Review of Organic Functional Groups Introduction to Medicinal Organic Chemistry

by Lemke, Thomas L.

• ISBN13: 9780781743815
• ISBN10: 0781743818
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-09-29
• Publisher: LWW

Summary

Designed to be used as a self-paced review, this text outlines the functional groups common to organic chemistry, reviewing the general topics of nomenclature, physical and chemical properties, and metabolism. The text provides background material for the formal pharmacy courses in medicinal chemistry, easing the transition from general organic chemistry courses required of all pre-pharmacy students. The Fourth Edition will include a workbook on CD-ROM as well as an index on general drug metabolism. Students who use this text are able to complete difficult tasks such as: drawing a chemical structure or official chemical name; predicting solubility of chemicals in liquids; predicting and showing, with chemical structures, the metabolism of organic functional groups; predicting and showing instabilities, with chemical structures.

Table of Contents

Introduction	iii
1 Water Solubility and Chemical Bonding	1	(5)
Van der Waals Attraction (Forces)	1	(1)
Dipole-Dipole Bonding (Hydrogen Bond)	2	(1)
Ionic Attraction	3	(1)
Ion-Dipole Bonding	4	(2)
2 Alkanes (CnH2n+2)	6	(5)
3 Alkenes (CnH2 n)	11	(5)
Cycloalkanes: Alkene Isomers	14	(2)
4 Aromatic Hydrocarbons	16	(3)
5 Halogenated Hydrocarbons	19	(2)
6 Alcohols	21	(4)
7 Phenols	25	(5)
8 Ethers	30	(3)
9 Aldehydes and Ketones	33	(5)
10 Amines	38	(10)
Quaternary Ammonium Salts	46	(2)
11 Carboxylic Acids	48	(8)
12 Functional Derivatives of Carboxylic Acids	56	(10)
Esters	56	(3)
Amides	59	(3)
Carbonates, Carbamates, and Ureas	62	(2)
Amidines and Guanidines	64	(2)
13 Sulfonic Acids and Sulfonamides	66	(3)
Sulfonic Acids	66	(1)
Sulfonamides	66	(3)
14 Thioethers and Nitro Groups	69	(2)
Thioethers	69	(1)
Nitro Groups	70	(1)
15 Heterocycles	71	(35)
Three-Membered Ring Heterocycles	71	(3)
Four-Membered Ring Heterocycles	74	(1)
Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles	75	(5)
Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles With Two or More Heteroatoms	80	(7)
Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles	87	(1)
Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles With Two Heteroatoms	88	(6)
Saturated Six-Membered Heterocycles	94	(1)
Seven- And Eight-Membered Ring Heterocycles	94	(1)
Bicyclic Heterocycles: Five-Membered Ring Plus Six-Membered Ring	95	(5)
Bicyclic Heterocycles: Six-Membered Ring Plus Six-Membered Ring	100	(3)
Bicyclic Heterocycles: Six-Membered Ring Plus Seven-Membered Ring	103	(1)
Tricyclic Heterocycles	104	(2)
16 Oligonucleotides and Nucleic Acids	106	(6)
17 Proteins	112	(10)
18 Predicting Water Solubility	122	(7)
Empiric Method	122	(4)
Analytic Method	126	(3)
A Stereoisomerism-Asymmetric Molecules	129	(3)
B Acidity and Basicity	132	(9)
Definitions of Acids and Bases	132	(2)
Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases	134	(2)
Reaction of an Acid With a Base in Water	136	(2)
Acidic and Basic Organic Function Groups	138	(3)
C Drug Metabolism	141
Oxygenase Enzymes	141	(4)
Hydrolase Enzymes	145	(1)
Conjugation Reactions	145	(4)
Index	149