Progress in String, Field and Particle Theory

by NATO Advanced Study Institute on Progress in String, Field, and Particle Theory (2002 : Cargese, France); Rabinovici, Eliezer

• ISBN13: 9781402013607
• ISBN10: 1402013604
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-10-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

The main focus of this book is the recent progress in the very active areas of superstring theory, quantum gravity and the theory of elementary particles. It covers topical problems in such domains as duality between gravity and gauge interactions, string field theory, tachyon condensation, non-commutative field theory, string cosmology and string phenomenology. Some presentations give an elementary introduction to their subject, while others are geared to the specialist.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. v
Lectures	p. 1
The Non-AdS/Non-CFT Correspondence, or Three Different Paths to QCD	p. 3
Introduction	p. 3
Review of AdS/CFT	p. 4
From AdS/CFT to QCD	p. 7
Deformations of N=4 SYM	p. 9
Compactification scenarios	p. 17
The Klebanov-Strassler background	p. 21
Summary	p. 22
Physics of Low Scale String Models	p. 25
Preliminaries	p. 25
Heterotic string and motivations for large volume compactifications	p. 26
M-theory on S[superscript 1]/Z[subscript 2] "X" Calabi-Yau	p. 28
Type I/I' string theory and D-branes	p. 29
Type II theories	p. 33
Theoretical implications	p. 37
Scenario for studies of experimental constraints	p. 45
Extra-dimensions along the world brane: KK excitations of gauge bosons	p. 46
Extra-dimensions transverse to the brane world: KK excitations of gravitons	p. 54
Dimension-eight operators and limits on the string scale	p. 58
D-brane Standard Model	p. 61
Appendix: Supersymmetry breaking in type I strings	p. 67
Supergravity Versus Topological Gravity
The Holographic Principle	p. 75
Introduction	p. 75
Entropy bounds from black holes	p. 82
Towards a holographic principle	p. 94
A spacelike entropy bound?	p. 100
The covariant entropy bound	p. 106
The dynamics of light-sheets	p. 119
Applications and examples	p. 125
The holographic principle	p. 138
Holographic screens and holographic theories	p. 141
General relativity	p. 155
Two Talks on a Tentative Theory of Large Distance Physics	p. 167
The need to produce QFT	p. 168
The general nonlinear model	p. 168
The coupling constants [lambda superscript i]	p. 169
At short 2d distances [Lambda superscript -1]	p. 171
The manifold of general nonlinear models	p. 172
The general nonlinear model in string theory	p. 172
The infrared failure of string theory	p. 173
Every handle diverges logarithmically	p. 174
Potentially realistic string scattering	p. 175
Local handles	p. 176
Cancel the cutoff dependence of local handles	p. 177
The [lambda]-model	p. 178
The a priori measure	p. 180
Nonperturbative 2d effects in the [lambda]-model?	p. 182
General covariance and gauge invariance	p. 182
The effective worldsurface	p. 183
The form of the theory	p. 183
Dynamical background independence	p. 184
What the cancelling means	p. 185
Physics at finite spacetime distance	p. 186
What needs to be done	p. 187
A Toy Model for the M5-Brane
D-Branes on the Conifold and N = 1 Gauge/Gravity Dualities	p. 189
Introduction	p. 189
D3-branes on the Conifold	p. 192
The RG cascade	p. 200
The Chiral Anomaly	p. 204
Deformation of the Conifold	p. 211
Infrared Physics	p. 215
Defects, Decay, and Dissipated States	p. 225
Introduction	p. 225
Open strings	p. 229
Closed strings	p. 239
