The Search for Modern China

by Spence, Jonathan D.

• ISBN13: 9780393973518
• ISBN10: 0393973514
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-01-17
• Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Summary

Look no further for a comprehensive narrative of Chinese history from the fall of the Ming dynasty to the present. Beautifully written by a leading scholar in the field, the new edition of The Search for Modern China brings to life the characters and events of China's turbulent modern history. The narrative is detailed balanced, integrating political and cultural history with social and economic developments. Spence has streamlined and thoroughly updated the text in light of new scholarship and the major new steps China has taken in the last ten years. The Search for Modern China, Second Edition, features a visually striking art program that includes more than 150 illustrations-many by world-famous photographers-50 maps, and many helpful tables.

Table of Contents

MAPS	xv	(2)
TABLES	xvii	(2)
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION	xix	(4)
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION	xxiii	(4)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FOR THE SECOND EDITION	xxvii	(2)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FOR THE FIRST EDITION	xxix	(2)
THE USE OF PINYIN	xxxi
I CONQUEST AND CONSOLIDATION	1	(138)
1 The Late Ming	7	(19)
THE GLORY OF THE MING	7	(5)
TOWN AND FARM	12	(4)
CORRUPTION AND HARDSHIP	16	(5)
THE MING COLLAPSE	21	(5)
2 The Manchu Conquest	26	(23)
THE RISE OF THE QING	26	(6)
CONQUERING THE MING	32	(6)
ADAPTING TO CHINA	38	(6)
CLASS AND RESISTANCE	44	(5)
3 Kangxi's Consolidation	49	(25)
THE WAR OF THE THREE FEUDATORIES, 1673-1681	49	(4)
TAIWAN AND MARITIME CHINA	53	(5)
WOOING THE INTELLECTUALS	58	(6)
DEFINING THE BORDERS	64	(5)
A MIXED LEGACY	69	(5)
4 Yongzheng's Authority	74	(22)
ECONOMIC STRUCTURES	74	(7)
THE QUESTION OF TAXES	81	(4)
THE CENTER AND CHANNELS OF POWER	85	(5)
MORAL AUTHORITY	90	(6)
5 Chinese Society and the Reign of Qianlong	96	(21)
"LIKE THE SUN AT MIDDAY"	96	(5)
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY CONFUCIANISM	101	(5)
THE DREAM OF THE RED CHAMBER	106	(4)
QIANLONG'S LATER YEARS	110	(7)
6 China and the Eighteenth-Century World	117	(22)
MANAGING THE FOREIGNERS	117	(6)
ALIENS AND CHINESE LAW	123	(5)
OPIUM	128	(4)
WESTERN IMAGES OF CHINA	132	(7)
II FRAGMENTATION AND REFORM	139	(126)
7 The First Clash with the West	145	(22)
THE RESPONSE OF CHINA'S SCHOLARS	145	(4)
CHINA'S POLITICAL RESPONSE	149	(5)
BRITAIN'S MILITARY RESPONSE	154	(6)
THE NEW TREATY SYSTEM	160	(7)
8 The Crisis Within	167	(25)
SOCIAL DISLOCATION NORTH AND SOUTH	167	(4)
THE TAIPING	171	(9)
FOREIGN PRESSURES	180	(3)
THE NIAN REBELLION	183	(4)
MUSLIM REVOLTS	187	(5)
9 Restoration through Reform	192	(23)
CONFUCIAN REFORM	192	(5)
DEFINING FOREIGN POLICY	197	(5)
THE MISSIONARY PRESENCE	202	(6)
OVERSEAS CHINESE	208	(7)
10 New Tensions in the Late Qing	215	(28)
SELF-STRENGTHENING AND THE JAPANESE WAR	215	(8)
THE REFORM MOVEMENT OF 1898	223	(6)
THREE SIDES OF NATIONALISM	229	(7)
EMERGING FORCES	236	(7)
11 The End of the Dynasty	243	(22)
THE QING CONSTITUTION	243	(4)
NEW RAILWAYS, NEW ARMY	247	(6)
NATIONALISTS AND SOCIALISTS	253	(5)
QING FALL	258	(7)
