Sociology Concepts and Characteristics

by Landis, Judson R.

• ISBN13: 9780534525606
• ISBN10: 0534525601
• Edition: 10th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1997-10-01
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Summary

Landis' applied approach combines readings, commentary, and core concepts. Adopters are satisfied with the lighter, core format of the text. The readings are diverse and deal with contemporary issues, thus increasing relevancy to students. The text is a smooth read for the 2-year college student, not too condescending, and not too complicated.

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION: KNOWLEDGE, SCIENCE, AND SOCIOLOGY	3	(34)
Knowledge	3	(2)
Science	5	(5)
Types of Science	8	(1)
Social Science	9	(1)
Sociology	10	(5)
Sociological Theories	11	(4)
Functional Analysis	11	(2)
Conflict Theory	13	(1)
Symbolic Interaction	14	(1)
Research Methods in Sociology	15	(9)
Three Research Techniques	16	(4)
Problems in Social Science Investigation	20	(2)
Ethics	22	(1)
Is It Only Common Sense?	23	(1)
Summary	24	(1)
Terms for Study	25	(1)
Reading 1.1 The Research Process-Race, Drugs, and Criminal Sentencing	26	(3)
Reading 1.2 JOHN WILKES, Murder in Mind	29	(7)
Notes	36	(1)
Part 1 Socialization and Culture	37	(74)
2 SOCIALIZATION AND SELF	38	(36)
Socialization: A Social Process	41	(2)
Gender Socialization	43	(1)
Primary and Secondary Socialization	44	(1)
Resocialization and Anticipatory Socialization	45	(2)
Self and Personality	47	(4)
The Importance of Language	51	(2)
Definition of the Situation	53	(2)
Debates and Issues in Socialization	55	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	56	(1)
Summary	57	(1)
Terms for Study	58	(1)
Reading 2.1 HELEN KELLER, The Story of My Life	59	(3)
Reading 2.2 MALCOLM X, Mascot	62	(6)
Reading 2.3 JEAN E. MIZER, Cipher in the Snow	68	(2)
Reading 2.4 DENNIS OVERBYE, Born to Raise Hell?	70	(2)
Notes	72	(2)
3 NORMS, ROLES, CULTURE, SOCIETY	74	(37)
The Meaning of Culture	75	(1)
Norms	76	(5)
Types of Norms	78	(1)
Norm Conflict	79	(2)
Cultural Diversity	81	(8)
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism	83	(2)
Subculture and Counterculture	85	(1)
Multiculturalism	86	(1)
Culture and Personality	87	(2)
Society and Social Structure	89	(2)
Status and Role	91	(4)
Achieved and Ascribed Status	94	(1)
Role Strain and Role Conflict	94	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	95	(1)
Summary	96	(1)
Terms for Study	97	(1)
Reading 3.1 EDWARD T. HALL, The Hidden Dimension	98	(3)
Reading 3.2 TERRY WILLIAMS, The Cocaine Kids	101	(7)
Reading 3.3 RALPH LINTON, One Hundred Percent American	108	(2)
Notes	110	(1)
Part 2 Social Organization	111	(266)
4 GROUPS	113	(33)
Why Study Groups?	114	(1)
Groups and Nongroups	115	(2)
Types of Groups	117	(5)
Primary and Secondary Groups	120	(1)
Small Groups	120	(2)
Formal Organizations	122	(9)
Types of Organizations	126	(1)
Formal Organizations-Consequences and Concerns	126	(2)
"The Organization Man"	128	(1)
"McDonaldization"	129	(1)
Can Formal Organizations Change?	130	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	131	(1)
Summary	131	(1)
Terms for Study	132	(1)
Reading 4.1 CHRISTOPHER EDWARDS, Crazy for God	133	(5)
Reading 4.2 BARBARA GARSON, The Electronic Sweatshop	138	(7)
Notes	145	(1)
