Residential Construction Academy

by Herman, Stephen L.

• ISBN13: 9781401812942
• ISBN10: 1401812945
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-11-18
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Based on national standards set by the residential construction industry, the new Residential Construction Academy Series is the result of a partnership between Home Builders Institute and Delmar Learning. This series is the perfect way to guide learners to development of essential workplace skills. Electrical Principles focuses on the important topics that residential electricians need, presented logically so that learners can fully grasp the concepts they will need on the job. This book covers each of the work functions, key activities, and specialties addressed in the NAHB's Residential Electrician Skill Standards. Through the use of a lively writing style and frequent examples, Stephen Herman provides a blend of practical and theoretical material that is easy to follow. This book focuses on the theory needed by a residential wireman, including Ohm's Law, circuits, instruments, direct and alternative current theory, transformers, motors, important safety information, and more.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
SECTION 1 Basic Electricity	1	(144)
Safety	3	(16)
General Safety Rules	5	(1)
Effects of Electric Current on the Body	5	(3)
Protective Clothing	8	(1)
Ladders and Scaffolds	9	(2)
Fires	11	(1)
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters	12	(1)
Grounding	13	(1)
Summary	14	(1)
Review Questions	14	(5)
Basic Electrical Theory	19	(9)
Early History of Electricity	21	(1)
Atoms	21	(2)
The Law of Charges	23	(1)
Centrifugal Force	24	(1)
Election Orbits	24	(1)
Valence Electrons	25	(1)
Electron Flow	26	(1)
Insulators	26	(1)
Methods of Producing Electricity	26	(1)
Summary	27	(1)
Review Questions	27	(1)
Electrical Quantities and Ohm's Law	28	(13)
The Coulomb	30	(1)
The Amp	30	(1)
The Electron Theory	30	(1)
The Conventional Current Theory	30	(1)
Speed of Current	31	(1)
Basic Electrical Circuits	32	(1)
The Volt	33	(1)
The Ohm	33	(1)
The Watt	34	(1)
Other Measures of Power	35	(1)
Ohm's Law	36	(3)
Metric Units	39	(1)
Summary	39	(1)
Review Questions	40	(1)
Resistors	41	(13)
Uses of Resistors	43	(1)
Fixed Resistors	43	(2)
Color Code	45	(3)
Standard Resistance Values of Fixed Resistors	48	(1)
Power Ratings	49	(1)
Variable Resistors	50	(1)
Schematic Symbols	51	(1)
Summary	52	(2)
Series Circuits	54	(15)
Series Circuits	56	(1)
Voltage Drops in a Series Circuit	56	(1)
Resistance in a Series Circuit	57	(1)
Calculating Series Circuit Values	57	(1)
Solving Circuits	58	(6)
Voltage Dividers	64	(1)
The General Voltage Divider Formula	65	(1)
Voltage Polarity	65	(1)
Using Ground as a Reference	66	(1)
Summary	67	(1)
Review Questions	67	(2)
Parallel Circuits	69	(13)
Parallel Circuit Values	71	(1)
Parallel Resistance Formulas	72	(7)
Summary	79	(1)
Review Questions	80	(2)
Combination Circuits	82	(17)
Combination Circuits	84	(1)
Solving Combination Circuits	84	(1)
Simplifying the Circuit	84	(12)
Summary	96	(1)
Review Questions	96	(3)
Measuring Instruments	99	(17)
Analog Meters	101	(1)
The Voltmeter	101	(1)
Multirange Voltmeters	102	(1)
Reading a Meter	103	(2)
The Ammeter	105	(1)
Ammeter Shunts	105	(1)
AC Ammeters	106	(2)
Clamp-on Ammeters	108	(1)
DC-AC Clamp-on Ammeters	108	(2)
The Ohmmeter	110	(1)
Digital Meters	111	(2)
The Low-Impedance Voltage Tester	113	(1)
Summary	114	(1)
Review Questions	115	(1)
Using Wire Tables and Determining Conductor Sizes	116	(16)
Using the National Electric Code Charts	118	(1)
Factors That Determine Ampacity	118	(4)
Correction Factors	122	(1)
Computing Conductor Sizes and Resistance	123	(5)
Computing Voltage Drop	128	(1)
