Psychological Assessment With the Mmpi-2

by Friedman, Alan F.; Lewak, Richard; Nichols, David S.; Webb, James T.

• ISBN13: 9780805838695
• ISBN10: 0805838694
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-07-01
• Publisher: Lawrence Erlbau

Summary

User-friendly yet sophisticated,Psychological Assessment With the MMPI-2will be welcomed by practicing psychologists, researchers, and students alike. This long-awaited second edition constitutes the single most comprehensive and up-to-date textbook of MMPI-2 interpretation. Completely rewritten to address the changes to the original instrument that resulted in the MMPI-2 in l989, it describes in detail all the MMPI-2 scales--clinical, supplementary, and content--and offers empirically-grounded and clinically-tested recommendations for their use. The last decade has seen an explosion of research, as well as a steady accumulation of experiential wisdom; bridging the gap between behavioral science and practice, the authors review all the major findings and their implications and draw on rich clinical material to illuminate the issues. This second edition: * helps users with forensic interests including attorneys needing a reference for expert review; * gives step-by-step advice on interpreting profiles; * includes treatment recommendations in the explanation of every code pattern; * provides extensive guidance on report-writing for new users; * compares the most current MMPI-2 computer reports; * features numerous tables, figures, and appendices for all the MMPI-2 scales including the newer validity measures; and * incorporates 570 references (235 completely new).

