Quasielastic Neutron Scattering and Solid State Diffusion

by Hempelmann, Rolf

• ISBN13: 9780198517436
• ISBN10: 0198517432
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-01-25
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Quasielastic neutron scattering has made many important contributions to the atomistic elucidation of diffusion processes in solids. The aim of this book is to inform researchers in solid state physics, solid state chemistry, and inorganic materials science of the potential of quasielasticneutron scattering. The book has been written for experimentalists and contains in its first part the theoretical background on neutrons, neutron scattering, and solid state diffusion, which is essential for the proper use of quasielastic neutron scattering. This general part should be useful fornon-experts in the field of neutron scattering and diffusion as well. The second part of the book addresses the experts in this vivid field of research. It summarizes the scientific applications of quasielastic neutron scattering to special solid state materials systems, as for example to hydrogenin metals or to diffusion in solid state ionic conductors.

Table of Contents

Glossary of symbols	xi
I GENERAL PART
Introduction	3	(5)
The neutron	8	(18)
Basic properties	8	(3)
Neutron sources	11	(11)
Neutron guides for beam transport	22	(4)
The basic theory of neutron scattering	26	(28)
The scattering length of a bound nucleus	26	(5)
The scattering matrix element; general properties	31	(9)
The van Hove correlation functions	40	(5)
The asymptotic behaviour of Gs(r, t) and of S(Q)	45	(3)
Debte-Waller factor; lattice vibrations	48	(6)
Diffusion in solids	54	(42)
Collective diffusion	57	(9)
Single-particle diffusion	66	(10)
Stochastic aspects of diffusion	76	(9)
The single diffusive step	85	(11)
Incoherent quasielastic neutron scattering	96	(44)
Spatially limited jump diffusion, EISF	100	(15)
`Long range' translational diffusion	115	(3)
Translational jump diffusion in Bravais lattices	118	(6)
Translational jump diffusion in complex lattices	124	(7)
Disordered systems; multiple trapping	131	(9)
Coherent quasielastic neutron scattering	140	(18)
Coherent elastic scattering due to short-range order	140	(2)
The diffusing lattice-gas or lattice-liquid	142	(7)
Elastic distortion scattering	149	(6)
Quasielastic scattering on distortions combined with diffusion	155	(3)
Experimental techniques	158	(25)
Intensity and background corrections	158	(2)
Resolution corrections	160	(2)
Simultaneous fits and Bayesian analysis	162	(2)
Multiple scattering corrections (MSCs)	164	(2)
Time-of-flight spectrometers	166	(4)
Backscattering spectrometers	170	(4)
Backscattering with time-of-flight	174	(2)
Quasielastic Mossbauer spectroscopy as a related method	176	(7)
II SPECIAL CLASSES OF MATERIALS
Hydrogen in metals	183	(47)
Macroscopic hydrogen diffusion coefficient	184	(10)
The hydrogen jump-diffusion mechanism	194	(17)
Quantum motion of H and μ+	211	(12)
Hydrogen diffusion in disordered systems	223	(7)
Metals and alloys	230	(12)
Vacancy-induced diffusion in bcc metals	230	(5)
Diffusion in β-titanium and phonons	235	(3)
Alloys and intermetallic compounds	238	(4)
Intercalation compounds	242	(9)
Graphite intercalation	242	(7)
Ionic compounds with channels or layers	249	(2)
Solid state proton conductors	251	(13)
Aliovalently doped perovskites	252	(5)
Hydrogen bonded systems	257	(5)
Systems with protonic vehicles	262	(2)
Solid ionic conductors	264	(17)
Silver ion conductors	265	(4)
Sodium ion conductors	269	(2)
Lithium ion conductors	271	(4)
Anionic conductors	275	(6)
Bibliography	281	(18)
Index	299