Reverse Osmosis : Design, Processes, and Applications for Engineers

by Kucera , Jane

• ISBN13: 9780470618431
• ISBN10: 0470618434
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-04-05
• Publisher: Wiley-Scrivener

Summary

This is the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the process of reverse osmosis in industrial applications, a technology that is becoming increasingly more important as more and more companies choose to "go green." This book covers all of the processes and equipment necessary to design, operate, and troubleshoot reverse osmosis systems, from the fundamental principles of reverse osmosis technology and membranes to the much more advanced engineering principles necessary for designing a reverse osmosis system. Earlier chapters cover the basic principles, the history of reverse osmosis, basic terms and definitions, and essential equipment. The book then goes into pretreatment processes and system design, then, finally, operations and troubleshooting. The author includes a section on the impact of other membrane technologies and even includes a "Frequently Asked Questions" chapter.

Author Biography

Jane Kucera has a degreee in chemical engineering from UCLA and is a chemical engineer with 25 years experieence in the area of membrane technology. Jane began her work with membranes in the Seawater Laboratory at UCLA where she received her Master of Chemical Engineering degree in 1984. She worked for 7 years with Bend Research, where she worked on water re-use systems for the International Space Station. Ms. Kucera's subsequent career path is a "who's who" of the world's most respected companies working in water treatment, including GE and Siemens. She joined the Nalco Company in 2003, where she is a senior engineer with a variety of responsibilities. She has approximately 40 publications to her credit, including journal articles, presentations, and book chapters.

Table of Contents

Fundamentals

Introduction and History of Development

Uses of Reverse Osmosis

History of Reverse Osmosis Development

Reverse Osmosis Principles

Osmosis

Reverse Osmosis

Dead-End Filtration

Cross-Flow Filtration

Basic Terms and Definitions

RO System Flow Rating

Recovery

Rejection

Flux

Concentration Polarization

Beta

Fouling

Scaling

Silt Density Index (SDI)

Langelier Saturation Index (LSI)

Membranes

Transport Models

Materials

Modules

Commercially-Available Membranes

Basic Flow Patterns

Arrays

Recycle

Double Pass

Multiple Trains

Reverse Osmosis Skid--with contributions by Mark Sadus

Cartridge Filters

Feed Pumps

Manifolding--Materials of Construction

Instrumentation

Controls

Data Acquisition and Management

Auxiliary Equipment

Pretreatment

Water Quality Guidelines

Techniques and Technologies

Mechanical Pretreatment

Chemical Pretreatment

Combination Mechanical Plus Chemical Treatments

Sequencing of Pretreatment Technologies

System Design

Design Considerations

Feed Water Quality

Temperature

Pressure

Feed Water Flow

Concentrate Flow

Beta

Recovery

pH

Flux

RO Design and Design Software

ROSA--Dow Water and Process Solutions

TorayDS--Toray Membrane USA

IMS Design--Hydranautics

ROPro--Koch

Operations

On-Line Operations

Performance Monitoring

Data Collection

Data Analysis and Normalization

Preventative Maintenance

Performance Degradation

Normalized Permeate Flow

Normalized Salt Rejection

Normalized Differential Pressure

Off-Line Operations

System Flush

Cleaning

Lay-Up

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting

Mechanical Evaluation

General Performance Issues

Performance Projections

Data Assessment

Water Sampling

Membrane Integrity Testing

Profiling and Probing

Membrane Autopsy

System Engineering

Issues Concerning System Engineering

Water Softening

Sizing and Capacity

Membrane Cleaning: On-Site versus Off-Site

Reject Disposal Options

Impact of Other Membrane Technologies

Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration

Nanofiltration

Continuous Electrodeionization

HERO™

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

General

Operational

Equipment

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