Social Work Practice with Refugee and Immigrant Youth in the United States

by Delgado, Melvin; Jones, Kay; Rohani, Mojdeh

• ISBN13: 9780205398836
• ISBN10: 0205398839
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-09-27
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

The first book to address this growing population group whose situation presents social work practitioners with a number of opportunities and challenges. Social-cultural developments within the U.S. in the last decade have witnessed the emergence of two distinct and yet potentially beneficial trends: the influx of immigrant and refugee youth and the popularity of youth development as a paradigm and field of practice. Social Work Practice with Refugee and Immigrant Youth in the United States puts the newcomer experience into context and provides a guide for social workers developing interventions using a youth development paradigm. Highlights of This First Edition: bull; bull;The authors' use of a youth development paradigm as an organizing theoretical orientation increases the applicability of this text for social work practice. bull;Cases and examples in every chapter discuss the rewards and challenges associated with youth development and immigrant youth, and provide examples of successful programs. bull;Chapter-opening quotes, chapter introductions, and illustrative charts help provide students with a conceptual understanding of working with newcomer youth. Don't Miss This Special Value Pack Option: The Career Center Do your students need help transitioning from being a student to becoming a professional? With The Career Center, they can register to receive eight 30-minute career counseling sessions-a total of four hours of career consultant time! The Career Center is designed to address the wide range of preparation and life stages of individuals who are attempting to develop their careers. Qualified career specialists advise students as they establish, or reestablish, themselves in today's competitive global economy. The Career Center-a $25 value-is FREE to your students when you order it packaged with any new Allyn & Bacon Social Work textbook. Visit www.ablongman.com/careercenter for more information. Contact your local Allyn & Bacon representative and request special packaging codes to take advantage of this great offer.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
PART I Context Setting	1	(96)
Overview	3	(6)
Introduction	3	(1)
Types of Newcomers to the United States	4	(3)
Who Is a Youth and Who Is a Newcomer Youth?	5	(2)
At-Risk Youth and the Field of Youth Development	7	(2)
Demographic Profile and Trends	9	(27)
Introduction	9	(1)
Global Perspective	10	(2)
Historical Overview of Newcomers to the United States	12	(5)
National Perspectives, Profiles, Trends	17	(3)
Newcomer Youth in the United States	20	(1)
Newcomers' Countries of Origin	21	(1)
Undocumented Newcomers and the Consequences of Deportation	22	(3)
Remittance and Gross National Product	25	(1)
Telecommunication and Business Opportunities	26	(1)
California and Newcomers	27	(2)
Urban Resettlement for Newcomers: Los Angeles, Miami, and New York City	29	(6)
Los Angeles	30	(2)
Miami	32	(1)
New York City	33	(2)
Conclusion	35	(1)
Overview of Services	36	(9)
Introduction	36	(1)
Legal Status and Entitlements	36	(1)
Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996	37	(1)
Entitlements	38	(1)
Access and Entitlements	39	(1)
Newcomers Awaiting Entrance into the Country	40	(2)
Loan Payment	42	(1)
Asylees	42	(1)
Ineligibility for Services	42	(1)
Youth	43	(1)
Conclusion	44	(1)
Challenges Faced by Newcomer Youth	45	(52)
Introduction	45	(1)
Contextual Variables	46	(4)
Original Culture	47	(1)
Country of Origin	47	(1)
Pre-Migration Life	48	(1)
Circumstances of Migration	48	(1)
Trauma Experience	49	(1)
Family Fragmentation	49	(1)
Legal Status and Resettlement Process	50	(1)
Host Community	50	(1)
Issues Related to Specific Age/Developmental Stage	50	(3)
The Young Child	50	(2)
The Middle School and Adolescent Youth	52	(1)
Issues Related to Gender	53	(1)
Issues Related to Family Relationships	54	(7)
Family Composition: Losses, Separations, Reunions, and Reconfigurations	54	(2)
Changing Roles within the Family	56	(3)
Intergenerational Conflicts	59	(1)
Adaptive Family Responses	60	(1)
Issues Related to Acculturation and Ethnic Identity Formation	61	(5)
