Real Writing: Paragraphs and Essays for College, Work, and Everyday Life

by Anker

• ISBN13: 9780312456375
• ISBN10: 0312456379
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-11-29
• Publisher: Bedford/St. Martin's

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Introduction for Students	xxv
Paragraphs and Essays
Part One: How to Write Paragraphs and Essays	1	(104)
Course and Reading Basics: What You Need to Know to Get Started	3	(22)
Course Basics	3	(6)
Reading Basics	9	(15)
Chapter Review	24	(1)
Writing Basics: Audience, Purpose, and Process	25	(7)
Understand Audience and Purpose	25	(2)
Understand Paragraph and Essay Form	27	(3)
Understand the Writing Process	30	(1)
A Final Note: Avoiding Plagiarism	31	(1)
Plagiarism	31	(1)
Chapter Review	31	(1)
Finding, Narrowing, and Exploring Your Topic: Choosing Something to Write About	32	(9)
Understand What a Topic Is	32	(1)
Practice Narrowing a Topic	33	(2)
Practice Exploring Your Topic	35	(4)
Write Your Own Topic and Ideas	39	(1)
Chapter Review	40	(1)
Writing Your Topic Sentence or Thesis Statement: Making Your Point	41	(15)
Understand What a Topic Sentence and a Thesis Statement Are	41	(3)
Practice Developing a Good Topic Sentence or Thesis Statement	44	(9)
Write Your Own Topic Sentence or Thesis Statement	53	(2)
Chapter Review	55	(1)
Supporting Your Point: Finding Details, Examples, and Facts	56	(9)
Understand What Support Is	56	(2)
Practice Supporting a Main Point	58	(3)
Write Your Own Support	61	(3)
Chapter Review	64	(1)
Making a Plan: Arranging Your Ideas	65	(8)
Understand What a Logical Order Is	65	(2)
Practice Arranging Ideas in a Logical Order	67	(3)
Make Your Own Plan	70	(2)
Chapter Review	72	(1)
Drafting: Putting Your Ideas Together	73	(16)
Understand What a Draft Is	73	(1)
Practice Writing a Draft Paragraph	73	(3)
Write Your Own Draft Paragraph	76	(2)
Practice Writing a Draft Essay	78	(7)
Write Your Own Draft Essay	85	(2)
Chapter Review	87	(2)
Revising: Improving Your Paragraph or Essay	89	(16)
Understand What Revision Is	89	(1)
Understand What Peer Review Is	90	(1)
Practice Revising for Unity, Detail, and Coherence	91	(7)
Revise Your Own Paragraph	98	(1)
Revise Your Own Essay	99	(3)
Chapter Review	102	(3)
Part Two: Writing Different Kinds of Paragraphs and Essays	105	(132)
Narration: Writing That Tells Stories	107	(14)
Understand What Narration Is	107	(1)
Four Basics of Good Narration	107	(7)
Profile of Success: Narration in the Real World	108	(1)
Kelly Layland, Registered Nurse	108	(1)
Kelly Layland's Narration	108	(1)
Main Point in Narration	109	(1)
Support in Narration	110	(3)
Organization in Narration	113	(1)
Read and Understand Narration	114	(3)
Narration Paragraph: Professional	114	(1)
Narration Essay: Student	115	(2)
Write Your Own Narration	117	(3)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	117	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	118	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/ Solving a Problem	118	(2)
Chapter Review	120	(1)
Illustration: Writing That Gives Examples	121	(13)
Understand What Illustration Is	121	(1)
Four Basics of Good Illustration	121	(5)
Profile of Success: Illustration in the Real World	122	(1)
Alan Whitehead, Home Development Company Vice President	122	(1)
Alan Whitehead's Illustration	122	(1)
Main Point in Illustration	123	(1)
Support in Illustration	124	(2)
Organization in Illustration	126	(1)
Read and Understand Illustration	126	(3)
Illustration Paragraph: Student	127	(1)
Illustration Essay: Professional	127	(2)
Write Your Own Illustration	129	(4)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	129	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	130	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	131	(2)
Chapter Review	133	(1)
Description: Writing That Creates Pictures in Words	134	(15)
Understand What Description Is	134	(1)
