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Tables, Figures, and Features | p. xiii |
Preface | p. xvi |
What Should the Role of Citizens Be in a Democratic Society? | p. 1 |
Public Opinion in a Democracy | p. 3 |
Theories of Democracy | p. 4 |
What is Public Opinion? | p. 14 |
Defining Key Concepts | p. 17 |
Empirical Assessments of Public Opinion | p. 22 |
Themes of the Book | p. 23 |
Key Concepts | p. 25 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 25 |
Appendix. Studying Public Opinion Empirically | p. 27 |
Public Opinion Surveys | p. 27 |
Experiments | p. 32 |
Interviews | p. 35 |
Focus Groups | p. 36 |
Content Analysis | p. 37 |
Conclusion | p. 38 |
Key Concepts | p. 39 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 39 |
Are Citizens Pliable? | p. 41 |
Political Socialization | p. 43 |
Childhood Socialization | p. 45 |
Parental Transmission of Political Attitudes | p. 49 |
Political Events and Socialization | p. 57 |
Genetic Inheritance of Political Attitudes | p. 61 |
Conclusion | p. 64 |
Key Concepts | p. 66 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 67 |
Mass Media | p. 69 |
What Should Citizens Expect from the Mass Media in a Democracy? | p. 72 |
What General Characteristics of the Mass Media Shape News Coverage? | p. 73 |
What Specific Characteristics of the News Media Shape the Reporting of Political Events? | p. 81 |
Are Citizens Affected by the Mass Media? | p. 85 |
Conclusion | p. 98 |
Key Concepts | p. 99 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 99 |
Attitude Stability and Attitude Change | p. 101 |
Are Americans' Attitudes Stable? | p. 102 |
Collective Attitude Stability | p. 105 |
Presidential Approval | p. 109 |
Psychological Approaches to Attitudes | p. 112 |
Conclusion | p. 127 |
Key Concepts | p. 129 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 129 |
Do Citizens Organize Their Political Thinking? | p. 131 |
Ideological Innocence and Critiques | p. 133 |
Converse's Claim: Ideological Innocence | p. 135 |
Critiques of Converse | p. 141 |
Related Evidence? | p. 156 |
Conclusion | p. 158 |
Key Concepts | p. 160 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 160 |
Pluralistic Roots of Public Opinion: Personality, Self-interest, Values, and History | p. 162 |
Personality | p. 163 |
Self-Interest | p. 173 |
Values | p. 176 |
Historical Events | p. 179 |
Conclusion | p. 182 |
Key Concepts | p. 183 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 183 |
Pluralistic Roots of Public Opinion: The Central Role of Groups | p. 185 |
Party Identification | p. 186 |
Race and Public Opinion | p. 189 |
Gender and Public Opinion | p. 203 |
Conclusion | p. 206 |
Key Concepts | p. 207 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 207 |
Do Citizens Endorse and Demonstrate Democratic Basics? | p. 209 |
Knowledge, Interest, and Attention to Politics | p. 211 |
How Knowledgeable, Interested, and Attentive Should Citizens Be in a Democracy? | p. 212 |
Are Citizens Knowledgeable about Politics? | p. 214 |
Measuring Political Knowledge | p. 221 |
Why Are Some Citizens More Knowledgeable than Others? | p. 228 |
What Are the Consequences of Political Knowledge? | p. 233 |
Are Citizens Interested in and Attentive to Politics? | p. 234 |
Conclusion | p. 237 |
Key Concepts | p. 239 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 239 |
Support for Civil Liberties | p. 241 |
Are Americans Tolerant? | p. 244 |
Sources of Tolerant Attitudes | p. 253 |
Contextual Influences on Tolerance Judgments | p. 255 |
Are Elites More Tolerant? | p. 259 |
Civil Liberties Post-9/11 | p. 262 |
Conclusion | p. 267 |
Key Concepts | p. 270 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 270 |
Support for Civil Rights | p. 273 |
Public Opinion and Presidential Candidates | p. 275 |
Support for Civil Rights Policies | p. 284 |
Conclusion | p. 297 |
Key Concepts | p. 299 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 299 |
What Is the Relationship between Citizens and Their Government? | p. 301 |
Trust in Government, Support for Institutions, and Social Capital | p. 303 |
Trust in Government | p. 305 |
Support for Institutions | p. 319 |
Social Capital | p. 325 |
Conclusion | p. 333 |
Key Concepts | p. 334 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 334 |
Impact of Public Opinion on Policy | p. 337 |
Should Public Opinion Influence Policy? | p. 340 |
Is Public Opinion Related to Policy? | p. 341 |
Do Politicians Follow or Lead the Public? | p. 349 |
Public Opinion and Foreign Policy | p. 357 |
Conclusion | p. 363 |
Key Concepts | p. 364 |
Suggested Sources for Further Reading | p. 364 |
What Do We Make of Public Opinion in a Democracy? | p. 367 |
Conclusion | p. 369 |
What Should the Role of Citizens Be in a Democratic Society? | p. 369 |
Are Citizens Pliable? | p. 370 |
Do Citizens Organize Their Political Thinking? | p. 371 |
Do Citizens Endorse and Demonstrate Democratic Basics? | p. 372 |
What Is the Relationship between Citizens and Their Government? | p. 373 |
What Do We Make of Public Opinion in a Democracy? | p. 374 |
Notes | p. 375 |
Glossary | p. 413 |
Index | p. 429 |
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