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9780130489890

Design of Machine Elements

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780130489890

  • ISBN10:

    0130489891

  • Edition: 8th
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2003-10-14
  • Publisher: Pearson

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Summary

Now considered a classic in its field, this book provides a comprehensive survey of machine elements and analytical design methods.This book covers the tools and techniques necessary to facilitate design calculations for the most frequently encountered mechanical elements.For professionals in the field of Machine Design who need a comprehensive reference on the subject.

Table of Contents

PREFACE xv
INTRODUCTION 1(14)
I-1 Problem Solving and Design
1(2)
I-2 The Design Process
3(2)
I-3 Stages of Design
5(2)
I-4 Finding and Using Information in Machine Design
7(2)
I-5 Recognized Standards for Design
9(2)
I-6 Computational Tools for Machine Design
11(3)
I-7 Conclusions
14(1)
References
14(1)
CHAPTER 1 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES 15(104)
1-1 Statical Equilibrium
17(1)
1-2 Engineering Materials
17(1)
1-3 Tension and Compression Stress
18(2)
1-4 Tension and Compression in SI Units
20(2)
1-5 Force and Mass
22(1)
1-6 Statically Indeterminate Problems in Tension and Compression
23(2)
1-7 Center of Gravity
25(2)
1-8 Bending of Beams
27(3)
1-9 Moment of Inertia
30(3)
1-10 Transfer Axis for Moment of Inertia
33(2)
1-11 Principle of Superposition
35(3)
1-12 Additional Beam Equations
38(1)
1-13 Deflection of Beams
39(7)
1-14 Effect of Ribs on Castings
46(2)
1-15 Shearing Stress
48(1)
1-16 Transverse Shearing Stress in Beams
49(6)
1-17 Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams
55(3)
1-18 Slender Compression Members or Columns
58(4)
1-19 Stresses in Any Given Direction
62(2)
1-20 The Mohr Circle
64(4)
1-21 Stress Manipulation in Three Dimensions
68(8)
1-22 Stresses and Deformations in Two Directions
76(1)
1-23 Deflection of A Beam from Shearing Stress
77(2)
1-24 Principle of St. Venant
79(1)
References
80(1)
Problems
80(39)
CHAPTER 2 WORKING STRESSES AND FAILURE THEORIES 119(66)
2-1 Failure and Phenomenological Failure Theories
120(3)
2-2 Stress-Strain Diagrams
123(3)
2-3 Phenomenological Failure Theories Based on Stress
126(11)
2-4 Stress Concentration Caused by Sudden Change in Form
137(14)
2-5 Design for Cyclic Loading
151(17)
2-6 Conclusion
168(1)
References
169(1)
Problems
170(15)
CHAPTER 3 DESIGN OF SHAFTS 185(76)
3-1 Torsion of Circular Shaft
187(7)
3-2 Power Transmitted
194(3)
3-3 Maximum Static Shearing Stress
197(1)
3-4 Design of Shafts for Fluctuating Loads
198(6)
3-5 Keys
204(4)
3-6 Stress Concentration
208(2)
3-7 Couplings
210(3)
3-8 Bending Loads in Two Planes
213(1)
3-9 Shaft on Three Supports
213(4)
3-10 Crankshafts
217(3)
3-11 Critical Speed of a Rotating Shaft
220(1)
3-12 Deflection of Shaft of Nonuniform Diameter
221(3)
3-13 Slope of Shaft by Elastic Energy
224(1)
3-14 Torsion of Noncircular Shafts
225(1)
3-15 Torsion of a Wide Rectangular Bar
226(2)
3-16 Torsion of Rectangular Bars-General Case
228(2)
3-17 Composite Sections
230(3)
3-18 Thin-Walled Tube
233(2)
3-19 Materials Used for Shafting
235(1)
References
236(1)
Problems
237(24)
CHAPTER 4 SPRINGS 261(55)
4-1 Helical Springs
263(5)
4-2 Properties of Spring Materials
268(2)
4-3 Hot-Formed Springs
270(1)
4-4 Helical Spring of Minimum Volume of Material-Static Load
271(4)
4-5 Optimum Design of Helical Spring
275(5)
4-6 Fatigue of Springs
280(1)
4-7 Design for Fluctuating Loads
281(3)
4-8 Buckling of Compression Springs
284(1)
4-9 Vibration or Surging of Helical Springs
284(1)
4-10 Commercial Tolerances
285(2)
4-11 Effect of End Turns for Compression Springs
287(1)
4-12 Helical Extension Springs
288(1)
4-13 Helical Springs of Rectangular Wire
289(2)
4-14 Helical Springs with Torsional Loading
291(3)
4-15 Leaf Springs
294(4)
4-16 Energy Storage by Springs
298(1)
4-17 Belleville Spring
299(2)
4-18 Rubber Springs
301(7)
References
308(1)
Problems
308(8)
CHAPTER 5 SCREWS 316(38)
