Samara Oblast Regional Export-Import and Business Directory : Complete Information on the Exporters and Importers Located in Each Region: Lists of Export-Import Products and Services, Government and Business Contacts for Successful Export-Import and Inves

by International Business Publications, USA

• ISBN13: 9780739744529
• ISBN10: 0739744526
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-05-01
• Publisher: Lightning Source Inc

Table of Contents

Strategic and Development Profiles	12	(30)
Strategic Profile	12	(13)
Country Overview	12	(1)
Economic Overview	12	(1)
Energy Overview	13	(1)
Environmental Overview	13	(1)
Geography	14	(2)
People	16	(1)
Government	17	(3)
Economy	20	(2)
Communications	22	(1)
Transportation	23	(1)
Military	24	(1)
Transnational Issues	25	(1)
Narcotics in Turkey	25	(5)
Status of Country	25	(1)
Country Actions Against Drugs	26	(2)
U.S. Policy Initiatives and Programs	28	(2)
Important Information for Understanding Turkey	30	(45)
Profile	30	(1)
Geography and Resources of Turkey	31	(2)
Turkish Demographics	33	(1)
Government and Legal System	33	(1)
Government and Legal System	34	(1)
Geographical Regions of Turkey	35	(1)
The Turkish Flag	36	(1)
The Climate	37	(1)
Average Temperatures by Region (in Celsius):	37	(1)
Who Are the Turks?	37	(5)
Modernization of Turkey	42	(8)
Turkish Toleration	45	(3)
Women in Contemporary Turkey	48	(2)
Turkey Today	50	(1)
Turkish Press	51	(11)
Directorate General of Press and Information	54	(1)
The Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT)	55	(3)
Turkish News Agencies	58	(4)
People	62	(1)
History	63	(1)
Government and Political Conditions	64	(4)
Principal Government Officials	68	(1)
Economy	68	(3)
Inflation, Wages, and Monetary Policy	69	(1)
Principal Growth Sectors	70	(1)
Foreign Relations	71	(2)
U.S.-Turkey Relations	72	(1)
Principal U.S. Officials	73	(1)
Travel and Business Information	73	(2)
Geography, Location and Climate	75	(9)
Geography	76	(3)
External Boundaries	77	(1)
Geology	78	(1)
Regions	79	(5)
Black Sea Region	79	(1)
Aegean Region	80	(1)
Mediterranean Region	80	(1)
Pontus and Taurus Mountains	81	(1)
Anatolian Plateau	81	(1)
Eastern Highlands	82	(1)
Arabian Platform	83	(1)
Climate	83	(1)
History	84	(49)
Phrygians and Lydians	86	(1)
Armenians and Kurds	87	(1)
Greeks	87	(1)
Rome and the Byzantine Empire	88	(1)
Turkish Origins	89	(3)
Great Seljuks	90	(1)
Sultanate of Rum	91	(1)
The Crusades	91	(1)
The Ottoman Empire	92	(10)
Ottoman Institutions	93	(1)
Selim I and Suleyman the Magnificent	94	(1)
Koprulu Era	95	(1)
External Threats and Internal Transformations	96	(3)
The Young Turks	99	(1)
World War I	100	(2)
Ataturk and the Turkish Nation	102	(13)
Plans for Partitioning Turkey	102	(1)
Nationalist Movement	103	(1)
War of Independence	104	(2)
Ataturk's Reforms	106	(1)
Foreign Policy	107	(1)
Chronology of Major Kemalist Reforms	108	(1)
Turkey after Ataturk	109	(1)
World War II	109	(1)
Multiparty Politics, 1946-60	110	(1)
The Armed Forces Coup and Interim Rule, 1960-61	111	(1)
Politics and Foreign Relations in the 1960s	112	(3)
Crisis in Turkish Democracy	115	(9)
Politics and Elections in the 1970s	116	(3)
Conflict and Diplomacy: Cyprus and Beyond	119	(3)
The Economy: An Unresolved Issue	122	(1)
Challenges to Public Order	123	(1)
Military Intervention and the Return to Civilian Rule	124	(9)
Military Interlude	124	(2)
Politics and the Return to Civilian Rule	126	(4)
Economic Stabilization and Prospects for the 1990s	130	(3)
Population and Society	133	(45)
Population Density, Distribution, and Settlement	133	(1)
Migration	134	(2)
Government Population Policies	136	(1)
Language Reform: From Ottoman to Turkish	137	(10)
Linguistic and Ethnic Groups	140	(1)
Turks	141	(1)
Kurds	142	(2)
Arabs	144	(1)
Peoples from the Caucasus	145	(1)
Donme	145	(1)
Greeks	145	(1)
Armenians	146	(1)
Jews	146	(1)
Religious Life	147	(13)
Islam	147	(1)
Tenets of Islam	148	(2)
Early Development	150	(1)
Development of Islam in Turkey	151	(1)