5 SOCIAL INEQUALITY: SOCIAL CLASS	146	(36)
Social Stratification	148	(1)
Stratification Systems	149	(1)
Parallel Stratification Systems	150	(1)
Socioeconomic Status and Social Class	151	(12)
Wealth	151	(1)
Power	152	(2)
Prestige	154	(2)
How Many Social Classes?	156	(1)
Determining Social Class	157	(1)
Social Class and Behavior	158	(3)
Social Mobility	161	(2)
Poverty and Welfare	163	(4)
The Welfare System	165	(1)
World Poverty	166	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	167	(2)
Summary	169	(1)
Terms for Study	170	(1)
Reading 5.1 WILLIAM RYAN, The Equality Dilemma	171	(5)
Reading 5.2 KRISTIN LUKER, Pro-Life Versus Pro-Choice Women-A Study in Class Contrasts	176	(4)
Notes	180	(2)
6 SOCIAL INEQUALITY: RACE, ETHNICITY, GENDER, AGE	182	(51)
Minority Status	183	(1)
Race and Ethnicity	184	(16)
Prejudice and Discrimination	186	(5)
Blacks and African Americans	191	(1)
Jobs, Income, Unemployment	191	(3)
Housing	193	(1)
Education	193	(1)
Voting and Elected Officials	194	(1)
Native Americans	194	(2)
Hispanic Americans	196	(1)
Jews	197	(1)
Asian Americans	198	(2)
Gender	200	(6)
Socialization and Gender Roles	201	(1)
Consequences of Gender-Role Typing	202	(4)
The Elderly	206	(1)
Patterns of Interaction	207	(1)
Minority-Group Reactions	208	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	209	(1)
Summary	210	(1)
Terms for Study	211	(1)
Reading 6.1 BRENT STAPLES, Just Walk on By	212	(2)
Reading 6.2 The Jeweler's Dilemma	214	(4)
Reading 6.3 LORRAINE ALI, Exiled in Guyville	218	(4)
Reading 6.4 DEE BROWN, Wounded Knee	222	(4)
Reading 6.5 S. LYNNE WALKER, Dangerous Crossing	226	(5)
Notes	231	(2)
INSTITUTIONS: FAMILY	233	(32)
Family	237	(4)
Structural Variabilities: How Do Family Structures Differ?	237	(3)
Functional Uniformities: How Are Families Alike?	240	(1)
The Family: Contrast and Change	241	(7)
The Family in China	242	(1)
The Family in America	243	(5)
Later Marriage	245	(1)
Staying Single and Living Alone	246	(1)
Other Living Arrangements	247	(1)
Divorce	247	(1)
Census Bureau Facts About Marriage and Divorce in the 1990s	247	(1)
Family Problems-The Conflict Approach	248	(3)
The Family of the Future	251	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	251	(1)
Summary	252	(1)
Terms for Study	253	(1)
Reading 7.1 CAROL SIMONS, They Get by with a Lot of Help from their Kyoiku Mamas	254	(3)
Reading 7.2 DANIELA DEANE, The Little Emperors, Part 1	257	(3)
Reading 7.3 ELIJAH ANDERSON, Family and Peer Group in Northton	260	(4)
Notes	264	(1)
8 INSTITUTIONS: RELIGION	265	(28)
Religion: The Functional Approach	268	(3)
Religious Organizations	271	(3)
Religion in America	274	(5)
Theory and Research: A Review	279	(1)
Summary	280	(1)
Terms for Study	281	(1)
Reading 8.1 MICHAEL WATTERLOND, The Holy Ghost People	282	(6)
Reading 8.2 RICHARD LACAYO, The Lure of the Cult	288	(4)
Notes	292	(1)
9 INSTITUTIONS: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL	293	(27)
Economic Institutions	294	(4)
Capitalism	294	(1)
Socialism	295	(1)
Economic Change and the American Economy	295	(3)
Political Institutions	298	(7)
Distribution of Power	299	(3)
The Pluralistic Model	299	(1)
The Elite Model	300	(1)
The Class Model	301	(1)
Political Systems and American Politics	302	(3)
The Political Economy: Separate Institutions?	305	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	306	(1)