5-1 Kinds of Threads
316(3)
5-2 Standardized Threads
319(2)
5-3 Unified Threads
321(1)
5-4 American National Threads
322(1)
5-5 Identification Symbols
323(1)
5-6 SI Threads
323(2)
5-7 Effect of Initial Stress
325(4)
5-8 Additional Design Considerations
329(2)
5-9 Power Screws
331(8)
5-10 Torque Required to Produce Desired Clamping Force
339(2)
5-11 Friction of Screws
341(1)
5-12 Stress Concentration
341(2)
5-13 Locknuts
343(1)
5-14 Materials and Methods of Manufacture
344(1)
5-15 Stress Due to Impact Load
345(3)
5-16 Relaxation
348(1)
References
348(1)
Problems
348(6)
CHAPTER 6 BELTS, CLUTCHES, BRAKES AND CHAINS 354(54)
6-1 V-belts
355(2)
6-2 Center Distance for V-belt Drive
357(4)
6-3 Design of V-belts
361(2)
6-4 Other Types of Belts
363(2)
6-5 Disk or Plate Clutch
365(4)
6-6 Disk Brakes
369(1)
6-7 Cone Clutch
370(1)
6-8 Band Brake
371(4)
6-9 Block Brake with Short Shoe
375(1)
6-10 Pivoted Block Brake with Long Shoe
376(9)
6-11 Brake with Pivoted Symmetrical Shoe
385(1)
6-12 Lining Pressures
386(1)
6-13 Heating of Brakes
387(1)
6-14 Roller Chains
388(1)
6-15 Design Capacity of Roller Chains
389(4)
6-16 Galling of Roller Chains
393(1)
6-17 Polygonal Action
394(1)
6-18 Silent Chain
395(1)
References
396(1)
Problems
396(12)
CHAPTER 7 WELDED AND RIVETED CONNECTIONS 408(48)
7-1 Fabrication by Welding
409(1)
7-2 Fusion Welding
410(1)
7-3 Strength of Fusion Welds
411(2)
7-4 Eccentrically Loaded Welds-Static Loads
413(7)
7-5 Stress Concentration in Welds
420(1)
7-6 Residual Stress-Weldability
421(2)
7-7 Welding Electrodes
423(1)
7-8 Design for Fluctuating Loads
424(2)
7-9 Resistance Welding
426(1)
7-10 Other Kinds of Welding
427(2)
7-11 Soldering and Brazing
429(2)
7-12 Furnace Brazing
431(1)
7-13 Riveted Joint with Central Load
432(1)
7-14 Stresses in Rivets
433(1)
7-15 Stresses in a Cylindrical Shell
433(4)
7-16 Riveted Joint with Eccentric Load
437(5)
7-17 Instantaneous Center of Rotation
442(1)
7-18 Adhesives
442(2)
References
444(1)
Problems
445(11)
CHAPTER 8 LUBRICATION 456(50)
8-1 Viscosity and Newton's Law
458(8)
8-2 Petroff's Bearing Equation
466(4)
8-3 Load-Carrying Journal Bearing
470(1)
8-4 Load and Friction Curves for Journal Bearings
471(7)
8-5 Power Lost in Friction
478(1)
8-6 Power Lost by Self-Cooled Bearings
479(5)
8-7 Designing for Film Temperature and Minimum Film Thickness
484(2)
8-8 Viscosity Index
486(1)
8-9 The Zn/ P Curve
487(3)
8-10 Bearing Materials
490(3)
8-11 Bearing Loads
493(1)
8-12 Construction of Bearings
494(1)
8-13 Clearance and Oil Grooves
495(2)
8-14 Elastic Matching
497(1)
8-15 Dry Friction
498(1)
8-16 Boundary or Thin-Film Lubrication
499(1)
8-17 Mixed or Semifluid Lubrication
500(1)
References
500(1)
Problems
501(5)
CHAPTER 9 BALL AND ROLLER BEARINGS 506(37)
9-1 Construction and Types of Ball Bearings
506(2)
9-2 Selection of Ball Bearings
508(4)
9-3 Effect of Axial Load
512(3)
9-4 Design for Variable Loading
515(4)
9-5 Static Capacity
519(1)
9-6 Design for Different Confidence Levels
520(1)
9-7 Friction and Lubrication of Ball Bearings
520(1)
9-8 Bearing Materials and Surface Finish
521(1)
9-9 Mounting of Ball Bearings
522(2)
9-10 Permissible Misalignment
524(1)
9-11 Unground Ball Bearings
525(1)
9-12 Relative Advantages of Rolling Element Bearings
525(1)
9-13 Roller Bearings
526(2)
9-14 Contact Stress between Spheres and Cylinders
528(9)
9-15 Elasto-hydrodynamic Lubrication
537(1)
References
537(1)
Problems
538(5)
CHAPTER 10 SPUR GEARS 543(83)
10-1 Introduction
545(1)
10-2 Velocity Law of Toothed Gearing
546(2)
10-3 Kinematics of Involute Gear Teeth
548(2)
10-4 Cycloidal Gear Teeth
550(1)
10-5 Pitches of Gear Teeth
551(3)
10-6 Gear Pitches in SI Units
554(3)
10-7 Standard Systems of Gearing
557(2)
10-8 Methods of Manufacture
559(3)
10-9 Backlash
562(2)
10-10 Gear Finishing Methods
564(1)
10-11 Load on Gear Tooth from Power Transmitted
564(3)
10-12 Determination of Bearing Loads
567(2)
10-13 Contact Ratio
569(2)
10-14 Undercutting in Gear Teeth
571(2)
10-15 Long and Short Addendum Gearing
573(3)
10-16 Speed Ratios of Gear Trains
576(4)
10-17 Internal or Annular Gears
580(1)
10-18 Dimensioning of Gears
581(1)
