Semantic Web Services

by Fensel, Dieter; Facca, Federico Michele; Simperl, Elena; Toma, Ioan

• ISBN13: 9783642191923
• ISBN10: 3642191924
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2011-05-05
• Publisher: Springer-Nature New York Inc

Summary

A paradigm shift is taking place in computer science: one generation ago, we learned to abstract from hardware to software, now we are abstracting from software to serviceware implemented through service-oriented computing. Yet ensuring interoperability in open, heterogeneous, and dynamically changing environments, such as the Internet, remains a major challenge for actual machine-to-machine integration. Usually significant problems in aligning data, processes, and protocols appear as soon as a specific piece of functionality is used within a different application context. The Semantic Web Services (SWS) approach is about describing services with metadata on the basis of domain ontologies as a means to enable their automatic location, execution, combination, and use. Fensel and his coauthors provide a comprehensive overview of SWS in line with actual industrial practice. They introduce the main sociotechnological components that ground the SWS vision (like Web Science, Service Science, and service-oriented architectures) and several approaches that realize it, e.g. the Web Service Modeling Framework, OWL-S, and RESTful services. The real-world relevance is emphasized through a series of case studies from large-scale R&D projects and a business-oriented proposition from the SWS technology provider Seekda.Each chapter of the book is structured according to a predefined template, covering both theoretical and practical aspects, and including walk-through examples and hands-on exercises.#xC2;#xA0; Additional learning material is available on the book website www.swsbook.org. With its additional features, the book is ideally suited as the basis for courses or self-study in this field, and it may also serve as a reference for researchers looking for a state-of-the-art overview of formalisms, methods, tools, and applications related to SWS.#xC2;#xA0;#xC2;#xA0;#xE2;#xAC;SThis book benefits from the extensive research track record of the authors combined with experiences gained in three large European projects with a combined budget of over 50M Euros. It is difficult to think of a more useful intellectual source for finding out about the Semantic Web Services area. If you are just embarking on a career as an ICT researcher, you are interested in services and/or semantics, or if you simply wish to catch up on the latest research in the Semantic Web area, then I thoroughly recommend that you read this book.#xE2;#xAC;#xC2;#xA0; - John Domingue, Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, UK and STI International, Austria