Summary	306	(1)
Terms for Study	307	(1)
Reading 9.1 VICKI KEMPER AND DEBORAH LUTTERBECK, The Country Club	308	(6)
Reading 9.2 WALTER ISAACSON, In Search of the Real Bill Gates	314	(5)
Notes	319	(1)
10 INSTITUTIONS: EDUCATION	320	(24)
Education and Schooling Defined	321	(1)
The Functional Approach to Education	322	(1)
The Conflict Approach to Education	323	(3)
Education in America	326	(5)
Is Change Coming in Education?	331	(1)
Theory and Research: A Review	332	(1)
Summary	332	(1)
Terms for Study	333	(1)
Reading 10.1 STUDS TERKEL, School Days	334	(3)
Reading 10.2 HARRY L. GRACEY, Learning the Student Role: Kindergarten as Academic Boot Camp	337	(6)
Notes	343	(1)
11 POPULATION AND ECOLOGY	344	(33)
Population	346	(7)
Fertility	346	(2)
Mortality	348	(1)
Migration	349	(2)
Other Population Measures	351	(2)
Human Ecology and the City	353	(7)
Patterns in the United States	357	(2)
World Patterns	359	(1)
Population and Ecology: Problem Aspects	360	(5)
A Population Bomb?	362	(1)
Other Ecological Problems	363	(2)
Theory and Research: A Review	365	(1)
Summary	365	(1)
Terms for Study	366	(1)
Reading 11.1 WITOLD RYBCZYNKI, Downsizing Cities	367	(5)
Reading 11.2 DANIELA DEANE, The Little Emperors, Part 2	372	(4)
Notes	376	(1)
Part 3 Social Change and Social Deviance	377	(96)
12 SOCIAL CHANGE AND SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION	378	(26)
Factors Related to Social Change	381	(3)
Rates of Change and Planned Change	383	(1)
Theories of Social Change	384	(4)
Cyclic Theories	384	(1)
Evolutionary Theories	385	(1)
Functional Theories	385	(1)
Conflict Theories	386	(1)
Neoevolutionary Theories	386	(2)
Social Change and the Future: Two Viewpoints	388	(1)
Social Disorganization	389	(2)
Theory and Research: A Review	391	(1)
Summary	391	(1)
Terms for Study	392	(1)
Reading 12.1 JOHN YELLEN, Bushmen	393	(5)
Reading 12.2 KAI ERIKSON, Everything in Its Path	398	(5)
Notes	403	(1)
13 COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR	404	(26)
Crowds	406	(5)
Audiences, Mobs, and Riots	408	(3)
Panic and Mass Hysteria	411	(1)
Rumors	412	(1)
Fads, Crazes, and Fashions	413	(1)
Disasters	414	(2)
Publics, Public Opinion, and Propaganda	416	(2)
Social Movements	418	(2)
Theory and Research: A Review	420	(1)
Summary	420	(1)
Terms for Study	421	(1)
Reading 13.1 HARPER LEE, Maycomb Jail	422	(4)
Reading 13.2 PETER J. BOYER, Looking for Justice in L.A.	426	(3)
Notes	429	(1)
14 DEVIANCE AND SOCIAL CONTROL	430	(33)
Defining Deviance	431	(6)
Biological Explanations	432	(1)
Psychological Explanations	432	(1)
Sociological Explanations	432	(2)
Labeling Theory	434	(3)
Primary and Secondary Deviance	437	(1)
Deviant Behavior in Perspective	438	(1)
Categories of Deviance	438	(5)
Deviant Behavior and Criminal Behavior	443	(3)
Social Control	446	(4)
Theory and Research: A Review	450	(1)
Summary	451	(1)
Terms for Study	452	(1)
Reading 14.1 MILES CORWIN, California Prisons as Geriatric Wards	453	(5)
Reading 14.2 SHAWN POGATCHNIK, Harsh Brand of Justice in Belfast	458	(3)
Notes	461	(2)
15 SOCIOLOGY: ANOTHER PERSPECTIVE	463	(10)
A Sociological Perspective	464	(2)
Sociological Perspectives of Sociology	466	(3)
Sociologists--What Are They and What Do They Do?	469	(1)
Sociology and You	469	(1)
Terms for Study	470	(1)
Notes	471	(2)
GLOSSARY	473	(12)
INDEX	485