Sufism and Folk Islam	152	(1)
The Alevi	153	(1)
Secularist Policies	154	(1)
Retreat from Secularism	155	(3)
Non-Muslim Minorities	158	(2)
Structure of Society	160	(7)
The Changing National Elite	160	(1)
Urban Life	161	(2)
Towns	163	(1)
Village Life	164	(1)
Anatolian Villages	165	(1)
Coastal Villages	166	(1)
Villages in the South and East	167	(1)
Family and Gender Relations	167	(11)
Marriage	168	(1)
The Extended Family	169	(2)
Gender Relations	171	(1)
The Status of Women	171	(1)
Education	172	(3)
Health and Welfare	175	(3)
Culture and Traditions	178	(9)
Folk Culture	178	(7)
Village Shows	178	(1)
Karagoz	179	(2)
Ortaoyunu (Middle play)	181	(1)
Handicrafts	181	(3)
Folk Instruments	184	(1)
Culinary Culture	185	(2)
Political and Government System	187	(55)
Political & Electoral System	187	(7)
The Constitutional System	190	(1)
Provisions of the 1982 Constitution	190	(3)
Electoral System	193	(1)
Government Structure	194	(9)
National Assembly	194	(2)
President, Council of Ministers, and Prime Minister	196	(2)
Judiciary	198	(2)
Provincial and Local Government	200	(2)
Civil Service	202	(1)
Turkish Politics & Policy	203	(4)
Nature of the Relationship with the United States	204	(1)
Major Political Issues Affecting the Business Climate	205	(1)
Political System	206	(1)
Overview of Main Political Parties	206	(1)
Legislative Branch	207	(3)
Turkish Grand National Assembly (TGNA)	207	(1)
Organization & Structure of The Turkish Grand National Assembly	208	(1)
TGNA Speakers	209	(1)
Cabinet	210	(3)
Responsibilities	213	(11)
The President	217	(2)
The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers	219	(1)
The Council of Ministers	219	(1)
The Government Program and Vote of Confidence	220	(1)
The 57th Government/Members of the Cabinet	221	(1)
Program of the 57th Government:	222	(2)
Judiciary Branch	224	(2)
Practicing Lawyers and Organizations of the Bar	225	(1)
A. Bar Associations	225	(1)
B. Requirements for the Practice of Law	225	(1)
Modern Political Developments	226	(16)
Political Parties	226	(2)
True Path Party	228	(1)
Social Democratic Populist Party	229	(1)
Motherland Party	230	(1)
Welfare Party	231	(1)
Democratic Left Party	232	(1)
Other Parties	233	(1)
Political Interest Groups	233	(1)
Military	234	(1)
Universities	235	(1)
Labor	236	(1)
Business	237	(1)
Religious Interests	238	(2)
Minorities	240	(2)
Foreign Policy and National Security	242	(64)
Turkish Foreign Policy	243	(1)
General Principles	243	(1)
Initial Years of the Republic and the Post Cold War Era	243	(20)
The Post-Cold War Era	244	(1)
Dissolution of the Soviet Union	245	(3)
The Middle East	248	(4)
European Union	252	(3)
The United States	255	(2)
The Balkans	257	(1)
Southern Caucasus	258	(1)
Central Asia	258	(1)
Energy Resources	259	(1)
Russian Federation	259	(1)
The Middle East	259	(1)
The United States	260	(1)
The European Union	260	(1)
Cyprus	261	(1)
Greece	261	(1)
Terrorism	261	(1)
New Horizons of Turkish Foreign Policy	262	(1)
Turkey's Medium and Long-Term Strategic Objectives	263	(6)
Developments in the World and the Process of Globalisation	263	(1)
Turkey-World Interactions Within the Process of Globalisation	264	(2)
Turkey's Medium and Long-Term Strategic Objectives: TR 2007/15 - TR 2017/9	266	(1)
Sub-Systems Affecting the System	267	(1)
Governance, Decision Making and Implementation Processes	267	(2)
National Security: External Issues	269	(22)
Security Concerns	270	(1)
Middle Eastern Conflicts	271	(2)
Syria	273	(1)
Iran	273	(1)
The Balkans	274	(1)
Greece and Cyprus	275	(1)
Turkey's Participation in NATO	276	(1)
National Security: Internal Issues	277	(1)
Kurdish Separatists	278	(2)
Terrorism of the Left	280	(1)
Armenian Terrorism	281	(1)
Islamists	282	(1)
Armed Forces	283	(1)
The Armed Forces and Society	284	(2)
Politics and the Military	286	(2)
Military Cooperation with the United States	288	(2)
Intelligence Services	290	(1)
Police System	291	(12)
National Police	291	(2)
Gendarmerie	293	(2)
Crime and Punishment	295	(1)