III ENVISIONING STATE AND SOCIETY	265	(146)
12 The New Republic	271	(19)
EXPERIMENT IN DEMOCRACY	271	(6)
THE RULE OF YUAN SHIKAI	277	(6)
MILITARISTS IN CHINA AND CHINESE IN FRANCE	283	(7)
13 "A Road Is Made"	290	(24)
THE WARNING VOICE OF SOCIAL DARWINISM	290	(5)
MARXIST STIRRINGS	295	(4)
THE FACETS OF MAY FOURTH	299	(9)
THE COMINTERN AND THE BIRTH OF THE CCP	308	(6)
14 The Fractured Alliance	314	(28)
THE INITIAL AGREEMENT	314	(9)
LAUNCHING THE NORTHERN EXPEDITION	323	(7)
SHANGHAI SPRING	330	(6)
WUHAN SUMMER, CANTON WINTER	336	(6)
15 The Guomindang in Power	342	(33)
GUOMINDANG GOVERNMENT	342	(10)
CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY	352	(7)
CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES	359	(7)
CHINA AND JAPAN	366	(9)
16 Communist Survival	375	(36)
THE CHINESE POOR	375	(10)
MAO ZEDONG AND THE RURAL SOVIETS	385	(12)
THE LONG MARCH	397	(6)
CRISIS AT XI'AN	403	(8)
IV WAR AND REVOLUTION	411	(176)
17 World War II	419	(40)
THE LOSS OF EAST CHINA	419	(10)
CHINA DIVIDED	425	(6)
CHONGQING AND YAN'AN, 1938-1941	431	(10)
CHONGQING AND YAN'AN IN THE WIDENING WAR	441	(8)
WAR'S END	449	(10)
18 The Fall of the Guomindang State	459	(30)
THE JAPANESE SURRENDER AND THE MARSHALL MISSION	459	(7)
LAND REFORM AND THE MANCHURIAN BASE	466	(7)
THE LOSING BATTLE WITH INFLATION	473	(7)
DEFEAT OF THE GUOMINDANG ARMIES	480	(9)
19 The Birth of the People's Republic	489	(25)
COUNTRYSIDE AND TOWN, 1949-1950	489	(5)
THE STRUCTURE OF THE NEW GOVERNMENT	494	(4)
THE KOREAN WAR	498	(9)
MASS PARTY, MASS CAMPAIGNS	507	(7)
20 Planning the New Society	514	(30)
THE FIRST FIVE-YEAR PLAN	514	(9)
FOREIGN POLICY AND THE NATIONAL MINORITIES	523	(7)
ARMY REFORM	530	(6)
THE HUNDRED FLOWERS	536	(8)
21 Deepening the Revolution	544	(21)
THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD	544	(9)
THE SINO-SOVIET RIFT	553	(6)
POLITICAL INVESTIGATION AND "SOCIALIST EDUCATION"	559	(6)
22 Cultural Revolution	565	(22)
THE CULT OF MAO AND THE CRITICS	565	(6)
LAUNCHING THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION	571	(7)
PARTY RETRENCHMENT AND THE DEATH OF LIN BIAO	578	(9)
V RE-ENTERING THE WORLD	587
23 Reopening the Doors	595	(23)
THE UNITED STATES AND THE NIXON VISIT	595	(5)
ATTACKING CONFUCIUS AND LIN BIAO	600	(5)
DEFINING THE ECONOMY, 1974-1975	605	(5)
1976: THE OLD GUARD DIES	610	(8)
24 Redefining Revolution	618	(29)
THE FOUR MODERNIZATIONS	618	(6)
THE FIFTH MODERNIZATION	624	(7)
TAIWAN AND THE SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES	631	(9)
"TRUTH FROM FACTS"	640	(7)
25 Levels of Power	647	(30)
ONE BILLION PEOPLE	647	(8)
GOVERNING CHINA IN THE 1980s	655	(6)
THE PROBLEMS OF PROSPERITY, 1983-1984	661	(8)
REBUILDING THE LAW	669	(8)
26 Testing the Limits	677	(28)
DEMOCRACY'S CHORUS	677	(9)
BROADENING THE BASE	686	(6)
SOCIAL STRAINS	692	(4)
THE BREAKING POINT	696	(9)
27 Century's End	705
RETURNING TO GROWTH	705	(4)
ZONES AND GAMES	709	(5)
LITTLE DRAGONS	714	(3)
INTO THE SEA	717	(4)
DENG'S PASSING	721
APPENDIXES	A1	(2)
NOTES AND PERMISSIONS	A3	(20)
FURTHER READINGS	A23	(24)
GLOSSARY	A47	(24)
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS	A71	(4)
A NOTE ON THE CALLIGRAPHY	A75	(2)
INDEX	A77	(55)
MAP: CHINA DURING THE LATE MING	A132	(2)
MAP: CONTEMPORARY CHINA	A134
Illustrations appear following pages 38, 132, 228, 372, 484, 662, 718