The Rise of the Standard Model: A History of Particle Physics from 1964 to 1979

by Edited by Lillian Hoddeson , Laurie Brown , Michael Riordan , Max Dresden

• ISBN13: 9780521570824
• ISBN10: 0521570824
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-11-13
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

Editors Laurie Brown, Max Dresden, Lillian Hoddeson and Michael Riordan have brought together a distinguished group of elementary particle physicists and historians of science to explore the recent history of particle physics. Based on a conference held at Stanford University, this is the third volume of a series recounting the history of particle physics and offers the most up-to-date account of the rise of the Standard Model, which explains the microstructure of the world in terms of quarks and leptons and their interactions. Major contributors include Steven Weinberg, Murray Gell-Mann, Michael Redhead, Silvan Schweber, Leon Lederman and John Heilbron. The wide-ranging articles explore the detailed scientific experiments, the institutional settings in which they took place, and the ways in which the many details of the puzzle fit together to account for the Standard Model.

Table of Contents

Contributors	ix	(4)
Editors' Acknowledgments	xiii	(3)
Photographs of the Symposium	xvi	(6)
Abbreviations and Acronyms	xxii	(4)
Mathematical Notation	xxvi
Part One: Introduction	3	(54)
1 The Rise of the Standard Model: 1964-1979	3	(33)
Laurie M. Brown
Michael Riordan
Max Dresden
Lillian Hoddeson
2 Changing Attitudes and the Standard Model	36	(9)
Steven Weinberg
3 Two Previous Standard Models	45	(12)
J. L. Heilbron
Part Two: Quarks and Leptons	57	(88)
4 From the Psi to Charmed Mesons: Three Years with the SLAC-LBL Detector at SPEAR	57	(22)
Gerson Goldhaber
5 The Discovery of the Tau Lepton	79	(22)
Martin Perl
6 The Discovery of the Upsilon, Bottom Quark, and B Mesons	101	(13)
Leon M. Lederman
7 The Discovery of CP Violation	114	(23)
James Cronin
8 Flavor Mixing and CP Violation	137	(8)
Makoto Kobayashi
Part Three: Toward Gauge Theories	145	(116)
9 The Path to Renormalizability	145	(34)
Martinus Veltman
10 Renormalization of Gauge Theories	179	(20)
Gerard 't Hooft
11 Asymptotic Freedom and the Emergence of QCD	199	(34)
David Gross
12 Quark Confinement	233	(10)
Leonard Susskind
13 A View from the Island	243	(7)
Alexander Polyakov
14 On the Early Days of the Renormalization Group	250	(11)
Dmitrij V. Shirkov
Part Four: Accelerators, Detectors, and Laboratories	261	(142)
15 The Rise of Colliding Beams	261	(24)
Burton Richter
16 The CERN Intersecting Storage Rings: The Leap into the Hadron Collider Era	285	(14)
Kjell Johnsen
17 Development of Large Detectors for Colliding-Beam Experiments	299	(9)
Roy Schwitters
18 Pure and Hybrid Detectors: Mark I and the Psi	308	(30)
Peter Galison
19 Building Fermilab: A User's Paradise	338	(26)
Robert R. Wilson
Adrienne Kolb
20 Panel Session: Science Policy and the Social Structure of Big Laboratories	364	(20)
Catherine Westfall
21 Some Sociological Consequences of High-Energy Physicists' Development of the Standard Model	384	(10)
Mark Bodnarczuk
22 Comments on Accelerators, Detectors, and Laboratories	394	(9)
John Krige
Part Five: Electroweak Unification	403	(122)
23 The First Gauge Theory of the Weak Interactions	403	(8)
Sidney Bludman
24 The Early History of High-Energy Neutrino Physics	411	(17)
Melvin Schwartz
25 Gargamelle and the Discovery of Neutral Currents	428	(19)
Donald Perkins
26 What a Fourth Quark Can Do	447	(12)
John Iliopoulos
27 Weak-Electromagnetic Interference in Polarized Electron-Deuteron Scattering	459	(19)
Charles Prescott
28 Panel Session: Spontaneous Breaking of Symmetry	478	(47)
Laurie M. Brown
Robert Brout
Tian Yu Cao
Peter Higgs
Yoichiro Nambu
Part Six: The Discovery of Quarks and Gluons	525	(100)
29 Early Baryon and Meson Spectroscopy Culminating in the Discovery of the Omega-Minus and Charmed Baryons	525	(17)
Nicholas Samios
30 Quark Models and Quark Phenomenology	542	(19)
Harry Lipkin
31 From the Nonrelativistic Quark Model to QCD and Back	561	(5)
Giacomo Morpurgo
32 Deep-Inelastic Scattering and the Discovery of Quarks	566	(23)
Jerome Friedman
33 Deep-Inelastic Scattering: From Current Algebra to Partons	589	(11)
James Bjorken
34 Hadron Jets and the Discovery of the Gluon	600	(25)
Sau Lan Wu
Part Seven: Personal Overviews	625	(60)
35 Quarks, Color, and QCD	625	(9)
Murray Gell-Mann
36 The Philosopher Problem	634	(3)
Paul Teller
37 Should We Believe in Quarks and QCD?	637	(8)
Michael Redhead
38 A Historical Perspective on the Rise of the Standard Model	645	(40)
Silvan Schweber
Index	685