10-19 Materials for Gears
581(1)
10-20 Lubrication and Mounting of Gears
582(1)
10-21 Planetary Gear Trains
583(2)
10-22 Design of Gears to Prevent Failures
585(32)
References
617(1)
Problems
618(8)
CHAPTER 11 HELICAL, BEVEL, AND WORM GEARS 626(58)
11-1 Helical Gears
627(3)
11-2 The Geometry of Helical Gears
630(2)
11-3 Virtual Number of Teeth
632(1)
11-4 Center Distance of Mating Gears
632(3)
11-5 Contact Ratios for Helical Gears
635(1)
11-6 Tooth Loads of Helical Gears
635(1)
11-7 Design of Parallel Shaft Helical Gears to Prevent Failures
636(15)
11-8 Bevel Gears
651(2)
11-9 The Geometry of Bevel Gears
653(1)
11-10 Loads on Bevel Gears
654(1)
11-11 Design of Bevel Gears to Prevent Failures
655(11)
11-12 Worm Gears
666(2)
11-13 Geometric Relationships of Worm Gears
668(8)
11-14 Forces in Worm Gear Sets
676(1)
11-15 Design of Worm Gear Sets
676(5)
References
681(1)
Problems
681(3)
CHAPTER 12 MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE ELEMENTS 684(79)
12-1 Stresses in a Thick Cylinder
684(5)
12-2 Shrink and Press Fit Stresses
689(4)
12-3 Stress Concentration Caused by Press Fit
693(5)
12-4 Stresses in Disk Flywheel
698(2)
12-5 Flywheel with Spokes and Rim
700(4)
12-6 Flywheel Requirements
704(3)
12-7 Impact of Elastic Bodies
707(2)
12-8 Impact Stresses by Energy Method
709(6)
12-9 Force Produced by Falling Weight
715(2)
12-10 Impact of Weight on Beam
717(1)
12-11 Gaskets and Seals
718(2)
12-12 Design of Gaskets for Static Loads
720(4)
12-13 Wire Rope
724(5)
12-14 Curved Beams
729(3)
12-15 Curved Beam of Rectangular Cross Section
732(5)
12-16 Curved Beam of Circular Cross Section
737(1)
12-17 Angular Deflection of Curved Bar
737(1)
12-18 Cams
737(3)
12-19 Plate Cam with Central Roller Follower
740(2)
12-20 Manufacture of Cam with Central Roller Follower
742(2)
12-21 Plate Cam with Flat-Faced Follower
744(2)
12-22 Polydyne Cam
746(1)
12-23 Remarks on Cam Design
746(1)
12-24 Snap Rings
747(1)
12-25 Flat Plates
748(4)
References
752(1)
Problems
753(10)
CHAPTER 13 PRINCIPLES OF FORM SYNTHESIS 763(17)
13-1 A Review of Stress Patterns in Machine Parts
763(4)
13-2 The Principles of Form Synthesis
767(2)
13-3 Exceptions to the Form Synthesis Principles
769(1)
13-4 Design of Joints
770(7)
13-5 Conclusions
777(1)
References
778(1)
Problems
778(2)
CHAPTER 14 ENGINEERING MATERIALS 780(57)
14-1 The Tension Test
780(3)
14-2 Physical Constitution of Steel
783(2)
14-3 Types of Steel Used in Machine Construction
785(1)
14-4 Numbering Systems for Carbon and Alloy Steels
786(3)
14-5 Plain Carbon Steel
789(4)
14-6 Alloy Steels
793(5)
14-7 High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels, HSLA
798(1)
14-8 Cost of Steel
798(1)
14-9 Heat Treatment of Steel
799(3)
14-10 Residual Stresses from Heat Treatment
802(1)
14-11 Carburizing and Nitrilling
803(1)
14-12 Flame Hardening
804(2)
14-13 Strain Hardening
806(1)
14-14 Hardness
807(2)
14-15 Machinability
809(1)
14-16 Grain Size
809(1)
14-17 Corrosion
810(1)
14-18 Prevention of Corrosion
811(1)
14-19 Stainless Steel
812(1)
14-20 Wear
813(3)
14-21 Short-Term Effects of High Temperatures
816(1)
14-22 Creep of Steel at High Temperature
817(2)
14-23 Cast Iron
819(3)
14-24 Malleable Iron/Nodular Iron
822(1)
14-25 Cast Steel
822(2)
14-26 Tool Steel
824(1)
14-27 Aluminum Alloys
825(1)
14-28 Alloy and Temper Designations
826(1)
14-29 Composition and Mechanical Properties
827(1)
14-30 Magnesium Alloys
827(3)
14-31Copper Alloys
830(3)
14-32 Alloys for Die Castings
833(3)
References
836(1)
CHAPTER 15 DESIGNING WITH PLASTIC MATERIALS 837(23)
15-1 Introduction
837(4)
15-2 The Basics: The Chemistry and Physics of Plastics
841(1)
15-3 Characteristics of Thermoplastic Materials
842(2)
15-4 Amorphous vs. Semicrystalline Thermoplastics
844(3)
15-5 Characteristics of Thermoset Materials
847(3)
15-6 Designing with Plastics
850(1)
15-7 Creep in Plastics
850(5)
15-8 Environmental Properties of Plastics
855(1)
15-9 Safety Factors
856(1)
15-10 Additives for Plastics
856(1)
15-11 Recycling of Plastics
857(1)
15-12 Plastics Resources
857(1)
References
857(1)
Problems
858(2)
APPENDIX MODULES 860(54)
INDEX 914

