The Psychodynamics of Gender and Gender Role

by Bornstein, Robert F.; Masling, Joseph M.; Bornstein, Robert F.; Masling, Joseph M.

• ISBN13: 9781557988942
• ISBN10: 1557988943
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-03-01
• Publisher: Amer Psychological Assn

Summary

Final volume in this series reviews cutting-edge studies on psychoanalytic theories of child development, defense and coping, unconscious mental processing, normal personality functioning, and psychopathology.

Table of Contents

Contributors	ix
Introduction: The Psychodynamics of Gender and Gender Role	xiii
Robert F. Bornstein
Joseph M. Masling
Development of Individual Differences in Helplessness: Relations to Gender and Psychodynamic Theory	3	(50)
Kathleen M. Cain
Individual Differences in Motivation: The Helpless and Mastery-Oriented Patterns	7	(2)
Gender Differences in Helplessness	9	(1)
Psychodynamic Theory and Helplessness	10	(5)
Development of Individual Differences in Achievement Motivation: Social--Cognitive Research	15	(6)
Socialization of Individual Differences in Achievement Motivation	21	(7)
Gender and the Development of Helplessness	28	(4)
Proposed Model for the Development of Helplessness	32	(3)
Psychodynamic Theory and Individual Differences in Motivation	35	(6)
Conclusions	41	(12)
Gender Differences in Primary Process Thinking and Creativity	53	(28)
Sandra W. Russ
Primary Process Thinking	53	(2)
Primary Process Thinking and Creativity	55	(7)
Gender Differences in Empirical Studies	62	(5)
Primary Process in Play Narratives	67	(6)
Explanations of Gender Differences	73	(8)
The Study of Defense Mechanisms: Gender Implications	81	(48)
Phebe Cramer
Developing a Method to Study Defenses in Children	84	(9)
Why Does Defense Use Change With Development?	93	(3)
How Does One Know One Is Assessing Defenses?	96	(9)
Immature Defense Use by Adults: Regression or Fixation?	105	(2)
Gender Differences and Defenses	107	(11)
Synthesis: Gender Differences in Implications of Defense Use	118	(3)
Conclusion	121	(8)
Exploring the Inner World of Severely Disturbed Bulimic Women: Empirical Investigations of Psychoanalytic Theory of Female Development	129	(36)
J. Christopher Fowler
Ben Brunnschweiler
Johanna Brock
Historical Context	130	(2)
Psychoanalytic Theory and Empirical Evidence	132	(9)
A Study of Severely Disturbed Bulimic Women	141	(11)
Discussion	152	(13)
Unconscious Response to ``Mommy and I Are One'': Does Gender Matter?	165	(38)
Staffan Sohlberg
Billy Jansson
MIO Effects Vary in a Predictable Way	168	(2)
Should Researchers Care About Gender When Studying MIO?	170	(3)
Previous Studies	173	(5)
New Experiments	178	(14)
Conclusion	192	(11)
Emotions, Defenses, and Gender	203	(48)
Leslie R. Brody
Serra Muderrisoglu
Ora Nakash-Eisikovits
Gender and Development	204	(3)
Communion, Agency, and Emotional Expression	207	(1)
Context Specificity of Gender Differences in Emotion	208	(1)
Defense Mechanisms, Agency, and Communion	209	(2)
Defense Mechanisms and Emotions	211	(7)
Description of the Study	218	(33)
Gender Differences in Morality	251	(20)
June Price Tangney
Ronda L. Dearing
Empirical Findings on Gender Differences in Superego Strength: The Case of Shame and Guilt	253	(5)
Women Are Not Less Moral Than Men: Further Empirical Results From the Study of Empathy	258	(2)
The Bottom Line: Gender Differences in Moral Behavior	260	(2)
Gender Differences in the Character of the Superego: An Ethic of Care Versus an Ethic of Justice?	262	(3)
Summary and Conclusion	265	(6)
Author Index	271	(10)
Subject Index	281	(16)
About the Editors	297