Cardiology Clinical Questions

A complete point-of-care Q&A guide to clinical cardiology Cardiac Clinical Questionsanswers more than one-hundred of the clinical cardiology questions most frequently asked of the authors during consultation. The book simulates the consultation process: consult question data collection synthesis of data solution. After clarifying the key concept, the critical data obtained includes the history, physical exam, EKG, imaging, and lab(s). A point-of-care solution is derived by inserting this data into simple logical equations. In addition, contraindications, discussions using evidence-based medicine, and references are included. Cardiac Clinical Questionsis Divided Into Nine Sections: Diagnostic Testing ACS Valvular Diseases Cardiac Diseases Examination Arrhythmias Congenital Heart Diseases Heart Failure and Hypertension Medications Cardiac Clinical Questionsis the single-best resource for quickly translating the most current knowledge into practical, diagnostic real-time solutions.

Preface
Faculty Advisors
Acknowledgments
SECTION I. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
Does My Patient Need an Electrophysiological Study?
When Do I Need to Order a Stress Test?
What are the Indications/Criteria for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging?
Should I Refer My Patient for Coronary Angiography?
When Should I Order an Echocardiogram on My Patient, and Which Type Should I Order?
Does My Patient Need Cardiac Pacing?
Does My Patient Need an Implantable-Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD)?
Does My Patient Need Further Evaluation with Cardiac Computed Tomography?
SECTiON II. ACS
How Do I Use a TIMI Risk Score in the Patient with Unstable Angina/Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (UA/NSTEMI)?
What is My Initial Management of an Unstable Angina (UA)/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) Patient?
What is My Initial Management for an Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)?
What Initial Reperfusion Strategy Should I Begin in My Patient With an Acute STEMI?
How do You Manage a Patient Post-MI and Treat the Complications of MI?
How Do I Manage Variant Angina?
Should I Refer My Patient for PCI or CABG?
How Do I Determine the Site of STEMI Infarct/Injury on EKG?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Right/Inferior Myocardial Infarction?
How to Manage a Patient with Elevated Troponins?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Chronic Stable Angina?
Should Our Patient Get an Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Placed?
How Do I Manage a Patient Presenting with Cocaine-Induced Chest Pain?
SECTION III. VALVULAR DISEASE
Does My Patient with Aortic Stenosis Need Surgery?
Does My Patient with Aortic Regurgitation Need Surgery?
Does My Patient with Mitral Stenosis Need Surgery?
Does My Patient with Mitral Regurgitation Need Surgery?
How Do I Manage My Pregnant Patient with Mitral Stenosis?
Does My Patient with Tricuspid Regurgitation Need Surgery?
Does My Patient Have Endocarditis?
Does My Patient Need Endocarditis Prophylaxis?
Should I Refer My Paitient with Native Valve Endocarditis for Surgery?
How Do I Medically Treat Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis?
How Do I Medically Treat Endocarditis?
How to Manage an Infected Pacemaker?
SECTION IV. CARDIAC DISEASES
Does My Patient Have Amyloid Cardiomyopathy?
How Do I Manage My Patient with Atypical Angina (Cardiac Syndrome X)
How Do I Manage Acute Pericarditis?
How Do I Manage Cardiac Tamponade?
What Should I Do If I Suspect Aortic Dissection?
How Do I Manage a Patient with a Left Ventricular Thrombus?
Does My Pregnant Patient Have Peripartum Cardiomyopathy?
How Do I Diagnose a Patient with Deep Venous Thrombosis?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Deep Venous Thrombosis?
How Do I Diagnose Pulmonary Embolism in My Patient?
How Do I Treat My Patient with Acute Pulmonary Embolism?
Does My Patient Have Pheochromocytoma?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Pheochromocytoma?
How do I Manage a Patient with Myocarditis?
SECTION V: EXAMINATIONS
What are the Abnormal Pulses in My Patient and What Cardiac Conditions are They Associated With?
What is the Likely Heart Murmur I Hear?
Does My Patient Need Preoperative Cardiac Testing for Noncardiac Surgery?
How Do I Interpret My Patient's Swanz-Ganz Catheterization?
