Reading Critically, Writing Well

by Axelrod, Rise B.; Cooper, Charles Raymond

• ISBN13: 9780312115258
• ISBN10: 0312115253
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1996-01-01
• Publisher: St. Martin's Press

Table of Contents

Preface	xix
Introduction	1	(22)
Reading Critically	2	(1)
Reading for Meaning	3	(1)
The Dirty Secret in Fraternity Drinking Songs	4	(3)
Katrina Foley
Sheila Moreland
Reading like a Writer	7	(3)
Practice in Reading Critically	10	(1)
There is no Safe Sex	11	(4)
Robert C. Noble
Writing Well	15	(6)
The Writing Assignments	16	(1)
The Guides to Writing	17	(4)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned	21	(2)
Autobiography	23	(46)
Practicing Autobiography: A Collaborative Activity	25	(1)
A Guide to Reading Autobiography	25	(1)
That Summer I Left Childhood Was White	26	(8)
Audre Lorde
Readings	34	(1)
A Chase	34	(5)
Annie Dillard
Smooth and Easy	39	(6)
Russell Baker
Land of the Doo-Wops	45	(10)
Itabari Njeri
Divorced Father
Laurie Abraham
Rick (student essay)	55	(5)
Brad Benioff
Thinking About What Makes Autobiography Effective	60	(1)
A Guide to Autobiographical Writing	61	(7)
Invention	61	(2)
Drafting	63	(2)
Reading a Draft Critically	65	(1)
Revising	66	(2)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Writing Autobiography	68	(1)
Observation	69	(48)
Practicing Observation: A Collaborative Activity	71	(1)
A Guide to Reading Observational Writing	71	(1)
Teaching Celery	72	(6)
Tracy Kidder
Readings	78	(1)
The New Yorker
Soup	78	(4)
Girls on the Strip	82	(5)
Lisa Jones
Bull Riding School	87	(8)
Jane
Michael Stern
The New York Pickpocket Academy	95	(6)
John McPhee
Dead Air (student essay)	101	(5)
Craig Elsten
Thinking About What You Have Learned About Observational Essays	106	(1)
A Guide to Observational Writing	107	(7)
Invention	107	(3)
Drafting	110	(1)
Reading a Draft Critically	111	(2)
Revising	113	(1)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Observational Writing	114	(3)
Reflection	117	(42)
Practicing Reflection: A Collaborative Activity	119	(1)
A Guide to Reading Reflective Writing	120	(1)
Hearing the Sweetest Songs	121	(6)
Nicollette Toussaint
Readings	127	(1)
Black Men and Public Space	127	(4)
Brent Staples
Are Families Dangerous?	131	(4)
Barbara Ehrenreich
What's American about America?	135	(5)
Ishmael Reed
On Sexual Separatism	140	(4)
Diana Trilling
Whose Body Is This? (student essay)	144	(5)
Katherine Haines
Thinking About What Makes Reflective Writing Effective	149	(1)
A Guide to Reflective Writing	150	(8)
Invention	150	(3)
Drafting	153	(1)
Reading a Draft Critically	154	(2)
Revising	156	(2)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Writing Reflection	158	(1)
Explaining Concepts	159	(54)
Practicing Explaining Concepts: A Collaborative Activity	161	(1)
A Guide to Reading Essays Explaining Concepts	162	(1)
Is Sex Necessary? Virgin Birth and Opportunism in the Garden	163	(7)
David Quammen
Readings	170	(1)
Reading Against Texts	170	(7)
Perry Nodelman
Marked Women	177	(7)
Deborah Tannen
Welcome to Cyberspace	184	(7)
Philip Elmer-DeWitt
The Autotelic Self	191	(6)
Mihaly Csikszentmilhalyi
Reincarnation (student essay)	197	(5)
Melissa McCool
Thinking About What Makes Essays Explaining Concepts Effective	202	(1)
A Guide to Writing Essays Explaining Concepts	203	(9)
Invention	204	(4)
Drafting	208	(1)
Reading a Draft Critically	209	(1)
Revising	210	(2)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Writing Concept Explanations	212	(1)
Evaluation	213	(46)
Practicing Evaluation: A Collaborative Activity	215	(1)
A Guide to Reading Evaluative Writing	216	(1)
Working at McDonald's	216	(7)
Amitai Etzioni
Readings	223	(1)
When America Lost Its Innocence---Maybe	223	(5)
David Ansen
Oh, What a Lovely War	228	(5)
Roger Angell
Divided We Stand	233	(7)
Martha C. Nussbaum
Beware of the Under Drow	240	(5)
Scorpia
Buzzworm: The Superior Magazine (student essay)	245	(4)
Ilene Wolf
Thinking About What Makes an Evaluation Effective	249	(1)
A Guide to Writing an Evaluation	250	(8)
Invention	250	(4)
Drafting	254	(1)
Reading a Draft Critically	255	(1)
Revising	256	(2)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Writing Evaluation	258	(1)
Speculation About Causes or Effects	259	(54)
Practicing Speculation About Causes or Effects: A Collaborative Activity	261	(1)