Parallel Conductors	128	(1)
Testing Wire Installations	129	(1)
Summary	130	(1)
Review Questions	131	(1)
Magnetic Induction	132	(13)
Magnetic Induction	134	(1)
Fleming's Left-Hand Generator Rule	135	(1)
Moving Magnetic Fields	135	(1)
Determining the Amount of Induced Voltage	135	(1)
Lenz's Law	136	(1)
Rise Time of Current in an Inductor	136	(1)
The Exponential Curve	137	(1)
Inductance	138	(1)
R-L Time Constants	139	(1)
Induced Voltage Spikes	140	(2)
Summary	142	(1)
Review Questions	143	(2)
SECTION 2 Alternating Current	145	(116)
Alternating Current	147	(12)
Advantages of Alternating Current	149	(1)
AC Wave Forms	149	(2)
Sine Wave Values	151	(4)
Resistive Loads	155	(1)
Power in an AC Circuit	155	(1)
Skin Effects in AC Circuits	155	(1)
Summary	156	(1)
Review Questions	157	(2)
Inductance in Alternating Current Schedules	159	(11)
Inductance	161	(1)
Inductive Reactance	162	(2)
Schematic Symbols	164	(1)
Inductors Connected in Series	164	(1)
Inductors Connected in Parallel	165	(1)
Voltage and Current Relationships in an Inductive Current	166	(1)
Power in an Inductive Circuit	166	(1)
Reactive Power	167	(1)
Q of an Inductor	167	(1)
Summary	168	(1)
Review Questions	169	(1)
Resistance-Inductive Series Circuits	170	(16)
RL Series Circuits	172	(1)
Impedance	172	(1)
Vectors	172	(4)
Total Current	176	(1)
Voltage Drop across the Resistor	176	(1)
Watts	176	(1)
Computing Inductance	177	(1)
Voltage Drop across the Inductor	177	(1)
Total Voltage	177	(1)
Computing the Reactive Power	178	(1)
Computing the Apparent Power	178	(1)
Power Factor	178	(1)
Angle Theta	179	(5)
Summary	184	(1)
Review Questions	184	(2)
Resistive-Inductive Parallel Circuits	186	(11)
Resistive-Inductive Parallel Circuits	188	(1)
Computing Circuit Values	188	(7)
Summary	195	(1)
Review Questions	195	(2)
Capacitors	197	(24)
Capacitors	199	(1)
Electrostatic Charge	200	(1)
Dielectric Constants	201	(1)
Capacitor Ratings	202	(1)
Capacitors Connected in Parallel	202	(1)
Capacitors Connected in a Series	203	(1)
Capacitive Charge and Discharge Rates	203	(1)
RC Time Constants	204	(1)
Applications for Capacitors	205	(1)
Nonpolarized Capacitors	205	(2)
Polarized Capacitors	207	(1)
Variable Capacitors	208	(1)
Testing Capacitors	208	(1)
Connecting the Capacitor into an AC Circuit	209	(1)
Capacitive Reactance	210	(1)
Voltage and Current Relationships in a Pure Capacitive Circuit	211	(1)
Power in a Pure Capacitive Circuit	212	(1)
Capacitor Voltage Rating	212	(1)
Effects of Frequency in a Capacitive Circuit	213	(5)
Summary	218	(1)
Review Questions	219	(2)
Single-Phase Transformers	221	(22)
Single-Phase Transformers	223	(1)
Isolation Transformers	223	(10)
Autotransformers	233	(2)
Transformer Polarities	235	(2)
Voltage and Current Relationships in a Transformer	237	(1)
Testing the Transformer	238	(1)
Transformer Ratings	239	(1)
Determining Maximum Current	239	(1)
Transformer Impedance	239	(1)
Summary	240	(1)
Review Questions	241	(2)
Single-Phase Motors	243	(18)
Split-Phase Motors	245	(1)
Resistance-Start Induction-Run Motors	246	(4)
Capacitor-Start Induction-Run Motors	250	(1)
Dual-Voltage Split-Phase Motors	251	(1)
Determining the Direction of Rotation for Split-Phase Motors	252	(1)
Capacitor-Start Capacitor-Run Motors	252	(2)
Shaded-Pole Induction Motors	254	(1)
Multispeed Motors	255	(1)
Single-Phase Synchronous Motors	256	(1)
Warren Motors	256	(1)
Universal Motors	257	(2)
Summary	259	(1)
Review Questions	260	(1)
Appendix A Trigonometric Functions-Natural Sines and Cosines	261	(2)
Appendix B Trigonometric Functions-Natural Tangents and Cotangents	263	(2)
Appendix C Alternating Current Formulas	265	(5)
Appendix D Greek Alphabet	270	(1)
Appendix E Scientific Notation	271	(2)
Appendix F Answers to Practice Problems	273	(4)
Glossary	277	(6)
Index	283