Six Principles for Teaching English Language Learners in All Classrooms

by Ellen McIntyre

• ISBN13: 9781412958349
• ISBN10: 1412958342
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-07-17
• Publisher: Corwin Pr

Summary

With examples, checklists, and more, this instructional model helps educators address language development in a regular classroom while supporting ELLs in learning academic content.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xii
About the Authors	p. xiv
Introduction	p. 1
English Language Learners of All Kinds	p. 2
Language Learning: How Does It Happen?	p. 3
BICS and CALP	p. 6
All Teachers as Teachers of English Language Learners	p. 7
A Look Back Is a Look Forward	p. 8
Overview of the Book	p. 10
Cast of Characters	p. 11
A Note for Readers	p. 12
Six Principles for Teaching English Language Learners: The Instructional Model	p. 13
The CREDE Five Pedagogy Standards	p. 15
The Model Enacted in Seventh Grade	p. 15
Reflection on Cori's Teaching	p. 19
Cori and the CREDE Standards	p. 19
Joint Productive Activity	p. 20
Contextualization	p. 20
Language and Literacy	p. 21
Rigorous Curriculum	p. 21
Instructional Conversation	p. 21
Scaffolding the Five Standards	p. 22
This Seems Overwhelming. Can I Do It?	p. 25
Joint Productive Activity (JPA) and English Language Learners	p. 27
Show or Tell?	p. 28
Reflection on Vickie's Teaching	p. 29
Rationale and Definition of JPA	p. 29
Is This JPA? Indicators of Joint Productive Activity	p. 30
Classroom Culture	p. 31
The Juggling Act: Grouping and Scheduling of JPA	p. 34
Example of JPA in a Study of Race and Racism	p. 36
Reflection on Justin's Teaching	p. 40
JPA in Middle School ESL: Learning From Our Mistakes	p. 40
Reflection on Jayne's Teaching	p. 42
Teaching Tips for JPA	p. 42
Assessing JPA in Your Teaching	p. 43
Contextualization and English Language Learners: Making Learning Meaningful	p. 45
Reflection on Johanna's Teaching	p. 47
Meaning of Contextualization	p. 47
Are We Connecting? Contextualization is Making Meaning	p. 50
Indicators of Contextualization	p. 50
Examples of Contextualization	p. 51
Contextualization in Middle School Language Arts	p. 51
Contextualization in Kindergarten	p. 53
Contextualization in Fourth-Grade Science and Mathematics	p. 54
Reflection on Examples	p. 55
Teaching Tips for Contextualizing Instruction	p. 56
Assessing Contextualization of Your Teaching	p. 57
Language and Literacy Development for English Language Learners	p. 59
Rationale and Definition of Developing Language and Literacy	p. 60
Indicators of Language and Literacy Teaching	p. 61
The Case for Home Language Development	p. 62
Reading Instruction and ELLs	p. 64
Georgia's Second Grade	p. 64
Mary's Third Grade	p. 71
Writing in Middle School	p. 75
Writing Across the Curriculum	p. 77
Tips for Language and Literacy Teaching	p. 78
Assessing Your Teaching of Language and Literacy	p. 78
Engaging Students With Rigorous Curriculum: High Expectations for English Language Learners	p. 80
Adapting Instruction to Maintain Rigor and Provide Support	p. 81
Meaning of Rigorous Curriculum	p. 85
Still Important: Levels of Questioning	p. 86
Indicators of Rigorous Curriculum	p. 87
Examples of Rigorous Curriculum	p. 87
Rigorous Curriculum Enacted in Kindergarten	p. 88
Rigorous Curriculum Enacted in Middle Grades Language Arts	p. 90
Reflection on Examples	p. 93
Teaching Tips for Rigorous Curriculum	p. 94
Assessing Whether Your Curriculum Is Rigorous	p. 95
Instructional Conversation (IC)	p. 96
Rationale and Definition of Instructional Conversation	p. 97
How Does IC Differ From Traditional Teaching?	p. 98
Beyond "Discussion": Indicators of Instructional Conversation (IC)	p. 98
Assistance Through Good Questioning	p. 99
Think-Pair-Share Strategy	p. 101
Examples of IC	p. 102
Instructional Conversation in Middle School	p. 102
Instructional Conversation With Young Children	p. 106
Tips for Instructional Conversation	p. 109
Assessing Your IC	p. 111
Engaging Families of English Language Learners	p. 113
The Importance of Involving Families	p. 114
Successful Ways to Involve Families of English Language Learners	p. 115
Communicating With Families	p. 115
Involving Families in Classrooms	p. 118
Increasing Help at Home	p. 122
Engaging Families in Workshops and Other School Events	p. 125
Visiting in Students' Homes	p. 127
Challenges in Involving Families	p. 129
Tips for Engaging Families	p. 130
Assessing Your Family Involvement	p. 131
Teaching English Language Learners in All Classrooms	p. 133
Beyond a "Model" Approach	p. 133
Compatible Views	p. 135
Development of CREDE Standards	p. 135
Barriers and Challenges	p. 137
Preparation of Teachers and Teacher Educators	p. 138
Concluding Remarks	p. 139
References	p. 141
Index	p. 147
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