Does My Patient Need Screening for an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?
SECTION VI: ARRHYTHMIAS
How Do I Manage the Rate and Rhythm in My Patient with Atrial Fibrillation?
Should I Start Coumadin in My Patient with Atrial Fibrillation?
How Do I Manage a Patient Presenting in Acute Atrial Flutter?
How Do I Manage My Patient with Brugada Syndrome?
How Do I Manage 3rd Degree Atrioventricular Block?
How Do I Manage My Patient with 2nd Degree Type I (Wenckebach) Atrioventricular Block?
How Do I Manage My Patient with 2nd Degree Type II Antrioventricular Block?
Is It OK for my Patient to Consume an Energy Beverage?
Does this ECG Show Changes of Hyperkalemia?
Does this ECG Show Changes of Hypokalemia?
Does this ECG Show Changes in Hypercalcemia?
Does this ECG Show Changes in Hypocalcemia?
Does this ECG Show Right Bundle Branch Block?
Does this ECG Show Left Bundle Branch Block?
Does this ECG Show Left Ventricular Hypertrophy?
Does this ECG Show Second Degree Type I Atrioventricular Block?
Does this ECG Show Second Degree Type II Atrioventricular Block (Mobitz II)?
Does this ECG Show Third Degree Atrioventricular Block?
What Should I Do if My Patient Has Premature Ventricular Contractions?
How Do I Manage a Patient Who Presents wiht WPW?
How Do I Acutely Manage a Patient with Torsade de Pointes (TdP)?
Does this ECG Show Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome?
Does this ECG Show Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia?
Does this ECG Show Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia?
Does this ECG Show a Prolonged QT Interval?
Does this ECG Show Tricyclic Antidepressant Toxicity?
In this Young Health Patient, Is this an Abnormal EKG or Normal Variant, and What Should I Do Next?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Right Bundle Branch Block?
SECTION VII. CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES
Does a Patient with an Atrial Septal Defect Require Closure?
How Do I Manage My Patient wiht a Patent Foramen Ovale?
Should I Refer My Patient with an Isolated Ventricular Septal Defect for Closure?
SECTION VIII. HEART FAILURE AND HYPERTENSION
How Do I Manage Systolic Heart Failure?
How do I Manage a Patient Presenting with Acute Dystolic Heart Failure?
What is My Congestive Heart Failure Patient's New York Heart Association Class?
How Do I Initially Manage Hypertensive Emergency?
How Do I Manage My Patient's Elevated LDL Level?
How Do I Manage My Patient's Low HDL Level?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Cardiogenic Shock Complicating a Myocardial Infarction?
Does My Patient Have Metabolic Syndrome?
How Do I Manage My Patient with Metabolic Syndrome?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Labile Blood Pressure?
How Should I Initially Work Up My Patient with Syncope?
SECTION IX: MEDICATIONS
When Should I Evaluate Cardiac Function in My Patient about to Receive or Currently Receiving Doxorubicin?
What is the Difference between All the Beta Blockers?
Management of Anticoagulation in Patients on Warfarin Going for Surgery?
What Are the Surgical Perioperative Management Indications with Aspirin?
How Do I Manage an Elevated INR in a Patient on Warfarin?
How Much Protamine Sulfate Do I Need to Give to Reverse Heparin Anticoagulation?
How Do I Treat Beta-Blocker Overdose?
How Do I Manage Digoxin Toxicity?
Will This Medication Prolong the QT-c Interval and How High is the Risk?
How Do I Manage a Patient with Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia?
What Are the Side Effects and Complications of Certain Cardiovascular Medications?
Which Inotropes and Vasopressors Do I Use for My Patient in Shock?
Which IV Antihypertensive Do I Use?
How Do I Convert these Cardiac Medications from IV to PO?
Which Cardiac Medications Can be Used During Pregnancy and Lactation?
What Should I Do for Patients Scheduled to Receive Contrast Who Have a Contrast or Dye Allergy?
If There is an Interacting Medication, What Dose Should I Start Amiodarone at in this Patient?
Which Diuretic Should I Use if My Patient Has a Sulfa Allergy?
Index