solving Concepts	3	(6)
Problem Solving in Everyday Life	3	(2)
Types of Problems	5	(1)
Problem Solving with Computers	5	(1)
Difficulties with Problem Solving	6	(1)
Summary	6	(1)
New Terms	7	(1)
Questions	7	(1)
Problems	7	(2)
Beginning Problem-Solving Concepts for the Computer	9	(30)
Constants and Variables	11	(3)
Data Types	14	(4)
Functions	18	(2)
Operators	20	(5)
Expressions and Equations	25	(7)
Summary	32	(1)
New Terms	33	(1)
Questions	33	(2)
Problems	35	(4)
Programming Concepts	39	(20)
How the Computer Stores Data	40	(1)
Communicating with the Computer	41	(1)
Organizing the Problem	41	(12)
Using the Tools	53	(1)
Testing the Solution	54	(1)
Coding the Program	54	(1)
Summary	54	(1)
New Terms	55	(1)
Questions	55	(1)
Problems	55	(1)
Unit One Supplementary Exercises	56	(3)
UNIT TWO LOGIC STRUCTURES	59	(104)
An Introduction to Programming Structure	61	(16)
Pointers for Structuring a Program	62	(2)
The Modules and Their Functions	64	(2)
Cohesion and Coupling	66	(1)
Local and Global Variables	67	(2)
Parameters	69	(4)
Return Values	73	(1)
Variable Names and the Data Dictionary	74	(1)
The Four Logic Structures	74	(1)
Summary	75	(1)
New Terms	76	(1)
Questions	76	(1)
Problems	76	(1)
Problem Solving with the Sequential Logic Structure	77	(16)
Algorithm Instructions and Flowchart Symbols	77	(3)
The Sequential Logic Structure	80	(2)
Solution Development	82	(8)
Summary	90	(1)
Questions	90	(1)
Problems	90	(3)
Problem Solving with Decisions	93	(34)
The Decision Logic Structure	94	(2)
Multiple If/Then/Else Instructions	96	(2)
Using Straight-Through Logic	98	(1)
Using Positive Logic	99	(4)
Using Negative Logic	103	(2)
Logic Conversion	105	(3)
Which Decision Logic?	108	(1)
Decision Tables	108	(11)
Putting It All Together	119	(4)
Summary	123	(1)
New Terms	124	(1)
Questions	124	(1)
Problems	124	(3)
Problem Solving with Loops	127	(26)
The Loop Logic Structure	128	(1)
Incrementing	128	(1)
Accumulating	129	(1)
While/While End	129	(3)
Putting It All Together	132	(1)
Repeat/Until	132	(2)
Putting It All Together	134	(2)
Automatic-Counter Loop	136	(5)
Putting It All Together	141	(1)
Nested Loops	141	(1)
Indicators	142	(3)
Algorithm Instructions and Flowchart Symbols	145	(2)
Recursion	147	(1)
Summary	147	(1)
New Terms	147	(1)
Questions	147	(3)
Problems	150	(3)
Problem Solving with the Case Logic Structure	153	(10)
The Case Logic Structure	153	(2)
Codes	155	(2)
Putting It All Together	157	(1)
Another Putting It All Together	158	(1)
Summary	158	(1)
New Terms	159	(1)
Questions	159	(1)
Problems	159	(3)
Unit Two Supplementary Exercises	162	(1)
UNIT THREE DATA STRUCTURES	163	(122)
Processing Arrays	165	(58)
Arrays	165	(2)
One-Dimensional Arrays	167	(7)
Putting It All Together	174	(1)
Two-Dimensional Arrays	175	(9)
Putting It All Together	184	(7)
Multidimensional Arrays	191	(1)
Table Look-Up Technique	192	(4)
The Pointer Technique	196	(13)
Putting It All Together	209	(9)
Summary	218	(1)
New Terms	218	(1)
Questions	218	(1)
Problems	219	(4)
Sorting, Stacks, and Queues	223	(16)
Sorting Techniques	224	(7)
Stacks	231	(1)
Queues	232	(4)
Summary	236	(1)
New Terms	236	(1)
Questions	237	(1)
Problems	237	(2)
File Concepts	239	(10)
Beginning File Concepts	240	(1)
Records as a Data Structure	240	(1)
Primary and Secondary Keys	240	(1)
Algorithm Instructions and Flowchart Symbols	240	(3)
Systems Flowcharts	243	(1)
Designing Records	243	(4)
Summary	247	(1)
New Terms	247	(1)
Questions	247	(1)
Problems	247	(2)
Linked Lists	249	(22)
Creating Linked Lists	249	(1)
Examples of Adding Data to/Deleting Data from Linked Lists	250	(5)