Issues Related to Peer Relationships	66	(3)
Issues Related to Education	69	(6)
Issues Related to Economics	75	(7)
Issues Related to Health	82	(4)
Language Barriers	83	(1)
Cultural Barriers	83	(1)
Eligibility Issues	84	(1)
Special ``Situational'' Issues	84	(1)
Adaptive Health Care Program Models and Strategies	85	(1)
Issues Related to Mental Health	86	(5)
Issues Related to Spirituality/Religion	91	(3)
Issues Related to Political Realities	94	(2)
Conclusion	96	(1)
PART II Major Elements and Building Blocks of Youth Development	97	(66)
Best Practice Principles with Newcomer Youth	99	(24)
Introduction	99	(1)
What Are Best Practices?	100	(3)
Key Elements of Best Practices	103	(1)
Challenges to Using Best Practices	103	(2)
Best Practices with Immigrant and Refugee Youth	105	(16)
Enhancement of Adult Caring Relationships with Newcomer Youth	105	(1)
Successful Brokering between Parental and Peer Influences	106	(3)
Reinforcement of Language and Culture	109	(4)
Interventions That Are Culturally Harmonious	113	(2)
Interventions That Integrate	115	(3)
Interventions That Empower	118	(3)
Conclusion	121	(2)
Social Navigational Skills and Community Assets	123	(25)
Introduction	123	(1)
Quest for a Paradigm	124	(2)
Social Death	126	(4)
Social Navigational Skills	130	(16)
Youth Attitudes	134	(6)
Youth Competencies	140	(3)
Community Assets	143	(3)
Conclusion	146	(2)
Culturally Competent Practice	148	(15)
Introduction	148	(1)
What Is Cultural Competence?	148	(1)
Historical Roots of the Culturally Competent Framework	149	(2)
Emergence of the Culturally Competent Framework	151	(1)
Elaborations of the Culturally Competent Framework	152	(4)
Exposure, Interaction, and Experiential Learning	153	(1)
Social Justice Issues and Personal Responsibility	154	(1)
Ethical Issues in Culturally Competent Practice	154	(1)
Measurement Instruments of Cultural Competence	155	(1)
Multiculturally and Culturally Competent Research	155	(1)
Critiques of the Culturally Competent Framework	156	(1)
Cultural Competence and Newcomer Populations	156	(3)
Cultural Encapsulation and Monocultural Tunnel Vision	157	(1)
Sociocultural Dissonance	157	(1)
Cultural Romanticism and Cultural Blindness	157	(1)
Historical Trauma and Healthy Paranoia	157	(1)
Secondary Traumatization/Stress	158	(1)
Cultural Borderlands	158	(1)
Special Aspects of Culturally Competent Practice with Newcomers	159	(2)
Conclusion	161	(2)
PART III Youth Development Paradigm: Elements and Practice	163	(44)
Youth Development Paradigm	165	(42)
Introduction	165	(2)
Definition of Youth Development	167	(3)
Historical Roots of Youth Development	170	(1)
Youth Assets	171	(3)
Vision and Goals of Youth Development	174	(1)
Youth Social Characteristics and Youth Development	175	(1)
Core Elements	176	(1)
Social Relationships	177	(6)
Emotional	178	(1)
Cognitive	179	(1)
Physical	180	(1)
Moral	181	(1)
Spiritual	182	(1)
Social Arenas	183	(3)
Family	183	(1)
Peers	184	(1)
School	184	(2)
Community	186	(1)
Interventions	186	(13)
Mentoring	188	(2)
Community Service	190	(2)
Sports	192	(1)
Communication	193	(1)
Leadership Development	194	(1)
Visual Arts	195	(1)
Performing Arts	196	(1)
Advocacy/Community Change	196	(1)
Biographic	197	(1)
Research/Evaluation	198	(1)
Inherent Challenges in Using a Youth Development Paradigm with Newcomer Youth	199	(5)
Value Conflicts	200	(1)
Mixed versus Single-Gender Programs	201	(1)
Mixed versus Group-Specific Programs	201	(1)
Is Empowerment a Realistic Goal?	202	(1)
Should Parents Be Involved?	203	(1)
Conclusion	204	(3)
PART IV Reflections from the Field of Practice	207	(22)
Case Illustration	209	(20)
Introduction	209	(1)
Case Study: ROCA, Inc., Chelsea, Massachusetts	209	(18)
Rationale for Case Selection	209	(2)
Setting the Context	211	(2)
Mission, Descriptions of Program Components, and Funding	213	(4)
Peacemaking Circles	217	(1)
Best Practices	218	(8)
Role of Social Workers at ROCA	226	(1)
Conclusion	227	(2)
PART V Themes for Future Directions	229	(8)
Epilogue	231	(6)
Introduction	231	(1)
Critical Themes	231	(5)
Terminology	231	(1)
Talent and Success	232	(1)
Best Practices	232	(1)
Newcomers' Contributions	232	(1)
Racial Dynamics	233	(1)
Where Is Social Work?	234	(1)
Mutual Learning	234	(1)
Bicultural/Bilingual Social Workers	235	(1)
Lives of Hope	235	(1)
Conclusion	236	(1)
References	237	(30)
Name Index	267	(8)
Subject Index	275