River Confluences and the Fluvial Network brings together state of the art thinking on confluence dynamics tributary impacts and the links between processes at these scales and river network functions. The book is unique in focus, content, scope and in bringing together engineering, ecological and geomorphological approaches to the three key areas of river system science.Taking a global approach this multi-authored text features a team of carefully selected, internationally renowned, experts who have all contributed significantly to recent ground breaking advancements in the field. Each chapter includes a comprehensive review of work to date highlighting recent discoveries and the main thrust of knowledge, previously unpublished research and case studies, challenges and questions, detailed references as well as a forward looking assessment of the state of the science.

Stephen Rice and Andre Roy are the authors of River Confluences, Tributaries and the Fluvial Network, published by Wiley.

Preface	p. xi
List of contributors	p. xiii
Introduction: river confluences, tributaries and the fluvial network	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Key aims of the book	p. 4
Sections of the book	p. 4
References	p. 5
River Channel Confluences	p. 11
Introduction to Part I: river channel confluences	p. 13
Introduction	p. 13
Individual chapters	p. 15
Reference	p. 16
Modelling hydraulics and sediment transport at river confluences	p. 17
Introduction	p. 17
Hydraulics	p. 18
Bedload, suspended and solute transport	p. 29
Conclusion	p. 37
Acknowledgments	p. 38
References	p. 38
Sediment transport, bed morphology and the sedimentology of river channel confluences	p. 45
Context	p. 45
Bed morphology	p. 46
Sediment transport	p. 56
Sedimentology	p. 60
Conclusions	p. 66
Acknowledgements	p. 67
References	p. 68
Large river channel confluences	p. 73
Introduction	p. 73
Bed morphology	p. 75
Flow structure at large river channel confluences	p. 80
Flow mixing at large river confluences	p. 85
Conclusions	p. 87
Acknowledgements	p. 88
References	p. 88
Management of confluences	p. 93
Introduction	p. 93
Unruly confluences	p. 95
Management approaches	p. 103
Managing confluences for sediment transport	p. 104
Managing confluences for ice passage	p. 111
Summary	p. 116
References	p. 116
Unconfined confluences in braided rivers	p. 119
Introduction	p. 119
General characteristics and significance of confluences in braided channels	p. 121
Confluence scour depth	p. 125
Confluence kinetics and bar formation	p. 128
Confluence spacing and the length-scale of braided morphology	p. 130
Sediment transport and sediment budgets	p. 132
Sediment sorting and alluvial deposits	p. 135
Prospect	p. 139
Acknowledgements	p. 142
References	p. 143
Tributary-Main-Stem Interactions	p. 149
Introduction to Part II: tributary-main-stem interactions	p. 151
Introduction	p. 151
Individual chapters	p. 153
References	p. 155
Spatial identification of tributary impacts in river networks	p. 159
Introduction	p. 159
Data and measurement	p. 160
Analytical tools	p. 167
Future developments and challenges	p. 175
Acknowledgements	p. 176
References	p. 176
Effects of tributaries on main-channel geomorphology	p. 183
Introduction	p. 183
Conceptual considerations	p. 185
Empirical evidence	p. 187
Theoretical models: (1) Regime analysis of confluences	p. 191
Theoretical models: (2) Numerical experiments with adjustable grain-size distributions	p. 198
Discussion	p. 201
Acknowledgments	p. 206
References	p. 206
The ecological importance of tributaries and confluences	p. 209
Introduction	p. 209
Tributaries, confluences and river ecology	p. 210
Tributaries, ecosystem functions and river management	p. 215
Constraints on understanding and progress	p. 217
A case study	p. 218
Conclusion	p. 235
Acknowledgments	p. 237
References	p. 237
Tributaries and the management of main-stem geomorphology	p. 243
Introduction	p. 243
Conceptual framework for assessing the geomorphological impact of tributaries	p. 245
Managing the geomorphological impact of tributaries	p. 251
Conclusion	p. 266
Acknowledgments	p. 267
References	p. 267
Confluence environments at the scale of river networks	p. 271
Introduction	p. 271
River network structure and confluence environments	p. 272
Symmetry ratios and confluence environments	p. 273
Basin shape, network patterns and confluence environments	p. 280
Local network geometry	p. 284
Drainage and confluence density	p. 284
River network scaling properties of confluence environments	p. 285
The law of stream sizes and the spatial scale of morphological diversity related to confluences	p. 289
Longitudinal extent and size of confluence environments	p. 290
Stochastic watershed processes	p. 291
The role of hierarchical branching networks	p. 292
Discussion	p. 295
River networks, resource management and river restoration	p. 296
Acknowledgements	p. 297
References	p. 297
Channel Networks	p. 301
Introduction to Part III: channel networks	p. 303
Introduction	p. 303
Individual chapters	p. 304
References	p. 305
Hydrologic dispersion in fluvial networks	p. 307
Hydrologic dispersion effects on runoff response	p. 307
Runoff response as travel-time distributions: the GIUH	p. 309
Geomorphologic dispersion in stream networks	p. 314
Non-linear effects and the use of hydraulic geometry relations	p. 316
Kinematic dispersion in stream networks	p. 318
The effect of scale and rainfall intensity on the dispersive mechanisms	p. 320
Hillslope Dispersive effects	p. 324
Kinematic dispersion effects using the meta-channel approach	p. 329
Summary and future research directions	p. 331
Acknowledgments	p. 333
References	p. 333
Sediment delivery: new approaches to modelling an old problem	p. 337
Introduction	p. 337
The concept of sediment delivery	p. 340
Difficulties in measuring and estimating sediment yield and SDR	p. 341
Links between hydrology and sediment production and yield	p. 347
Physical inferences of sediment delivery based on a simple lumped model	p. 352
Practical large-scale application using a distributed model	p. 358
Conclusions	p. 361
Acknowledgements	p. 362
References	p. 362
Numerical predictions of the sensitivity of grain size and channel slope to an increase in precipitation	p. 367
Introduction	p. 367
Landscape-evolution models	p. 370
Example simulation of network evolution	p. 376
Discussion	p. 386
Conclusions	p. 388
Acknowledgements	p. 389
References	p. 389
Solute transport along stream and river networks	p. 395
Introduction	p. 395
Review of current knowledge	p. 396
Linking transport processes with the fluvial geomorphic template	p. 404
Forward-looking perspective	p. 410
Acknowledgements	p. 413
References	p. 413
Fluvial valley networks on Mars	p. 419
Introduction	p. 419
Early observations	p. 421
Distribution, age, origin and morphology of valley networks	p. 422
Morphometry	p. 432
Alluvial deposits	p. 436
Hydrology	p. 438
Summary	p. 442
Acknowledgements	p. 442
References	p. 442
Subject Index	p. 453
Place Index	p. 457
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