Raising and Educating a Deaf Child A Comprehensive Guide to the Choices, Controversies, and Decisions Faced by Parents and Educators

by Marschark, Marc

• ISBN13: 9780195376159
• ISBN10: 0195376153
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-01-09
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

The second edition of this guide offers a readable, comprehensive summary of everything a parent or teacher would want to know about raising and educating a deaf child. It covers topics ranging from what it means to be deaf to the many ways that the environments of home and school caninfluence a deaf child's chances for success in academic and social circles. The new edition provides expanded coverage of cochlear implants, spoken language, mental health, and educational issues relating to deaf children enrolled in integrated and separate settings. Marschark makes sense of themost current educational and scientific literature, and also talks to deaf children, their parents, and deaf adults about what is important to them.Raising and Educating a Deaf Child is not a "how to" book or one with all the "right" answers for raising a deaf child; rather, it is a guide through the conflicting suggestions and programs for raising deaf children, as well as the likely implications of taking one direction or the other.

Author Biography

Marc Marschark is a Professor and Director of the Center for Education Research Partnerships at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf, a college of Rochester Institute of Technology, and Honorary Professor in the Moray House School of Education at the University of Edinburgh and School of Psychology at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. His books include Psychological Development of Deaf Children (1993), Educating Deaf Students: From Research to Practice, with H. Lang and J. Albertini (2002), Sign Language Interpreting and Interpreter Education, with R. Peterson and E. Winston (2005), Advances in the Spoken Language Development of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children, with P.E. Spencer (2006), and Advances in the Sign Language Development of Deaf Children, with B. Schick and P.E. Spencer (2006). Marschark is also Editor of the Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, published by Oxford University Press.

Table of Contents

Foreword	p. vii
A Deaf Child in the Family	p. 3
A View From Within	p. 7
Big D and Little d	p. 8
Hearing Loss Versus Hearing Impairment	p. 10
Sign Language	p. 12
A Deaf Child in the Family	p. 12
The Importance of Language	p. 14
Growing Up Deaf: Differences Versus Deficiencies	p. 17
Family Adjustment to Early Childhood Hearing Loss	p. 19
Early Intervention	p. 21
Final Comments	p. 23
Practical Aspects of Being Deaf	p. 26
In the Lands of the Deaf	p. 27
Describing the Deaf Population	p. 28
Causes and Consequences of Early Hearing Loss	p. 29
Mechanisms of Hearing	p. 30
Mechanisms of Hearing Loss	p. 32
Degrees of Hearing Loss	p. 34
Causes of Hearing Loss	p. 35
Deaf Children With Other Needs	p. 36
Early Identification of Hearing Losses	p. 38
Identifying Hearing Loss Early	p. 39
Universal Newborn Hearing Screening Challenges	p. 40
Hearing Aids and Related Technology	p. 41
Hearing Aids	p. 42
Loop, Infrared, and FM Systems	p. 43
Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Cochlear Implants	p. 44
How Implants Work	p. 44
A Brief History of Cochlear Implant Technology	p. 47
Who Benefits From Cochlear Implants?	p. 49
Long-Term Effects of Cochlear Implants	p. 52
Technological Tools for Deaf People	p. 56
TTYs and Pagers	p. 56
Relay Services and Webcams	p. 57
Captioning	p. 59
Final Comments	p. 60
Communicating With Deaf Children	p. 63
Availability of Sign Language for Deaf Children	p. 65
About Signed Languages	p. 67
A Brief History of American Sign Language	p. 71
Components of Signs and Signed Languages	p. 73
Alternative Forms of Sign Communication	p. 80
Pidgin Signed English and Contact Sign	p. 81
Signed English	p. 81
Seeing Essential English (SEE1)	p. 82
Signing Exact English (SEE2)	p. 82
Spoken Language	p. 83
Speech Training and Speech Assessment	p. 84
Oral Methods	p. 86
Cued Speech	p. 88
Final Comments	p. 90
Early Interactions: The Roots of Childhood	p. 92
Origins of Social Relations	p. 93
Early Interactions Have Far-Reaching Effects	p. 94
Accepting Childhood Deafness	p. 97
The Show Must Go On	p. 99
Attachment: Mother and Child Reunion	p. 101
Looking Beyond the Earliest Relationships	p. 103
The Importance of Play	p. 106
Final Comments	p. 107
Language Development	p. 109
Do Deaf Babies Babble?	p. 110
Vocal Babbling by Deaf Infants	p. 111
Manual Babbling?	p. 113
Gestures and Signs	p. 114
First Signs, First Words	p. 115
Growing Vocabularies	p. 117
Learning to Fingerspell	p. 121
Does Learning to Sign Affect Learning to Speak?	p. 122
Does Signing Remove a Deaf Child's Motivation to Speak?	p. 123
How Can Deaf Children Function in Society If They Cannot Speak?	p. 124
How Does Not Being Able to Speak Affect Learning in School?	p. 124
Signs and Words in the Same Child	p. 126
Putting It All Together	p. 127
Learning to Use Sign Efficiently	p. 130
Deaf Children's Exposure to Social Language	p. 132
Final Comments	p. 134
Going to School	p. 137
Educating Deaf Children	p. 138
Legal Issues Confronting the Education of Deaf Children	p. 139
Educational Program Alternatives	p. 142
Preschool Programs	p. 143
Schools for the Deaf, Residential Schools, and Separate School Programs	p. 144
Public School Mainstreaming and Inclusion	p. 146
Bilingual Programs	p. 147
Postsecondary Education for Deaf Students	p. 148
Academic Support Services	p. 149
Interpreting	p. 150
Note Taking	p. 152
Real-Time Text	p. 153
Other Support Considerations	p. 153
Educational Implications of Alternative School Placements	p. 155
Psychological Implications of Alternative School Placements	p. 157
Final Comments	p. 159
Learning to Read and Write	p. 162
What Is Reading?	p. 165
What Makes Some Deaf Children (but Not Others) Good Readers?	p. 168
Deaf Children of Deaf Parents	p. 169
Phonological Knowledge and Spelling	p. 172
Vocabulary Knowledge and Knowledge of the World	p. 174
Understanding Grammar	p. 175
Thinking About Reading	p. 176
Deaf Children's Writing	p. 177
The Impact of Social and Emotional Factors on Literacy	p. 180
Final Comments	p. 180
Intelligence, Academic Achievement, and Creativity	p. 183
Understanding Intelligence	p. 185
Language, Thought, and Intelligence	p. 187
Confounding Factors in Intelligence	p. 190
The Language Issue	p. 190
Physiological and Psychological Contributions	p. 191
Understanding Other Minds	p. 193
Striving for Success	p. 195
Measuring Academic Achievement	p. 197
Creativity and Flexibility	p. 199
What Is Creativity?	p. 199
Nonverbal Creativity of Deaf Children	p. 200
Verbal Creativity of Deaf Children	p. 201
Do Deaf Children Have Special Visual Skills?	p. 203
Final Comments	p. 204
Deaf Children to Deaf Adults	p. 206
Personality and Emotional Growth During the School Years	p. 208
Living With Parents, Peers, and Siblings	p. 211
Interactions With Peers	p. 213
Influences of Brothers and Sisters	p. 215
Understanding the Feelings and Values of Others	p. 217
Mental Health	p. 218
Are Deaf Children Impulsive?	p. 222
Learning Disability	p. 224
Final Comments	p. 227
Where Do We Go From Here?	p. 229
Being a Parent of a Deaf Child	p. 231
Notes	p. 235
References	p. 243
Index	p. 257
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.