Table of Contents

Scientific and Technological Foundations of Semantic Web Services
Introduction	p. 3
Web Science	p. 9
Motivation	p. 9
Technical Solution	p. 10
History of the Web	p. 10
Building the Web	p. 12
Web in Society	p. 16
Operationalizing the Web Science for a World of International Commerce	p. 18
Analyzing the Web	p. 21
Web 2.0	p. 22
Conclusions	p. 22
References	p. 23
Service Science	p. 25
Motivation	p. 25
What Is a Service?	p. 26
Service Analysis, Design, Development and Testing	p. 27
Service Orchestration, Composition and Delivery	p. 29
Service Innovation	p. 30
Service Design Approach	p. 31
Service Pricing Method and Economics	p. 32
Service Quality Measurement	p. 32
Service Technologies	p. 33
Service Application	p. 34
Conclusions	p. 34
References	p. 35
Web Services	p. 37
Motivation	p. 37
Service Oriented Computing (SOC)	p. 38
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)	p. 39
Technical Solution	p. 40
Defining Web Services	p. 41
Web Service Technologies	p. 42
Illustration by a Larger Example	p. 55
Summary	p. 56
Exercises	p. 60
References	p. 64
Web2.0 and RESTful Services	p. 67
Motivation	p. 67
Technical Solution	p. 68
REST	p. 69
Describing RESTful Services	p. 69
Data Exchange for RESTful Services	p. 72
AJAX APIs	p. 77
Examples of RESTful Services	p. 78
Illustration by a Larger Example	p. 80
Summary	p. 83
Exercises	p. 84
References	p. 85
Semantic Web	p. 87
Motivation	p. 87
Technical Solution	p. 89
Extensions	p. 98
Summary	p. 101
Exercises	p. 102
References	p. 103
Web Service Modeling Ontology Approach
Web Service Modeling Ontology	p. 107
Motivation	p. 107
Technical Solution	p. 108
Ontologies	p. 110
Web Services	p. 113
Goals	p. 116
Mediators	p. 116
Extensions	p. 118
Illustration by a Larger Example	p. 119
Ontologies	p. 119
Goals	p. 120
Web Services	p. 120
Mediators	p. 124
Summary	p. 124
Exercises	p. 128
References	p. 129
The Web Service Modeling Language	p. 131
Motivation	p. 131
Principles of WSMO	p. 131
Logics Families and Semantic Web Services	p. 132
Technical Solution	p. 134
WSML Language Variants	p. 134
WSML Basis	p. 136
Ontologies in WSML	p. 139
Web Services in WSML	p. 145
Goals in WSML	p. 149
Mediators in WSML	p. 152
Technologies for Using WSML	p. 152
Extensions	p. 153
Illustration by a Larger Example	p. 155
Travel Ontology	p. l55
Services	p. 157
Goal	p. 157
Summary	p. 158
Exercises	p. 158
References	p. 160
The Web Service Execution Environment	p. 163
Motivation	p. 163
Service Orientation	p. 164
Execution Environment for Semantic Web Services	p. 168
Governing Principles	p. 168
Technical Solution	p. 169
SESA Vision	p. 169
SESA Middleware	p. 175
SESA Execution Semantics	p. 191
Illustration by a Larger Example	p. 200
Modeling of Business Services	p. 202
Execution of Services	p. 206
Possible Extensions	p. 210
Goal Subscription	p. 210
Summary	p. 213
Exercises	p. 213
References	p. 215
Complementary Approaches for Web Service Modeling Ontology
Triple Space Computing for Semantic Web Services	p. 219
Motivation	p. 219
Technical Solution	p. 221
Tuplespace Computing	p. 221
Triple Space Computing	p. 223
Triple Space Conceptual Models	p. 224
Triple Space Architecture	p. 229
Triple Space and Semantic Web Services	p. 231
Triple Space and Semantic SOA	p. 238
Illustration by a Larger Example	p. 242
Summary	p. 247
References	p. 248
OWL-S and Other Approaches	p. 251
Motivation	p. 251
OWL-S	p. 252
Service Profile	p. 252
Service Grounding	p. 254
Service Model	p. 256
An Extension to OWL-S	p. 259
Tool Support	p. 261
OWL-S Summary	p. 263
METEOR-S	p. 263
Semantic Annotation of Web services	p. 264
Semantics-Based Discovery of Web Services	p. 267
Composition of Web Services	p. 268
METEOR-S Summary	p. 269
IRS-III	p. 270
Discovery, Selection and Mediation	p. 273
Communication	p. 274
Choreography and Orchestration	p. 275
Summary	p. 276
Exercises	p. 277
References	p. 277
Lightweight Semantic Web Service Descriptions	p. 279
Motivation	p. 279
Technical Solution	p. 280
SAWSDL	p. 281
WSMO-Lite Service Semantics	p. 283
WSMO-Lite in SAWSDL	p. 288
WSMO-Lite for RESTful Services	p. 289
Extensions	p. 292
Summary	p. 295
Exercises	p. 295
References	p. 295
Real-World Adoption of Semantic Web Services
What Are SWS Good for? DIP, SUPER, and SOA4All Use Cases	p. 299
Motivation	p. 299
Data, Information, and Process Integration with Semantic Web Services (DIP)	p. 300
Motivation	p. 300
Technical Solution	p. 301
Use Cases	p. 302
Semantics Utilized for Process Management Within and Between Enterprises (SUPER)	p. 304
Motivation	p. 305
Technical Solution	p. 307
Use Cases	p. 311
Service Oriented Architectures for All (SOA4All)	p. 311
Motivation	p. 312
Technical Solution	p. 313
Use Cases	p. 318
Summary	p. 323
References	p. 323
Seekda: The Business Point of View	p. 325
Motivation	p. 325
Technical Solution	p. 326
Crawler	p. 327
Search Engine	p. 333
Bundle Configurator and Assistant	p. 333
Illustration by a Larger Example	p. 342
Summary	p. 349
Exercises	p. 351
References	p. 351
Index	p. 353
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