String Dynamics on PP-Waves from Yang Mills Theory
Seiberg-Witten Prepotential, Higher Casimirs, and Free Fermions	p. 263
Introduction	p. 263
The method	p. 264
Calculation	p. 269
U(1) example in greater detail	p. 270
Aspects of String Motion in Time-Dependent Backgrounds	p. 275
Introduction	p. 275
Some Questions regarding Cosmologies in General Relativity	p. 276
Stringy Attempts to Address the Questions	p. 277
Exact Time-Dependent Backgrounds	p. 281
Algebraic, Dynamic and Geometrical Aspects of Coset backgrounds	p. 282
Cosmology and Whiskers	p. 285
From Big Bang to Big Crunch and Beyond	p. 290
The coset	p. 297
An algebraic analysis of the superstring on the NW background	p. 310
Summary	p. 314
On the Geometry of Higher-Spin Gauge Fields	p. 319
Introduction	p. 319
Gauge-invariant equations for unconstrained bosons	p. 322
Gauge-invariant equations for unconstrained fermions	p. 324
Free-field geometry	p. 325
The issue of gauge fixing	p. 327
Higher-spin geometry and String Theory	p. 329
Conclusions	p. 332
Open String Creation by S-Branes	p. 335
Introduction	p. 335
Scalar Field with Time-Dependent Mass	p. 337
Minisuperspace Approximation	p. 339
The Half-s-brane and Boundary Liouville Theory	p. 340
Hagedorn Divergence	p. 341
Topics in Gauge Theory/String Theory Duality
Open String Star Algebra and Rolling Tachyons
Gong Show	p. 345
Superconformal Boundary Conditions of the N=1 Nonlinear Sigma Model	p. 347
Backgrounds of 2D String Theory from Matrix Models	p. 351
The D3[perpendicular, bottom]D1-Brane Intersection and Monopole Scattering	p. 357
Holography and Infrared Conformality in Two Dimensions	p. 361
Stabilization of D-Branes in General Group Manifolds	p. 365
Orientifolds and K-Theory	p. 369
A Resolution of the Cosmological Singularity with Orientifolds	p. 373
D-Branes and Orientifolds of S[superscript 3] and RP[superscript 3]	p. 377
Boundary States in Rational CFT	p. 381
Quasilocalization in Brane World Models and on D-Branes	p. 385
S-Charge Monodromy Mechanism in N=2 SYM from Semiclassical Point of View	p. 389
Singular and Smooth Time-Dependent Orbifolds	p. 393
Type IIB 7-Brane Solutions from Nine-Dimensional Domain Walls	p. 397
[alpha]'-Corrections to Flux Induced Potentials in Type IIB	p. 401
Noncommutative Multi-Solitons	p. 405
Symmetries in M Theory: Monsters, Inc.	p. 409
Spacetime Diffeomorphisms and the Geodesic Approximation	p. 413
Gepner Model Boundary States from Geometry	p. 417
Instanton Expansions in 5D N = 2 Prepotentials	p. 421
Yang-Mills Theory from String Field Theory on D-Branes	p. 425
Magnetized Type I Orbifolds in Four Dimensions	p. 429
De Sitter Space in Non-Critical String Theory	p. 433
Ribbon Graphs and Surfaces	p. 437
A Mysterious Duality: M-Theory and Del Pezzo Surfaces	p. 441
Super Yang-Mills Matrix Integrals for an Arbitrary Gauge Group	p. 445
On ADS[subscript 3] String Theory	p. 449
Cubic Free Field Theory	p. 453
On the Covariant Quantization of Superstrings	p. 457
Open Strings and 3D Topological Field Theory	p. 461
Observer Complementarity in De Sitter Space	p. 465
Remarks on Surface States and Derivations in String Field Theory	p. 469
Multiple Trace Deformations, Boundary Conditions and ADS/CFT	p. 473
Moduli Stabilization from Fluxes	p. 477
Time Dependent Background from Nonsupersymmetric Strings	p. 481
The NS Five-Brane Paritition Sum	p. 485
Gravitational Approach to Tachyon Matter	p. 489
D-Branes from N=2 Sigma Models	p. 493
Appendix	p. 499
List of Speakers	p. 501
List of Participants	p. 503
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