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Excerpts

We are pleased to publish this eighth edition of a text that has become a classic among the machine design community. This new edition contains a number of important improvements over the previous edition.The example problems have been reformatted using a structured approach. This addition should make the logic of the example problems much easier to follow, and the authors recommend that the student of machine design adopt this structured approach in their work.Most of the spreadsheet modules found in the previous edition have been upgraded and improved. In many cases the use of "drop-down menus" allows the user to switch between unit systems without the need to switch to a different module. Additionally, the spreadsheet modules now include command buttons to allow the user to view additional information of importance to their application. In one of the spreadsheets, the user can produce a scaled plot of the Mohr's Circle for a given state of two-dimensional stress. Some completely new spreadsheet modules have been added to allow a greater range of problems to be solved.Perhaps one of the most important new features of this edition is the inclusion of a chapter on design with plastic materials. This chapter, written by L. E. Hornberger, a world-class leader in plastics design and recycling, provides an excellent overview of how plastic materials are having a strong positive influence on the design of machine elements. This new edition represents over 80 years of experience of its three authors in industry and in the classroom. As with any "work in process," we continue to welcome your helpful suggestions for improvement of this text.As with any project of this magnitude, there are many people to thank for their suggestions, contributions, and helpful ideas. In particular we thank William L. Cleghorn, University of Toronto; Harvey Hoy, University of Wisconsin; Richard A. Hultin, Rochester Institute of Technology; Ronald L. Prielie, University of North Carolina Charlotte; and Tom Overman, Santa Clara University. T. E. SHOUP L. E. HORNBERGER Santa Clara University

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