Psychological Testing

by Anastasi, Anne; Urbina, Susana

• ISBN13: 9780023030857
• ISBN10: 0023030852
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1996-12-27
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

This classic, authoritative introduction to psychological testing is widely hailed for its broad coverage and its ability to cover "graduate school" topics in terms that one with little testing experience can understand.This book familiarizes the reader with the basics of test construction and prepares the reader to effectively evaluate different tests, choose tests for particular purposes and individual examines, and interpret scores properly.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
PART ONE FUNCTIONS AND ORIGINS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING	2	(46)
1 Nature and Use of Psychological Tests	2	(30)
Uses and Varieties of Psychological Tests	2	(2)
What Is a Psychological Test?	4	(6)
Why Control the Use of Psychological Tests?	10	(3)
Test Administration	13	(4)
Examiner and Situational Variables	17	(3)
A View from the Test-Taker's Perspective	20	(3)
Effects of Training on Test Performance	23	(4)
Sources of Information about Tests	27	(5)
2 Historical Antecedents of Modern Testing	32	(16)
Early Interest in Classification and Training of Mentally Retarded Persons	33	(1)
The First Experimental Psychologists	34	(1)
Contributions of Francis Galton	35	(1)
Cattell and the Early "Mental Tests"	36	(1)
Binet and the Rise of Intelligence Tests	37	(1)
Group Testing	38	(1)
Aptitude Testing	39	(3)
Standardized Achievement Tests	42	(2)
Assessment of Personality	44	(4)
PART TWO TECHNICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE	48	(156)
3 Norms and the Meaning of Test Scores	48	(36)
Statistical Concepts	49	(5)
Developmental Norms	54	(4)
Within-Group Norms	58	(8)
Relativity of Norms	66	(8)
Computers and the Interpretation of Test Scores	74	(2)
Domain-Referenced Test Interpretation	76	(4)
Minimum Qualifications and Cutoff Scores	80	(4)
4 Reliability	84	(29)
The Correlation Coefficient	85	(6)
Types of Reliability	91	(11)
Reliability of Speeded Tests	102	(3)
Dependence of Reliability Coefficients on the Sample Tested	105	(2)
Standard Error of Measurement	107	(5)
Reliability Applied to Mastery Testing and Cutoff Scores	112	(1)
5 Validity: Basic Concepts	113	(28)
Evolving Concepts of Test Validity	114	(1)
Content-Description Procedures	114	(4)
Criterion-Prediction Procedures	118	(8)
Construct-Indentification Procedures	126	(10)
Overview and Integration	136	(4)
6 Validity: Measurement and Interpretation	140	(32)
Validity Coefficient and Error of Estimate	141	(3)
Test Validity and Decision Theorey	144	(12)
Combining Information from Different Tests	156	(4)
Use of Tests for Classification Decisions	160	(4)
Statistical Analyses of Test Bias	164	(8)
7 Item Analysis	172	(32)
Item Difficulty	173	(6)
Item Discrimination	179	(8)
Item Response Theory	187	(6)
Item Analysis of Speeded Tests	193	(1)
Cross-Validation	194	(2)
Differential Item Functioning	196	(4)
Explorations in Item Development	200	(4)
PART THREE ABILITY TESTING	204	(144)
8 Individual Tests	204	(30)
Stanford-Biner Intelligence Scale	205	(9)
The Wechsler Scales	214	(8)
The Kaufman Scales	222	(4)
Differential Ability Scales	226	(7)
Das-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System	233	(1)
9 Tests for Special Populations	234	(37)
Infant and Preschool Testing	235	(12)
Comprehensive Assessment of Mentally Retarded Persons	247	(5)
Testing Persons with Physical Disabilities	252	(7)
Multicultural Testing	259	(12)
10 Group Testing	271	(23)
Group Tests versus Individual Tests	272	(2)
Adaptive Testing and Computer-Based Administration	274	(4)
Multilevel Batteries	278	(9)
Measuring Multiple Aptitudes	287	(7)
11 Nature of Intelligence	294	(29)
Meaning of an IQ	295	(2)
Heritability and Modifiability	297	(3)
Motivation and Intelligence	300	(3)
Factor Analysis of Intelligence	303	(6)
Theories of Triat Organization	309	(9)
Nature and Development of Traits	318	(5)
12 Psychological Issues in Ability Testing	323	(25)
Longitudinal Studies of Children's Intelligence	323	(4)
Intelligence In Early Childhood	327	(4)
Problems in the Testing of Adults Intelligence	331	(6)
Population Changes in Intelligence Test Performance	337	(3)
Cultural Diversity	340	(8)
PART FOUR PERSONALITY TESTING	348	(126)
13 Self-Report Personality Inventories	348	(38)
Content-Related Procedures	349	(1)
Empirical Criterion Keying	350	(12)
Factor Analysis in Test Development	362	(5)
Personality Theory in Test Development	367	(7)
Test-Taking Attitudes and Response Biases	374	(5)
Traits, States, Persons, and Situations	379	(6)
Current Status of Personality Inventories	385	(1)
14 Measuring Interests and Attitudes	386	(24)
Interest Inventories: Current Setting	387	(2)
The Strong Interest Inventory (SII)	389	(7)
Interest Inventories: Overview and Some Highlights	396	(6)
Some Significant Trends	402	(2)
Opinion Surveys and Attitude Scales	404	(4)
Locus of Control	408	(2)
15 Projective Techniques	410	(33)
Nature of Projective Techniques	411	(1)
Inkblot Techniques	411	(8)
Pictorial Techniques	419	(6)
Verbal Techniques	425	(2)
Autobiographical Memories	427	(2)
Performance Techniques	429	(3)
Evaluation of Projective Techniques	432	(11)
16 Other Assessment Techniques	443	(31)
Measures of Styles and Types	443	(7)
Situational Tests	450	(4)
Self-Concepts and Personal Constructs	454	(9)
Observer Reports	463	(6)
Biodata	469	(5)
PART FIVE APPLICATIONS OF TESTING	474	(77)
17 Major Contexts of Current Test Use	474	(59)
Educational Testing	474	(16)
Occupational Testing	490	(19)
Test Use in Clinical and Counseling Psychology	509	(29)
18 Ethical and Social Considerations in Testing	533	(18)
Ethical Issues in Physchological Testing and Assessment	535	(1)
User Qualifications and Professional Competence	536	(2)
Responsibilities of Test Publishers	538	(2)
Protection of Privacy	540	(2)
Confidentiality	542	(1)
Communicating Test Results	543	(1)
Testing Diverse Populations	544	(7)
APPENDIXES	551	(10)
A. Alphabetical Listing of Tests and Other Assessment Tools	551	(4)
B. Addresses of Test Publishers, Distributors, and Test-Related Organizations	555	(6)
References	561	(120)
Acknowledgments	681	(3)
Name Index	684	(24)
Subject Index	708