Four Basics of Good Description	134	(7)
Profile of Success: Description in the Real World	135	(1)
Celia Hyde, Chief of Police	135	(1)
Celia Hyde's Description	135	(1)
Main Point in Description	136	(2)
Support in Description	138	(2)
Organization in Description	140	(1)
Read and Understand Description	141	(3)
Description Paragraph: Student	141	(1)
Description Essay: Student	142	(2)
Write Your Own Description	144	(4)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	145	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	145	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	146	(2)
Chapter Review	148	(1)
Process Analysis: Writing That Explains How Things Happen	149	(13)
Understand What Process Analysis Is	149	(1)
Four Basics of Good Process Analysis	149	(6)
Profile of Success: Process Analysis in the Real World	150	(1)
Rocio Murillo, Teacher	150	(1)
Rocio Murillo's Process Analysis	150	(1)
Main Point in Process Analysis	151	(1)
Support in Process Analysis	152	(2)
Organization in Process Analysis	154	(1)
Read and Understand Process Analysis	155	(2)
Process Analysis Paragraph: Professional	155	(1)
Process Analysis Essay: Textbook	156	(1)
Write Your Own Process Analysis	157	(4)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	158	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	158	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	159	(2)
Chapter Review	161	(1)
Classification: Writing That Sorts Things into Groups	162	(15)
Understand What Classification Is	162	(1)
Four Basics of Good Classification	162	(8)
Profile of Success: Classification in the Real World	164	(1)
Rosalind Baker, Director of Human Service	164	(1)
Rosalind Baker's Classification	164	(1)
Main Point in Classification	165	(2)
Support in Classification	167	(2)
Organization in Classification	169	(1)
Read and Understand Classification	170	(3)
Classification Paragraph: Textbook	171	(1)
Classification Essay: Student	171	(2)
Write Your Own Classification	173	(3)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	173	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	174	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	174	(2)
Chapter Review	176	(1)
Definition: Writing That Tells What Something Means	177	(12)
Understand What Definition Is	177	(1)
Four Basics of Good Definition	177	(6)
Profile of Success: Definition in the Real World	178	(1)
Walter Scanlon, Program and Workplace Consultant	178	(1)
Walter Scanlon's Definition	179	(1)
Main Point in Definition	179	(2)
Support in Definition	181	(1)
Organization in Definition	182	(1)
Read and Understand Definition	183	(2)
Definition Paragraph: Textbook	183	(1)
Definition Essay: Textbook	183	(2)
Write Your Own Definition	185	(3)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	185	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	186	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	186	(2)
Chapter Review	188	(1)
Comparison and Contrast: Writing That Shows Similarities and Differences	189	(17)
Understand What Comparison and Contrast Are	189	(1)
Four Basics of Good Comparison and Contrast	189	(8)
Profile of Success: Comparison and Contrast in the Real World	190	(1)
Brad Leibov, President, The New Chicago Fund, Inc.	190	(1)
Brad Leibov's Comparison and Contrast	191	(1)
Main Point in Comparison and Contrast	191	(1)
Support in Comparison and Contrast	192	(2)
Organization in Comparison and Contrast	194	(3)
Read and Understand Comparison and Contrast	197	(3)
Comparison and Contrast Paragraph: Student	197	(1)
Comparison and Contrast Essay: Student	198	(2)
Write Your Own Comparison and Contrast	200	(5)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	201	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	201	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	202	(3)
Chapter Review	205	(1)
Cause and Effect: Writing That Explains Reasons or Results	206	(14)