Table of Contents

Code-Pattern Look-Up Table	xv
List of Figures	xxi
List of Tables	xxiii
List of Appendix Tables	xxv
Foreword	xxvii
W. Grant Dahlstrom
Foreword	xxix
Robert P. Archer
Preface	xxxi
Development of the MMPI and MMPI--2	1	(24)
General Description of the MMPI/MMPI--2	1	(2)
Historical Development of the MMPI	3	(6)
MMPI Restandardization: The MMPI--2	9	(1)
Experimental Form (AX) and the MMPI-2 Booklet	10	(2)
New Normative Sample	12	(4)
Uniform T-Scores	16	(6)
Notes	22	(3)
Measures of Profile Validity	25	(45)
The Traditional Measures and Their Derivatives	25	(14)
Cannot Say Score (?)	26	(2)
Variable Response Inconsistency Scale (VRIN)	28	(4)
True Response Inconsistency Scale (TRIN)	32	(1)
Infrequency Scale (F)	33	(2)
F-Back Scale [FB]	35	(4)
Additional Measures of Response Style	39	(1)
Self-Unfavorable Scales	39	(7)
Infrequency-Psychopathology Scale: F(p)	39	(4)
Dissimulation Scale (Ds)	43	(3)
Self-Favorable Scales	46	(13)
Lie Scale (L)	47	(2)
Correction Scale (K)	49	(4)
Superlative Self-Presentation Scale (S)	53	(2)
Positive Malingering Scale (Mp)	55	(1)
Social Desirability Scale (Sd)	56	(1)
Socioeconomic Status Scale (Ss)	57	(2)
Validity Indices	59	(8)
F---FB	59	(1)
Dissimulation Index (F-K)	60	(7)
Notes	67	(3)
The Clinical Scales and Their Derivatives	70	(90)
Clinical Scale Development and Use	70	(10)
Harris--Lingoes Subscales	73	(3)
Subtle--Obvious Subscales	76	(3)
Overlapping Item Content	79	(1)
Scale 1: Hypochondriasis (Hs)	80	(3)
Scale 2: Depression (D)	83	(7)
Harris--Lingoes Subscales	85	(1)
D1: Subjective Depression	86	(1)
D2: Psychomotor Retardation	86	(1)
D3: Physical Malfunctioning	87	(1)
D4: Mental Dullness	88	(1)
D5: Brooding	88	(1)
Scale 2: Subtle--Obvious Subscales	89	(1)
Scale 3: Hysteria (Hy)	90	(11)
Harris--Lingoes Subscales	95	(1)
Hy1: Denial of Social Anxiety	95	(1)
Hy2: Need for Affection	96	(1)
Hy3: Lassitude-Malaise	97	(1)
Hy4: Somatic Complaints	98	(1)
Hy5: Inhibition of Aggression	98	(1)
Scale 3: Subtle--Obvious Subscales	99	(2)
Scale 4: Psychopathic Deviate (Pd)	101	(11)
Harris--Lingoes Subscales	106	(1)
Familial Discord: Pd1	106	(1)
Authority Problems: Pd2	107	(1)
Social Imperturbability: Pd3	108	(1)
Social Alienation: Pd4	109	(1)
Self-Alienation: Pd5	110	(1)
Scale 4: Subtle--Obvious Subscales	111	(1)
Scale 5: Masculinity--Femininity (Mf)	112	(7)
Scale 6: Paranoia (Pa)	119	(8)
Harris--Lingoes Subscales	122	(1)
Ideas of external Influence (Pa1)	123	(1)
Poignancy: Pa2	124	(1)
Moral Virtue: Pa3	124	(1)
Scale 6: Subtle--Obvious Subscales	125	(2)
Scale 7: Psychasthenia (Pt)	127	(3)
Scale 8: Schizophrenia (Sc)	130	(11)
Harris--Lingoes Subscales	135	(1)
Social Alienation: Sc1	136	(1)
Emotional Alienation: Sc2	136	(1)
Lack of Ego Mastery, Cognitive: Sc3	137	(1)
Lack of Ego Mastery, Conative: Sc4	138	(1)
Lack of Ego Mastery, Defective Inhibition: Sc5	139	(1)
Sensorimotor Dissociation: Sc6	140	(1)
Scale 9: Hypomania (Ma)	141	(10)
Harris--Lingoes Subscales	146	(1)
Amorality: Ma1	146	(1)
Psychomotor Acceleration: Ma2	147	(1)
Imperturbability: Ma3	148	(1)
Ego Inflation: Ma4	148	(1)
Scale 9: Subtle-Obvious Subscales	149	(2)
Scale 0: Social Introversion (Si)	151	(6)
Notes	157	(3)
Administration and Scoring	160	(25)
Forms of the MMPI-2	160	(1)
Abbreviated and Short Forms	161	(1)
Foreign Translations	162	(1)
Test Instructions	163	(4)
Test Conditions	167	(1)
Participants' Requirements	168	(4)
Test Scoring and Profile Plotting	172	(1)
Coding the Profile	173	(3)
MMPI/MMPI--2 Code Pattern Correspondence	176	(6)
Notes	182	(3)
Interpreting the Validity Scales	185	(46)
? (Cannot Say) Score	186	(8)
Variable Response Inconsistency Scale (VRIN)	187	(2)
True Response Inconsistency Scale (TRIN)	189	(1)
Infrequency Scale (F)	190	(3)
F-Back Scale [FB]	193	(1)
Self Unfavorable Scales	194	(2)
Infrequency-Psychopathology Scales: F(P) Scale	194	(1)
Dissimulation Scale (Ds)	195	(1)
Self Favorable Scales	196	(9)
Lie Scale (L)	196	(1)
Correction Scale (K)	197	(6)
Superlative Scale (S)	203	(1)
Positive Malingering Scale (Mp)	204	(1)
Social Desirability Scale (Sd)	204	(1)
Socioeconomic Status Scale (Ss)	205	(1)
Validity Indices	205	(4)
F -- FB Index	205	(1)
Dissimulation Index (F-K)	206	(1)
Issues in Determining Validity	207	(2)
Basic Validity Scale Configurations	209	(1)
Random Response Set	209	(1)
Notes	209	(1)
Report Language	209	(1)
All-True Response Set	209	(5)
Notes	214	(1)
Report Language	214	(1)
All-False Response Set	214	(1)
Notes	214	(1)
Report Language	214	(1)
Common Validity Scale Patterns	214	(17)
Interpreting the MMPI-2 Clinical Scales	231	(107)
