The eleventh edition of this renowned, topically organized anthology provides a superb balance of historical selections and recent material. The text covers reason and religious belief, human knowledge, mind and its place in nature, determinism, free will and responsibility, and morality and its critics in five parts with careful attention to opposing points of view.

Preface
Part One: REASON AND RELIGIOUS BELIEF
Introduction
The Existence of God
Anselm of Canterbury: The Ontological Argument: from Proslogium
Gaunilo: On Behalf of the Fool
William L
Rowe: The Ontological Argument
Thomas Aquinas: The Five Ways: from Summa Theologica
Samuel Clarke: A Modern Formulation of the Cosmological Argument
William L
Rowe: The Cosmological Argument
Derek Parfit: Why is there Something rather than Nothing? William Paley: The Argument from Design
David Hume: Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, II-XI
Deborah Mathieu: Male Chauvinist Religion
The Problem of Evil
Fyodor Dostoevsky, Rebellion: from The Brothers Karamazov
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz: A Refutation of Arguments from Evil, from Theodicy
J
L
Mackie: Evil and Omnipotence
Peter Van Inwagen: The Magnitude: Duration and Distribution of Evil: A Theodicy
Reason and Faith
W
K
Clifford: The Ethics of Belief
William James: The Will to Believe
Blaise Pascal: The Wager
Simon Blackburn: Miracles and Testimony, from Think
Part Two: HUMAN KNOWLEDGE: ITS GROUNDS AND LIMITS
Introduction
Skepticism
John Pollock: A Brain in a Vat
Sextus Empiricus: The Modes of Skepticism, from Outlines of Pyhroonism
Roderick M
Chisholm: The Problem of the Criterion
Keith Lehrer: Why Not Skepticism? Our Knowledge of the External World
Rene Descartes: Meditations on First Philosophy
G

Moore: Proof of an External World
John Locke: The Causal Theory of Perception, from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
George Berkeley: Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous
The Methods of Science
David Hume: An Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding, II, IV-VII
Wesley C
Salmon: An Encounter with David Hume
Duane Gish: Creation, Evolution and Public Education
Philip Kitcher: Believing Where We Cannot Prove, from Abusing Science
Part Three: MIND AND ITS PLACE IN NATURE
Introduction
The Mind-Body Problem
Keith Campbell: Dualisms, from Body and Mind 2ed
Frank Jackson: The Qualia Problem
Paul M
Churchland: Behaviorism, Materialism, and Functionalism, from Matter and Consciousness
Peter Carruthers: The Mind is the Brain, from Introducing Persons
Can Non-Humans Think? John R
Searle: Minds: Brains: and Programs
William G
Lycan: Robots and Minds, from Consciousness
Colin Allen: Star Witness
Personal Identity and the Survival Of Death
Daniel Dennett: Where Am I?, from Brainstorms
Terence Penelhum: Survival: The Problem of Identity
John Perry: A Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality
Part Four: DETERMINISM, FREE WILL AND RESPONSIBILITY
Introduction
Hard Determinism: The Case for Determinism and its Incompatibility With Any Important Sense of Free Will
Paul Holbach: The Illusion of Free Will, from System of Nature
Ted Honderich: A Defense of Hard Determinism, from How Free are You? Compatibilism: The Case for Determinism and its Compatibility with the Most Important Sense of Free Will
A
J
Ayer: Freedom and Necessity, from Philosophical Essays
Walter T
Stace: The Problem of Free Will, from Religion and the Modern Mind
Libertarianism: The Case for Free Will and its Incompatibility with Determinism
Roderick Chisholm: Human Freedom and the Self
Robert Kane: Free Will: Ancient Dispute, New Themes
Freedom and Moral Responsibility
Galen Strawson: The Impossibility of Moral Responsibility
Harry Frankfurt: Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility
Thomas Nagel: Moral Luck
Part Five: MORALITY AND ITS CRITICS
Introduction
Challenges to Morality
Joel Feinberg: Psychological Egoism
James Rachels: Ethical Egoism, from Elements of Moral Philosophy
Plato: The Immoralist's Challenge, from Republic, Book II
Plato, Socrates' Answer (in part), from Republic, Books II, III and IV
Friedrich Nietzsche: Master and Slave Morality, from Genealogy of Morals & Beyond Good and Evil
Proposed Standards of Right Conduct
Russ Shafer-Landau: Ethical Subjectivism
James Rachels: The Challenge of Cultural Relativism: from The Elements of Moral Philosophy
Aristotle: The Nature of Virtue, from Nicomachean Ethics
Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan: Pt
I: chs
XIII-XV
Philip Quinn: God and Morality
Immanuel Kant: The Good Will: and The Categorical Imperative: from Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
John Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism, Chapters 1-2. John Rawls: Justice as Fairness, from A Theory of Justice
Applied Ethics
Peter Singer: Famine, Affluence and Morality
Onora O'Neill: Kantian Approaches to Some Famine Problems
James Rachels: Active and Passive Euthanasia
Tom Beaucamp: A Reply to Rachels on Active and Passive Euthanasia
Judith Jarvis Thomson: A Defense of Abortion
Don Marquis: An Argument that Abortion is Wrong
John Harris: The Survival Lottery
Tom Regan: The Case for Animal Rights
Plato: Crito
Glossary

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