Algorithms and Flowcharts to Add, Delete and Access Data in a Linked List	255	(13)
Summary	268	(1)
New Terms	268	(1)
Questions	268	(1)
Problems	269	(2)
Binary Trees	271	(14)
Creation of Binary Trees	271	(4)
Accessing Data in a Binary Tree	275	(3)
Traversal of Binary Trees	278	(2)
Summary	280	(1)
New Terms	280	(1)
Questions	281	(1)
Problems	281	(1)
Unit Three Supplementary Exercises	282	(3)
UNIT FOUR DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS	285	(32)
Database Management Systems	287	(6)
Why a DBMS?	288	(1)
DBMS Components	288	(1)
DBMS Models	289	(1)
DBMS Tasks	290	(1)
Summary	291	(1)
New Terms	291	(1)
Questions	291	(2)
Relational Database Management Systems	293	(24)
Tables, Records, and Fields	294	(1)
Normalizing Tables	295	(5)
Schema	300	(1)
Creating Tables	301	(2)
Queries	303	(2)
Interface Design	305	(1)
Reports	305	(1)
Planning a Solution Using an RDBMS	306	(8)
Summary	314	(1)
New Terms	314	(1)
Questions	314	(1)
Problems	315	(2)
UNIT FIVE OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING	317	(28)
Concepts of Object-Oriented Programming	319	(8)
Object-Oriented Programming	320	(3)
GUI (Graphical User Interface)	323	(1)
Event-Driven Object-Oriented Programming	323	(2)
Summary	325	(1)
New Terms	325	(1)
Questions	325	(1)
Problems	326	(1)
Object-Oriented Program Design	327	(18)
Designing an Object-Oriented Application	328	(6)
Interface Design	334	(2)
Designing an Event-Driven Object-Oriented Application	336	(4)
Summary	340	(1)
New Terms	341	(1)
Questions	341	(1)
Problems	341	(2)
Unit Five Supplementary Exercises	343	(2)
UNIT SIX FILE PROCESSING	345	(64)
Sequential-Access File Applications	347	(34)
Processing Sequential-Access Files	349	(1)
The Primer Read	349	(2)
Designing Output Reports	351	(1)
Headings and Line Counters	351	(6)
Control-Breaks	357	(4)
Multiple Control-Breaks	361	(2)
Using Indicators for Program Control	363	(5)
Error Handling	368	(2)
Null Files	370	(8)
Summary	378	(1)
New Terms	379	(1)
Questions	379	(1)
Problems	379	(2)
Sequential-Access File Updating	381	(28)
Creating Files	382	(1)
The Master File	383	(1)
Transaction Files	383	(1)
Activity Files	383	(1)
Backup Files	383	(1)
Updating the Master File Using a Transaction File	384	(6)
Putting It All Together	390	(11)
A Useful Alternative Method	401	(1)
Summary	401	(5)
New Terms	406	(1)
Questions	406	(1)
Problems	406	(1)
Unit Six Supplementary Exercises	407	(2)
UNIT SEVEN APPLICATION SOFTWARE	409	(42)
Word Processing and Spreadsheets	411	(30)
File Management	412	(1)
Word Processing	413	(3)
Some Design Concepts	416	(4)
Planning a Word-Processed Document	420	(2)
Types of Documents	422	(1)
Spreadsheets	423	(1)
Spreadsheet Basics	423	(4)
Design of a Spreadsheet	427	(3)
Putting It All Together	430	(1)
Graphs	431	(4)
Putting It All Together	435	(1)
Summary	436	(1)
New Terms	437	(1)
Questions	437	(1)
Problems	438	(3)
Other Application Software	441	(10)
Graphics Software	442	(1)
Desktop-Publishing Software	442	(1)
Presentation Graphics Software	443	(1)
Flowchart Software	443	(1)
Project Management Software	443	(1)
Information Processing	443	(1)
Suites	444	(1)
Sharing Data	445	(1)
OLE	446	(2)
Summary	448	(1)
New Terms	449	(1)
Questions	449	(1)
Problems	449	(1)
Unit Seven Supplementary Exercises	450	(1)
Appendix A Otto the Robot	451	(8)
Appendix B Overview of UML (Unified Modeling Language)	459	(6)
Appendix C ASCII and EBCDIC Codes for Data Representation	465	(4)
Appendix D Forms to Use in Problem Solving	469	(20)
Appendix E Other Problem-Solving Tools	489	(4)
Glossary	493	(8)
Index	501