Procedures in Criminal Law	296	(1)
Individual Rights	297	(2)
Penal System	299	(1)
Incidence of Crime	300	(1)
Narcotics Trafficking	301	(2)
Mass Media	303	(3)
Newspapers and Periodicals	303	(1)
Radio and Television	304	(2)
Democracy and Human Rights	306	(66)
Respect for Human Rights	312	(23)
Respect for the Integrity of the Person	312	(1)
Political and Other Extrajudicial Killing	312	(4)
Disappearance	316	(1)
Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment	317	(9)
Arbitrary Arrest, Detention, or Exile	326	(2)
Denial of Fair Public Trial	328	(3)
Arbitrary Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence	331	(4)
Respect for Civil Liberties	335	(16)
Freedom of Speech and Press	336	(6)
Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association	342	(2)
Freedom of Religion	344	(5)
Freedom of Movement Within the Country, Foreign Travel, Emigration, and Repatriation	349	(2)
Respect for Political Rights: The Right of Citizens to Change Their Government	351	(7)
Governmental Attitude Regarding International and Nongovernmental Investigation of Alleged Violations of Human Rights	354	(4)
Discrimination Based on Race, Sex, Religion, Disability, Language, or Social Status	358	(5)
Women	358	(2)
Children	360	(1)
People with Disabilities	361	(1)
Religious Minorities	361	(1)
National/Racial/Ethnic minorities	362	(1)
Worker Rights	363	(9)
The Right of Association	364	(2)
The Right to Organize and Bargain Collectively	366	(1)
Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor	367	(1)
Status of Child Labor Practices and Minimum Age for Employment	367	(2)
Acceptable Conditions of work	369	(1)
Trafficking in Persons	370	(2)
Economy and Economic Development	372	(55)
Growth and Structure of the Economy	372	(5)
Economic Development	372	(1)
Reforms under Ozal	373	(2)
Economic Performance in the 1990s	375	(2)
Structure of the Economy	377	(43)
Agriculture	377	(2)
Agricultural Policy	379	(2)
Irrigation	381	(1)
Land Use	382	(1)
Land Tenure	383	(2)
Cropping Patterns and Production	385	(3)
Livestock	388	(1)
Forestry and Fisheries	389	(1)
Industry & Mineral Resources	390	(2)
Industrial Policy	392	(1)
Energy	392	(5)
Mineral Resources	397	(1)
Manufacturing	398	(2)
Construction	400	(1)
Services	401	(1)
Banking and Finance	401	(3)
Transportation and Telecommunications	404	(2)
Tourism	406	(2)
Foreign Economic Relations	408	(1)
Foreign Trade	408	(2)
Balance of Payments	410	(2)
Regional Economic Integration	412	(2)
Human Resources and Trade Unions	414	(6)
Role of Government in the Economy	420	(7)
Liberal Interlude	420	(1)
Etatism	421	(1)
State Economic Enterprises and Privatization	421	(3)
Development Planning	424	(1)
Budget	425	(2)
Supplements	427	(35)
Government and Business Contacts	427	(2)
U.S. Mission Trade-related Personnel	427	(1)
Washington-Based U.S. Government Country Contacts	428	(1)
U.S.-Based Multipliers	429	(1)
Turkish Government Contacts:	429	(19)
Agriculture and Rural Affairs	429	(1)
Communications	430	(1)
Defense	431	(1)
Education	432	(1)
Energy and Natural Resources	432	(1)
Environment	433	(1)
Health	434	(1)
Mining	434	(1)
Public Works and Housing	435	(1)
Trade and Economy	436	(2)
Transportation	438	(1)
Travel and Tourism	439	(1)
Turkish Business/Trade Associations	439	(2)
Agriculture	441	(1)
Advertising	441	(1)
Automotive	442	(1)
Contracting and Construction	442	(1)
Defense Industry	443	(1)
Electronics	443	(1)
Environment and Pollution Control	443	(1)
Information Technology	443	(1)
Insurance	444	(1)
Medical and Health Care	444	(1)
Mining and Minerals	444	(1)
Packaging and Packing	444	(1)
Paper and Pulp	445	(1)
Textiles	445	(1)
Travel and Tourism	445	(1)
Chambers of Commerce in the Three Largest Cities in Turkey	446	(1)
Market Research Firms	447	(1)
Major Commercial Banks	447	(1)
Turkish Embassies Abroad	448	(7)
Turkish Dishes	455	(7)
Sardines In Vine Leaves	455	(1)
Baked Bluefish	456	(1)
Anchovy Bird	457	(2)
Fried Turbot	459	(1)
Stuffed Mackarel	460	(2)
Glossary	462