Understand What Cause and Effect Are	206	(1)
Four Basics of Good Cause and Effect	206	(7)
Profile of Success: Cause and Effect in the Real World	208	(1)
Mary La Cue Booker, Singer, Actor	208	(1)
Mary La Cue Booker's Cause and Effect	208	(1)
Main Point in Cause and Effect	209	(2)
Support in Cause and Effect	211	(1)
Organization in Cause and Effect	212	(1)
Read and Understand Cause and Effect	213	(3)
Cause and Effect Paragraph: Student	214	(1)
Cause and Effect Essay: Textbook	214	(2)
Write Your Own Cause and Effect	216	(3)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	216	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	217	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	217	(2)
Chapter Review	219	(1)
Argument: Writing That Persuades	220	(17)
Understand What Argument Is	220	(1)
Four Basics of Good Argument	220	(9)
Profile of Success: Argument in the Real World	221	(1)
Sandro Polo, Graduate Student in Architecture	221	(1)
Sandro Polo's Argument	222	(1)
Main Point in Argument	223	(1)
Support in Argument	224	(4)
Organization in Argument	228	(1)
Read and Understand Argument	229	(3)
Argument Paragraph: Student	229	(1)
Argument Essay: Professional	230	(2)
Write Your Own Argument	232	(4)
Assignment 1: Writing about College, Work, and Everyday Life	232	(1)
Assignment 2: Writing about Images	233	(1)
Assignment 3: Writing in the Real World/Solving a Problem	233	(3)
Chapter Review	236	(1)
Part Three: Special College Writing Projects	237	(36)
Writing Summaries and Reports: Condensing Important Information	239	(9)
Write a Summary	239	(4)
Write a Report	243	(4)
Chapter Review	247	(1)
Writing the Research Essay: Using Outside Sources in Your Writing	248	(25)
Make a Schedule	248	(1)
Choose a Topic	249	(1)
Find Sources	250	(5)
Evaluate Sources	255	(3)
Avoid Plagiarism	258	(1)
Keep a Running Bibliography	258	(6)
Cite and Document Your Sources	264	(3)
Excerpt from a Student Research Essay	267	(6)
Editing
Part Four: The Four Most Serious Errors	273	(100)
The Basic Sentence: An Overview	275	(12)
The Four Most Serious Errors	275	(1)
The Parts of Speech	275	(2)
The Basic Sentence	277	(8)
Chapter Review	285	(1)
Chapter Test	285	(2)
Fragments: Incomplete Sentences	287	(19)
Understand What Fragments Are	287	(1)
Practice Finding and Correcting Fragments	288	(13)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	301	(2)
Chapter Review	303	(1)
Chapter Test	303	(3)
Run-Ons and Comma Splices: Two Sentences Joined Incorrectly	306	(17)
Understand What Run-Ons and Comma Splices Are	306	(2)
Practice Finding and Correcting Run-Ons and Comma Splices	308	(10)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	318	(2)
Chapter Review	320	(1)
Chapter Test	320	(3)
Problems with Subject-Verb Agreement: When Subjects and Verbs Don't Match	323	(20)
Understand What Subject-Verb Agreement Is	323	(1)
Practice Finding and Correcting Errors in Subject-Verb Agreement	324	(14)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	338	(2)
Chapter Review	340	(1)
Chapter Test	340	(3)
Verb Tense: Using Verbs to Express Different Times	343	(30)
Understand What Verb Tense Is	343	(1)
Practice Using Correct Verbs	344	(18)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	362	(2)
Chapter Review	364	(1)
Chapter Test	364	(3)
PART FOUR TEST	367	(6)
Part Five: Other Grammar Concerns	373	(128)
Pronouns: Using Substitutes for Nouns	375	(24)
Understand What Pronouns Are	375	(1)
Practice Using Pronouns Correctly	375	(19)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	394	(1)
Chapter Review	395	(1)
Chapter Test	396	(3)
Adjectives and Adverbs: Using Descriptive Words	399	(11)
Understand What Adjectives and Adverbs Are	399	(1)
Practice Using Adjective and Adverbs Correctly	400	(6)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	406	(1)
Chapter Review	407	(1)
Chapter Test	407	(3)
Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers: Avoiding Confusing Descriptions	410	(7)
Understand What Misplaced Modifiers Are	410	(1)
Practice Correcting Misplaced Modifiers	411	(1)
Understand What Dangling Modifiers Are	412	(1)
Practice Correcting Dangling Modifiers	412	(1)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	413	(1)
Chapter Review	414	(1)
Chapter Test	415	(2)
Coordination: Joining Sentences with Related Ideas	417	(11)
Understand What Coordination Is	417	(1)
Practice Using Coordination	417	(7)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	424	(2)
Chapter Review	426	(1)
Chapter Test	426	(2)
Subordination: Joining Sentences with Related Ideas	428	(8)
Understand What Subordination Is	428	(1)
Practice Using Subordination	428	(4)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	432	(2)
Chapter Review	434	(1)
Chapter Test	434	(2)
Parallelism: Balancing Ideas	436	(9)
Understand What Parallelism Is	436	(1)
Practice Writing Parallel Sentences	436	(5)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	441	(1)
Chapter Review	442	(1)
Chapter Test	443	(2)
Sentence Variety: Putting Rhythm in Your Writing	445	(16)
Understand What Sentence Variety Is	445	(1)
Practice Creating Sentence Variety	446	(11)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	457	(1)
Chapter Review	458	(1)
Chapter Test	459	(2)
Formal English and ESL Concerns: Grammar Trouble Spots for Multilingual Students	461	(40)
Subjects	461	(2)
Pronouns	463	(2)
Verbs	465	(20)
Articles	485	(3)
Prepositions	488	(3)
Chapter Review	491	(2)
Chapter Test	493	(2)
PART FIVE TEST	495	(6)
Part Six: Word Use	501	(40)
Word Choice: Using the Right Words	503	(11)
Understand the Importance of Choosing Words Carefully	503	(1)
Practice Avoiding Four Common Word-Choice Problems	504	(6)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	510	(1)
Chapter Review	511	(1)
Chapter Test	512	(2)
Commonly Confused Words: Choosing the Right Word When It Sounds Like Another Word	514	(11)
Understanding Why Certain Words Are Commonly Confused	514	(1)
Practice Using Commonly Confused Words Correctly	514	(9)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	523	(1)
Chapter Review	524	(1)
Chapter Test	524	(1)
Spelling: Using the Right Letters	525	(16)
Understand the Importance of Spelling Correctly	525	(1)
Practice Spelling Correctly	526	(8)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	534	(1)
Chapter Review	535	(1)
Chapter Test	535	(2)
PART SIX TEST	537	(4)
Part Seven: Punctuation and Capitalization	541
Commas	543	(15)
Understand What Commas Do	543	(1)
Practice Using Commas Correctly	543	(11)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own-Writing	554	(1)
Chapter Review	555	(1)
Chapter Test	556	(2)
Apostrophes	558	(8)
Understand What Apostrophes Do	558	(1)
Practice Using Apostrophes Correctly	558	(5)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	563	(1)
Chapter Review	564	(1)
Chapter Test	565	(1)
Quotation Marks `` ''	566	(9)
Understand What Quotation Marks Do	566	(1)
Practice Using Quotation Marks Correctly	566	(5)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	571	(2)
Chapter Review	573	(1)
Chapter Test	573	(2)
Other Punctuation ; : ( ) -- -	575	(6)
Understand What Punctuation Does	575	(1)
Practice Using Punctuation Correctly	575	(3)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	578	(1)
Chapter Review	579	(1)
Chapter Test	580	(1)
Capitalization	581
Understand Three Rules of Capitalization	581	(1)
Practice Capitalization	581	(4)
Edit Paragraphs and Your Own Writing	585	(2)
Chapter Review	587	(1)
Chapter Test	587	(2)
PART SEVEN TEST	589
USEFUL APPENDICES	1	(1)
Succeeding on Tests	1	(15)
Building Your Vocabulary	16	(11)
Getting a Job	27	(12)
Solving Problems	39
Answers to Odd-Numbered Editing Exercises	1	(1)
Index	1
Correction Symbols Useful Lists, Checklists, and Charts