Introduction	231	(1)
Clinical Scales and Codes (also see Code Pattern Look-up Table)	232	(106)
Scale 1 (Hs)	232	(2)
Treatment	234	(19)
Scale 2 (D)	253	(2)
Treatment	255	(24)
Scale 3 (Hy)	279	(2)
Treatment	281	(14)
Scale 4 (Pd)	295	(4)
Treatment	299	(17)
Scale 5 (Mf)	316	(2)
Treatment	318	(2)
Scale 6 (Pa)	320	(2)
Treatment	322	(4)
Scale 7 (Pt)	326	(1)
Treatment	326	(3)
Scale 8 (Sc)	329	(1)
Treatment	330	(3)
Scale 9 (Ma)	333	(1)
Treatment	334	(2)
Scale 0 (Si)	336	(1)
Normal Code, High K (K+)	337	(1)
Interpreting the Content of the MMPI--2: Critical Items, Content Scales, and Subscales	338	(50)
Critical Items	338	(7)
Content Scales	345	(31)
Anxiety Scale (ANX)	354	(1)
Fears Scale (FRS)	355	(2)
Obsessiveness Scale (OBS)	357	(1)
Depression Scale (DEP)	358	(2)
Health Concerns Scale (HEA)	360	(1)
Bizarre Mentation Scale (BIZ)	361	(1)
Anger Scale (ANG)	362	(2)
Cynicism Scale (CYN)	364	(1)
Antisocial Practices Scale (ASP)	365	(1)
Type A Behavior Scale (TPA)	366	(2)
Low Self-Esteem Scale (LSE)	368	(2)
Social Discomfort Scale (SOD)	370	(1)
Family Problems Scale (FAM)	371	(2)
Work Interference Scale (WRK)	373	(1)
Negative Treatment Indicators (TRT)	374	(2)
General Principles for the Interpretation of Content Scales	376	(3)
The Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY--5)	379	(9)
Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism Scale (NEN)	381	(1)
Psychoticism Scale (PSY)	381	(1)
Disconstraint Scale (DIS)	382	(2)
Aggressiveness Scale (AGG)	384	(2)
Low Positive Emotionality/Extraversion Scale (LPE)	386	(1)
Effects of Response Styles on the PSY-5 Scales	387	(1)
Interpreting the Supplementary Scales	388	(26)
Introduction	388	(3)
Factor Scales A and R	391	(4)
Ego Strength Scale (Es)	395	(2)
Overcontrolled--Hostility Scale (O-H)	397	(2)
Dominance Scale (Do)	399	(1)
Social Responsibility Scale (Re)	400	(2)
College Maladjustment Scale (Mt) Keane et al.'s Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale (PK); and Schlenger and Kulka's Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale (PS)	402	(2)
Gender Role--Masculine (GM) and Gender Role--Feminine (GF) Scales	404	(2)
Substance Abuse Measures: The MacAndrew Alcoholism scale (MAC/MAC--R), The Addiction Potential Scale (APS), and The Addiction Acknowledgment Scale (AAS)	406	(6)
Marital Distress scale (MDS)	412	(2)
Interpretation and Report Writing	414	(63)
Clinical And Actuarial Approaches to Interpretation	414	(7)
Development of Actuarial Rules	415	(2)
Actuarial Data and Base Rates	417	(2)
The Importance of Referral Data	419	(2)
Demographic Variables	421	(5)
Age	421	(1)
Gender	422	(1)
Education	423	(1)
Race	424	(1)
Socioeconomic Variables	425	(1)
Interpretive Steps	426	(3)
Common Code Patterns	429	(48)
Code-Patterns, Elevation, and Additional Scales	438	(4)
Organizing the Data	442	(1)
Writing the Report	443	(1)
Guidelines for Beginning a Report:	444	(13)
Organization of the Report	457	(2)
Symptoms, Complaints, and Personality Traits	459	(1)
Self-Concept	459	(1)
Perception of the Environment	460	(1)
Interpersonal Relationships	460	(1)
Behaviors	460	(1)
Emotional Control and Response To Stress	461	(1)
Psychological Resources	462	(1)
Dynamics/Etiology	462	(1)
Diagnostic Impressions	463	(3)
Treatment Implications	466	(2)
Interpretation of ``Complex Profiles''	468	(2)
Scale 5	470	(1)
Scale 0	470	(1)
Energizers and Suppressors	470	(1)
Strategies for Providing Feedback to the Client	471	(2)
Guidelines for Giving Feedback	473	(3)
Evaluating Feedback	476	(1)
Computerized Interpretation of the MMPI--2	477	(55)
Computer-Based Test Interpretation (CBTI)	477	(3)
Computerized Interpretation of the MMPI/MMPI--2	480	(2)
Caldwell Report	482	(10)
MMPI--2 Adult Interpretive System	492	(11)
Roger Greene
MMPI--2 Minnesota Report, Adult Clinical System---Revised	503	(19)
James N. Butcher
Marks (and Lewak) Adult Feedback and Treatment Report for MMPI--2 and MMPI	522	(10)
Appendix A Scoring Keys and Norms for MMPI-2 Scales and Critical Items	532	(45)
Appendix B MMPI--2 Uniform and Linear T-Score Conversions for Validity, Clinical, Supplementary, Content, Content Component, Subscales, and Special Scales	577	(56)
Appendix C Item Overlap and Intercorrelations Among the Standard MMPI-2 Validity and Clinical Scales in the Caldwell Clinical Data Set	633	(1)
Appendix D K- and Non-K-Corrected T-Score Values for the MMPI--2 Basic Scales Based on the Original Minnesota Normative Group (N = 225 Men, 315 Women)	634	(11)
References	645	(22)
Author Index	667	(8)
Subject Index	675	(12)
About The Authors	687