A Guide to Reading Speculation About Causes or Effects	262	(1)
Why We Crave Horror Movies	263	(6)
Stephen King
Readings	269	(1)
Intolerance of Boyish Behavior	269	(5)
Natalie Angier
Why Do Catholics Stay in the Church? Because of the Stories	274	(7)
Andrew M. Greeley
The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society	281	(8)
Jonathan Kozol
The Tyranny of Choice	289	(8)
Steven Waldman
Basketball and the Urban Poor (student essay)	297	(5)
Reese Mason
Thinking About What Makes Speculation About Causes or Effects Effective	302	(1)
A Guide to Writing Speculations About Causes or Effects	303	(9)
Invention	303	(3)
Drafting	306	(2)
Reading a Draft Critically	308	(2)
Revising	310	(2)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Writing Essays Speculating About Causes or Effects	312	(1)
Proposal to Solve a Problem	313	(52)
Practicing Proposing Solutions to Problems: A Collaborative Activity	316	(1)
A Guide to Reading a Proposal to Solve a Problem	316	(1)
Reforming Schools through a Federal Test for College Aid	317	(7)
Robert J. Samuelson
Readings	324	(1)
Confer College Degress by Examination	324	(4)
Mark Kleiman
Prevention of Deelionquency	328	(6)
Edward J. Loughran
Giving the Young a Voice in National Service Programs	334	(7)
John Beilenson
A U.S. Youth Apprenticeship Program	341	(11)
Toby Haynsworth
Gerald Perselay
Proposal to Increase Efficiency in the Computer Section (student essay)	352	(4)
Will Scarvie
Thinking About What Makes Proposals Effective	356	(1)
A Guide to Writing Proposals to Solve Problems	357	(7)
Invention	357	(2)
Drafting	359	(2)
Reading a Draft Critically	361	(2)
Revising	363	(1)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Writing Proposals to Solve Problems	364	(1)
Position Paper	365	(50)
Practicing Arguing A Position: A Collaborative Activity	367	(1)
A Guide to Reading Position Papers	368	(1)
The Case for No Helmets	368	(6)
Dick Teresi
Readings	374	(1)
Religious Diversity and the Schools	374	(6)
Stephen Bates
Rush and Larry, Coast to Coast: This Is Not Democracy in Action	380	(4)
Donella Meadows
Saving Nature, But Only for Man	384	(5)
Charles Krauthammer
Affirmative Action	389	(12)
Shelby Steele
Sex Education in Our Schools (student essay)	401	(4)
Jill Kuhn
Thinking About What Makes Position Papers Effective	405	(1)
A Guide to Writing Position Papers	406	(7)
Invention	406	(2)
Drafting	408	(2)
Reading a Draft Critically	410	(1)
Revising	411	(2)
Reflecting on What You Have Learned About Writing Position Papers	413	(2)
Appendix 1 A CATALOG OF CRITICAL READING STRATEGIES	415	(52)
Annotating	416	(1)
An Annotated Sample from ``Letter from Birmingham Jail''	417	(4)
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Previewing	421	(3)
Outlining	424	(3)
Summarizing	427	(1)
Paraphrasing	428	(1)
Questioning to Understand and Remember	429	(2)
Contextualizing	431	(2)
Reflecting on Challenges to Your Beliefs and Values	433	(1)
Exploring the Significance of Figurative Language	434	(3)
Looking for Patterns of Opposition	437	(3)
Evaluating the Logic of an Argument	440	(5)
Recognizing Emotional Manipulation	445	(1)
Judging the Writer's Credibility	446	(2)
Comparing and Contrasting Related Readings	448	(1)
Legitimate Pressures and Illegitimate Results	448	(3)
Lewis H. Van Dusen, Jr.
Letter from Birmingham Jail	451	(16)
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Appendix 2 STRATEGIES FOR RESEARCH AND DOCUMENTATION	467	(40)
Field Research	467	(1)
Observation	468	(2)
Interviews	470	(3)
Library Research	473	(1)
A Working Bibliography	474	(1)
Consulting Encyclopedias	475	(1)
Consulting Disciplinary Guides	475	(1)
Checking Subject Headings	476	(1)
Consulting Bibliographies	477	(1)
Finding Books	478	(1)
Finding Periodical Articles	478	(3)
Finding Newspaper Articles	481	(1)
Finding Government and Statistical Information	482	(1)
Using the Internet for Research	482	(1)
Searching the WorldWide Web	483	(2)
Using Other Tools to Access the Internet	485	(1)
Using Special Interest Groups on the Internet	486	(2)
Establishing E-mail Contact with Experts	488	(1)
Reading Sources with a Critical Eye	489	(1)
Selecting Relevant Sources	489	(1)
Identifying Bias	490	(1)
Acknowledging Sources	491	(1)
Citing Sources within Your Essay	492	(2)
Citing Sources at the End of Your Essay	494	(13)
Topical Index	507	(2)
Index of Authors, Titles, and Terms	509